ID   SNI1_ARATH              Reviewed;         432 AA.
AC   Q9SWA6; Q8LGF4;
DT   30-NOV-2016, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAY-2000, sequence version 1.
DT   31-JUL-2019, entry version 106.
DE   RecName: Full=Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance SNI1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608};
DE   AltName: Full=Non-structural maintenance of chromosome element 5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24207055};
DE            Short=Non-SMC element 5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24207055};
DE   AltName: Full=Protein SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1, INDUCIBLE 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608};
DE            Short=Suppressor of npr1-1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608};
GN   Name=SNI1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608};
GN   Synonyms=NSE5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24207055};
GN   OrderedLocusNames=At4g18470 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT4G18470};
GN   ORFNames=F28J12.3 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AL021710};
OS   Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae;
OC   Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae;
OC   Arabidopsis.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE,
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=10458608; DOI=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81962-5;
RA   Li X., Zhang Y., Clarke J.D., Li Y., Dong X.;
RT   "Identification and cloning of a negative regulator of systemic
RT   acquired resistance, SNI1, through a screen for suppressors of npr1-
RT   1.";
RL   Cell 98:329-339(1999).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA   Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G.,
RA   Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N.,
RA   Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M.,
RA   Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M.,
RA   Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T.,
RA   Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I.,
RA   Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P.,
RA   Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J.,
RA   van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F.,
RA   Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E.,
RA   Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA   Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W.,
RA   Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P.,
RA   Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H.,
RA   De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R.,
RA   van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S.,
RA   Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R.,
RA   Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S.,
RA   Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H.,
RA   Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S.,
RA   Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A.,
RA   Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA   Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R.,
RA   Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S.,
RA   Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E.,
RA   Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A.,
RA   Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T.,
RA   Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C.,
RA   Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S.,
RA   Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K.,
RA   Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L.,
RA   Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J.,
RA   Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J.,
RA   Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D.,
RA   Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA   Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA   Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D.,
RA   Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C.,
RA   Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C.,
RA   Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R.,
RA   Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S.,
RA   Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A.,
RA   Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT   "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis
RT   thaliana.";
RL   Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN   [3]
RP   GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA   Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA   Town C.D.;
RT   "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana
RT   reference genome.";
RL   Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA   Quinitio C., Chen H., Kim C.J., Shinn P., Ecker J.R.;
RT   "Arabidopsis ORF Clones.";
RL   Submitted (OCT-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA   Feldmann K.A.;
RT   "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [6]
RP   FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=16766691; DOI=10.1105/tpc.105.039677;
RA   Mosher R.A., Durrant W.E., Wang D., Song J., Dong X.;
RT   "A comprehensive structure-function analysis of Arabidopsis SNI1
RT   defines essential regions and transcriptional repressor activity.";
RL   Plant Cell 18:1750-1765(2006).
RN   [7]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=17369431; DOI=10.1104/pp.106.095299;
RA   Kesarwani M., Yoo J., Dong X.;
RT   "Genetic interactions of TGA transcription factors in the regulation
RT   of pathogenesis-related genes and disease resistance in Arabidopsis.";
RL   Plant Physiol. 144:336-346(2007).
RN   [8]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=17360504; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0609357104;
RA   Durrant W.E., Wang S., Dong X.;
RT   "Arabidopsis SNI1 and RAD51D regulate both gene transcription and DNA
RT   recombination during the defense response.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:4223-4227(2007).
RN   [9]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=18321188; DOI=10.1094/MPMI-21-4-0424;
RA   Wubben M.J., Jin J., Baum T.J.;
RT   "Cyst nematode parasitism of Arabidopsis thaliana is inhibited by
RT   salicylic acid (SA) and elicits uncoupled SA-independent pathogenesis-
RT   related gene expression in roots.";
RL   Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 21:424-432(2008).
RN   [10]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=20935179; DOI=10.1104/pp.110.165563;
RA   Pape S., Thurow C., Gatz C.;
RT   "The Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter contains multiple integration sites for
RT   the coactivator NPR1 and the repressor SNI1.";
RL   Plant Physiol. 154:1805-1818(2010).
RN   [11]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=21149701; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1005978107;
RA   Wang S., Durrant W.E., Song J., Spivey N.W., Dong X.;
RT   "Arabidopsis BRCA2 and RAD51 proteins are specifically involved in
RT   defense gene transcription during plant immune responses.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107:22716-22721(2010).
RN   [12]
RP   FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND INTERACTION WITH SSN2.
RX   PubMed=21320694; DOI=10.1016/j.chom.2011.01.011;
RA   Song J., Durrant W.E., Wang S., Yan S., Tan E.H., Dong X.;
RT   "DNA repair proteins are directly involved in regulation of gene
RT   expression during plant immune response.";
RL   Cell Host Microbe 9:115-124(2011).
RN   [13]
RP   FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND INTERACTION WITH NTL9/CBNAC.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=22826500; DOI=10.1093/nar/gks683;
RA   Kim H.S., Park H.C., Kim K.E., Jung M.S., Han H.J., Kim S.H.,
RA   Kwon Y.S., Bahk S., An J., Bae D.W., Yun D.-J., Kwak S.-S.,
RA   Chung W.S.;
RT   "A NAC transcription factor and SNI1 cooperatively suppress basal
RT   pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   Nucleic Acids Res. 40:9182-9192(2012).
RN   [14]
RP   FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, AND INTERACTION WITH RAD17.
RX   PubMed=24207055; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2013.09.019;
RA   Yan S., Wang W., Marques J., Mohan R., Saleh A., Durrant W.E.,
RA   Song J., Dong X.;
RT   "Salicylic acid activates DNA damage responses to potentiate plant
RT   immunity.";
RL   Mol. Cell 52:602-610(2013).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved
CC       in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination
CC       (PubMed:24207055). Transcription repressor that prevents
CC       expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR) via histone
CC       modifications and binding negative cis-acting elements at their
CC       promoters (PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17369431, PubMed:20935179,
CC       PubMed:21320694). Negative regulator of hypersensitive response
CC       (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) required to dampen the
CC       basal expression of pathogenesis related (PR) genes
CC       (PubMed:10458608, PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17360504,
CC       PubMed:21149701). Functions synergistically with NTL9/CBNAC as
CC       negative regulator of pathogen-induced PR1 expression and basal
CC       resistance to a virulent strain of P.syringae (PubMed:22826500).
CC       Binds to the PR1 gene promoter to suppress defense response in the
CC       absence of pathogen challenge and is removed in response to
CC       induction (PubMed:21320694, PubMed:22826500). Regulates negatively
CC       both gene expression and DNA recombination during pathogen
CC       infection, thus being involved in short-term defense response and
CC       a long-term survival strategy (PubMed:17360504). Prevents
CC       effective immune responses that involve activation of DNA damage
CC       responses, probably by negatively regulating the DNA damage
CC       sensors RAD17 and ATR (PubMed:24207055). Negative regulator of
CC       defenses against the beet cyst nematode H.schachtii
CC       (PubMed:18321188). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17360504,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:17369431, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18321188,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:20935179, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21149701,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:21320694, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22826500,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24207055}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with SSN2 (PubMed:21320694). Binds to
CC       NTL9/CBNAC to promote its binding to promoters of target genes
CC       (PubMed:22826500). Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex which
CC       consists at least of SMC5 and SMC6B. Interacts with RAD17
CC       (PubMed:24207055). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21320694,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:22826500, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24207055}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691}. Note=Also detectable in some
CC       fluorescent loci peripheral to the nucleus.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed at low levels in the veins.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608}.
CC   -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Accumulation of DNA damage leading to
CC       constitutively activated DNA damage responses (DDR)
CC       (PubMed:24207055). Increased basal expression of pathogenesis-
CC       related (PR) genes (e.g. PR1) and hypersensitive response (HR)
CC       (PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17369431, PubMed:17360504,
CC       PubMed:20935179, PubMed:21149701, PubMed:21320694). Chromatin
CC       modifications at the PR-1 promoter that mimic induction (e.g. AcH3
CC       and MeH3K4) (PubMed:16766691). Dwarf plants with distorted leaves,
CC       reduced root length, early flowering and reduced fertility
CC       (PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17360504, PubMed:21320694). Decreased
CC       susceptibility to the beet cyst nematode H.schachtii
CC       (PubMed:18321188). Mutant plants display enhanced resistance to
CC       the bacterial pathogen P.syringae pv. tomato DC3000
CC       (PubMed:22826500). Constitutively elevated levels of somatic
CC       homologous recombination (PubMed:17360504). Suppressor of the
CC       npr1-1 mutant phenotypes, including systemic acquired resistance
CC       (SAR) and normal levels of PR1 restoration (PubMed:10458608,
CC       PubMed:20935179). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17360504,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:17369431, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18321188,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:20935179, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21149701,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:21320694, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22826500,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24207055}.
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DR   EMBL; AF169596; AAD50900.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AL021710; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002687; AEE84048.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BT029212; ABJ17147.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY084302; AAM60892.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_567557.1; NM_117959.1.
DR   IntAct; Q9SWA6; 6.
DR   STRING; 3702.AT4G18470.1; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q9SWA6; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q9SWA6; -.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470.
DR   GeneID; 827577; -.
DR   Gramene; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470.
DR   KEGG; ath:AT4G18470; -.
DR   Araport; AT4G18470; -.
DR   TAIR; locus:2124534; AT4G18470.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG410IF2Z; Eukaryota.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG410XZEF; LUCA.
DR   HOGENOM; HOG000239016; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q9SWA6; -.
DR   OMA; ELIMGSY; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 607346at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q9SWA6; -.
DR   PRO; PR:Q9SWA6; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; Q9SWA6; baseline and differential.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030915; C:Smc5-Smc6 complex; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0044212; F:transcription regulatory region DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006974; P:cellular response to DNA damage stimulus; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0002215; P:defense response to nematode; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006281; P:DNA repair; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0043966; P:histone H3 acetylation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0016570; P:histone modification; IMP:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0031348; P:negative regulation of defense response; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0051572; P:negative regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0010113; P:negative regulation of systemic acquired resistance; IMP:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; IDA:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0009626; P:plant-type hypersensitive response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0016444; P:somatic cell DNA recombination; IMP:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0009627; P:systemic acquired resistance; TAS:TAIR.
DR   InterPro; IPR034561; SNI1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR37243; PTHR37243; 2.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Complete proteome; DNA damage; DNA recombination; DNA repair;
KW   DNA-binding; Hypersensitive response; Nucleus; Plant defense;
KW   Reference proteome; Repressor; Transcription;
KW   Transcription regulation.
FT   CHAIN         1    432       Negative regulator of systemic acquired
FT                                resistance SNI1.
FT                                /FTId=PRO_0000438367.
FT   CONFLICT    142    142       L -> F (in Ref. 5; AAM60892).
FT                                {ECO:0000305}.
FT   CONFLICT    362    362       I -> V (in Ref. 5; AAM60892).
FT                                {ECO:0000305}.
SQ   SEQUENCE   432 AA;  48812 MW;  2A577F53213B0C3D CRC64;
     MSKETKGNNN TSRVMSGYGG SLEANTLAMI DSTGAKDSRD ANEDRLQYLE AVRAASLVPE
     NGIPPTNKMY QAIFRILRFG KTLELITASF QLLTQLHQRF PWVYVSDSAD QLDIVDEAWS
     PFNFGSDVDS DEKDLSVRSL FLQQLIQNMN KRVNESEESD LKILGNMFLF KYLAHVLKLD
     FTPRNQVYEE TMNWSLLKES FLNLLLASRK VNFKLLMKDY LSTMCASIDA DEKSISLVEL
     HKDMLTAMKE LLVMIMELDT SKKKADLEGI TSRGDGVRTP AMEIILDELT YDGYLLSKFL
     QVFDDPKWKL EIVLQYLTKY IPKPVVRTRR TTVPQAEDSK TLNGILKTFS NGTNPKNITK
     KIGPDIVQIL IGHAFLARLT FSDPHEGDSI SEICSSIISA FTSLKRVDQK IEILPFGKEV
     LFTAGMVLKA KA
//