ID SNI1_ARATH Reviewed; 432 AA. AC Q9SWA6; Q8LGF4; DT 30-NOV-2016, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-MAY-2000, sequence version 1. DT 16-JAN-2019, entry version 103. DE RecName: Full=Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance SNI1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608}; DE AltName: Full=Non-structural maintenance of chromosome element 5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24207055}; DE Short=Non-SMC element 5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24207055}; DE AltName: Full=Protein SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1, INDUCIBLE 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608}; DE Short=Suppressor of npr1-1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608}; GN Name=SNI1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10458608}; GN Synonyms=NSE5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24207055}; GN OrderedLocusNames=At4g18470 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT4G18470}; GN ORFNames=F28J12.3 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AL021710}; OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress). OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; OC Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; OC Arabidopsis. OX NCBI_TaxID=3702; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=10458608; DOI=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81962-5; RA Li X., Zhang Y., Clarke J.D., Li Y., Dong X.; RT "Identification and cloning of a negative regulator of systemic RT acquired resistance, SNI1, through a screen for suppressors of npr1- RT 1."; RL Cell 98:329-339(1999). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134; RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., RA Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., RA Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., RA Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., RA Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., RA Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., RA Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., RA Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J., RA van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F., RA Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E., RA Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M., RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., RA Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., RA Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., RA De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., RA van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., RA Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., RA Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., RA Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., RA Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S., RA Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A., RA Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E., RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., RA Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., RA Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., RA Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., RA Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., RA Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., RA Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., RA Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K., RA Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L., RA Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J., RA Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J., RA Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D., RA Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K., RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W., RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., RA Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., RA Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., RA Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., RA Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., RA Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., RA Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.; RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis RT thaliana."; RL Nature 402:769-777(1999). RN [3] RP GENOME REANNOTATION. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415; RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S., RA Town C.D.; RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana RT reference genome."; RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RA Quinitio C., Chen H., Kim C.J., Shinn P., Ecker J.R.; RT "Arabidopsis ORF Clones."; RL Submitted (OCT-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RA Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., RA Feldmann K.A.; RT "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [6] RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RX PubMed=16766691; DOI=10.1105/tpc.105.039677; RA Mosher R.A., Durrant W.E., Wang D., Song J., Dong X.; RT "A comprehensive structure-function analysis of Arabidopsis SNI1 RT defines essential regions and transcriptional repressor activity."; RL Plant Cell 18:1750-1765(2006). RN [7] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RX PubMed=17369431; DOI=10.1104/pp.106.095299; RA Kesarwani M., Yoo J., Dong X.; RT "Genetic interactions of TGA transcription factors in the regulation RT of pathogenesis-related genes and disease resistance in Arabidopsis."; RL Plant Physiol. 144:336-346(2007). RN [8] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RX PubMed=17360504; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0609357104; RA Durrant W.E., Wang S., Dong X.; RT "Arabidopsis SNI1 and RAD51D regulate both gene transcription and DNA RT recombination during the defense response."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:4223-4227(2007). RN [9] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RX PubMed=18321188; DOI=10.1094/MPMI-21-4-0424; RA Wubben M.J., Jin J., Baum T.J.; RT "Cyst nematode parasitism of Arabidopsis thaliana is inhibited by RT salicylic acid (SA) and elicits uncoupled SA-independent pathogenesis- RT related gene expression in roots."; RL Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 21:424-432(2008). RN [10] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=20935179; DOI=10.1104/pp.110.165563; RA Pape S., Thurow C., Gatz C.; RT "The Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter contains multiple integration sites for RT the coactivator NPR1 and the repressor SNI1."; RL Plant Physiol. 154:1805-1818(2010). RN [11] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=21149701; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1005978107; RA Wang S., Durrant W.E., Song J., Spivey N.W., Dong X.; RT "Arabidopsis BRCA2 and RAD51 proteins are specifically involved in RT defense gene transcription during plant immune responses."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107:22716-22721(2010). RN [12] RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND INTERACTION WITH SSN2. RX PubMed=21320694; DOI=10.1016/j.chom.2011.01.011; RA Song J., Durrant W.E., Wang S., Yan S., Tan E.H., Dong X.; RT "DNA repair proteins are directly involved in regulation of gene RT expression during plant immune response."; RL Cell Host Microbe 9:115-124(2011). RN [13] RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND INTERACTION WITH NTL9/CBNAC. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=22826500; DOI=10.1093/nar/gks683; RA Kim H.S., Park H.C., Kim K.E., Jung M.S., Han H.J., Kim S.H., RA Kwon Y.S., Bahk S., An J., Bae D.W., Yun D.-J., Kwak S.-S., RA Chung W.S.; RT "A NAC transcription factor and SNI1 cooperatively suppress basal RT pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Nucleic Acids Res. 40:9182-9192(2012). RN [14] RP FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, AND INTERACTION WITH RAD17. RX PubMed=24207055; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2013.09.019; RA Yan S., Wang W., Marques J., Mohan R., Saleh A., Durrant W.E., RA Song J., Dong X.; RT "Salicylic acid activates DNA damage responses to potentiate plant RT immunity."; RL Mol. Cell 52:602-610(2013). CC -!- FUNCTION: Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved CC in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination CC (PubMed:24207055). Transcription repressor that prevents CC expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR) via histone CC modifications and binding negative cis-acting elements at their CC promoters (PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17369431, PubMed:20935179, CC PubMed:21320694). Negative regulator of hypersensitive response CC (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) required to dampen the CC basal expression of pathogenesis related (PR) genes CC (PubMed:10458608, PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17360504, CC PubMed:21149701). Functions synergistically with NTL9/CBNAC as CC negative regulator of pathogen-induced PR1 expression and basal CC resistance to a virulent strain of P.syringae (PubMed:22826500). CC Binds to the PR1 gene promoter to suppress defense response in the CC absence of pathogen challenge and is removed in response to CC induction (PubMed:21320694, PubMed:22826500). Regulates negatively CC both gene expression and DNA recombination during pathogen CC infection, thus being involved in short-term defense response and CC a long-term survival strategy (PubMed:17360504). Prevents CC effective immune responses that involve activation of DNA damage CC responses, probably by negatively regulating the DNA damage CC sensors RAD17 and ATR (PubMed:24207055). Negative regulator of CC defenses against the beet cyst nematode H.schachtii CC (PubMed:18321188). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17360504, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17369431, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18321188, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20935179, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21149701, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:21320694, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22826500, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:24207055}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with SSN2 (PubMed:21320694). Binds to CC NTL9/CBNAC to promote its binding to promoters of target genes CC (PubMed:22826500). Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex which CC consists at least of SMC5 and SMC6B. Interacts with RAD17 CC (PubMed:24207055). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21320694, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:22826500, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24207055}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691}. Note=Also detectable in some CC fluorescent loci peripheral to the nucleus. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691}. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed at low levels in the veins. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Accumulation of DNA damage leading to CC constitutively activated DNA damage responses (DDR) CC (PubMed:24207055). Increased basal expression of pathogenesis- CC related (PR) genes (e.g. PR1) and hypersensitive response (HR) CC (PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17369431, PubMed:17360504, CC PubMed:20935179, PubMed:21149701, PubMed:21320694). Chromatin CC modifications at the PR-1 promoter that mimic induction (e.g. AcH3 CC and MeH3K4) (PubMed:16766691). Dwarf plants with distorted leaves, CC reduced root length, early flowering and reduced fertility CC (PubMed:16766691, PubMed:17360504, PubMed:21320694). Decreased CC susceptibility to the beet cyst nematode H.schachtii CC (PubMed:18321188). Mutant plants display enhanced resistance to CC the bacterial pathogen P.syringae pv. tomato DC3000 CC (PubMed:22826500). Constitutively elevated levels of somatic CC homologous recombination (PubMed:17360504). Suppressor of the CC npr1-1 mutant phenotypes, including systemic acquired resistance CC (SAR) and normal levels of PR1 restoration (PubMed:10458608, CC PubMed:20935179). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10458608, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16766691, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17360504, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17369431, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18321188, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20935179, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21149701, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:21320694, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22826500, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:24207055}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; AF169596; AAD50900.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AL021710; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE84048.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BT029212; ABJ17147.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY084302; AAM60892.1; -; mRNA. DR RefSeq; NP_567557.1; NM_117959.1. DR UniGene; At.11569; -. DR IntAct; Q9SWA6; 6. DR STRING; 3702.AT4G18470.1; -. DR PaxDb; Q9SWA6; -. DR PRIDE; Q9SWA6; -. DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470. DR GeneID; 827577; -. DR Gramene; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470.1; AT4G18470. DR KEGG; ath:AT4G18470; -. DR Araport; AT4G18470; -. DR TAIR; locus:2124534; AT4G18470. DR eggNOG; ENOG410IF2Z; Eukaryota. DR eggNOG; ENOG410XZEF; LUCA. DR HOGENOM; HOG000239016; -. DR InParanoid; Q9SWA6; -. DR OMA; ELIMGSY; -. DR OrthoDB; 607346at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; Q9SWA6; -. DR PRO; PR:Q9SWA6; -. DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4. DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9SWA6; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030915; C:Smc5-Smc6 complex; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0044212; F:transcription regulatory region DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006974; P:cellular response to DNA damage stimulus; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0002215; P:defense response to nematode; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006281; P:DNA repair; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0043966; P:histone H3 acetylation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0016570; P:histone modification; IMP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0031348; P:negative regulation of defense response; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0051572; P:negative regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0010113; P:negative regulation of systemic acquired resistance; IMP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009626; P:plant-type hypersensitive response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0016444; P:somatic cell DNA recombination; IMP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009627; P:systemic acquired resistance; TAS:TAIR. DR InterPro; IPR034561; SNI1. DR PANTHER; PTHR37243; PTHR37243; 2. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Complete proteome; DNA damage; DNA recombination; DNA repair; KW DNA-binding; Hypersensitive response; Nucleus; Plant defense; KW Reference proteome; Repressor; Transcription; KW Transcription regulation. FT CHAIN 1 432 Negative regulator of systemic acquired FT resistance SNI1. FT /FTId=PRO_0000438367. FT CONFLICT 142 142 L -> F (in Ref. 5; AAM60892). FT {ECO:0000305}. FT CONFLICT 362 362 I -> V (in Ref. 5; AAM60892). FT {ECO:0000305}. SQ SEQUENCE 432 AA; 48812 MW; 2A577F53213B0C3D CRC64; MSKETKGNNN TSRVMSGYGG SLEANTLAMI DSTGAKDSRD ANEDRLQYLE AVRAASLVPE NGIPPTNKMY QAIFRILRFG KTLELITASF QLLTQLHQRF PWVYVSDSAD QLDIVDEAWS PFNFGSDVDS DEKDLSVRSL FLQQLIQNMN KRVNESEESD LKILGNMFLF KYLAHVLKLD FTPRNQVYEE TMNWSLLKES FLNLLLASRK VNFKLLMKDY LSTMCASIDA DEKSISLVEL HKDMLTAMKE LLVMIMELDT SKKKADLEGI TSRGDGVRTP AMEIILDELT YDGYLLSKFL QVFDDPKWKL EIVLQYLTKY IPKPVVRTRR TTVPQAEDSK TLNGILKTFS NGTNPKNITK KIGPDIVQIL IGHAFLARLT FSDPHEGDSI SEICSSIISA FTSLKRVDQK IEILPFGKEV LFTAGMVLKA KA //