ID MED29_HUMAN Reviewed; 200 AA. AC Q9NX70; B4DNQ6; M0R2E4; Q5XX09; Q9NTF4; DT 29-MAY-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1. DT 29-MAY-2024, entry version 153. DE RecName: Full=Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 29; DE AltName: Full=Intersex-like protein; DE AltName: Full=Mediator complex subunit 29; GN Name=MED29; Synonyms=IXL; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RC TISSUE=Embryonic heart; RX PubMed=15555573; DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.159; RA Wang Y., Li Y., Zeng W., Zhu C., Xiao J., Yuan W., Wang Y., Cai Z., RA Zhou J., Liu M., Wu X.; RT "IXL, a new subunit of the mammalian Mediator complex, functions as a RT transcriptional suppressor."; RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 325:1330-1338(2004). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). RC TISSUE=Lung, and Signet-ring cell carcinoma; RX PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285; RA Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., RA Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., RA Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S., RA Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., RA Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., RA Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., RA Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., RA Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., RA Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., RA Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., RA Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., RA Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., RA Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., RA Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., RA Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., RA Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., RA Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., RA Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., RA Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., RA Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., RA Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., RA Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., RA Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., RA Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., RA Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., RA Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., RA Isogai T., Sugano S.; RT "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human RT cDNAs."; RL Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RC TISSUE=Testis; RX PubMed=17974005; DOI=10.1186/1471-2164-8-399; RA Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., RA Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., RA Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., RA Wiemann S., Schupp I.; RT "The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium."; RL BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=15057824; DOI=10.1038/nature02399; RA Grimwood J., Gordon L.A., Olsen A.S., Terry A., Schmutz J., Lamerdin J.E., RA Hellsten U., Goodstein D., Couronne O., Tran-Gyamfi M., Aerts A., RA Altherr M., Ashworth L., Bajorek E., Black S., Branscomb E., Caenepeel S., RA Carrano A.V., Caoile C., Chan Y.M., Christensen M., Cleland C.A., RA Copeland A., Dalin E., Dehal P., Denys M., Detter J.C., Escobar J., RA Flowers D., Fotopulos D., Garcia C., Georgescu A.M., Glavina T., Gomez M., RA Gonzales E., Groza M., Hammon N., Hawkins T., Haydu L., Ho I., Huang W., RA Israni S., Jett J., Kadner K., Kimball H., Kobayashi A., Larionov V., RA Leem S.-H., Lopez F., Lou Y., Lowry S., Malfatti S., Martinez D., RA McCready P.M., Medina C., Morgan J., Nelson K., Nolan M., Ovcharenko I., RA Pitluck S., Pollard M., Popkie A.P., Predki P., Quan G., Ramirez L., RA Rash S., Retterer J., Rodriguez A., Rogers S., Salamov A., Salazar A., RA She X., Smith D., Slezak T., Solovyev V., Thayer N., Tice H., Tsai M., RA Ustaszewska A., Vo N., Wagner M., Wheeler J., Wu K., Xie G., Yang J., RA Dubchak I., Furey T.S., DeJong P., Dickson M., Gordon D., Eichler E.E., RA Pennacchio L.A., Richardson P., Stubbs L., Rokhsar D.S., Myers R.M., RA Rubin E.M., Lucas S.M.; RT "The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19."; RL Nature 428:529-535(2004). RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RC TISSUE=Brain; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [6] RP IDENTIFICATION IN THE TRAP/SMCC MEDIATOR COMPLEX, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS RP SPECTROMETRY, AND INTERACTION WITH MED18 AND MED20. RX PubMed=14576168; DOI=10.1074/jbc.c300444200; RA Sato S., Tomomori-Sato C., Banks C.A.S., Parmely T.J., Sorokina I., RA Brower C.S., Conaway R.C., Conaway J.W.; RT "A mammalian homolog of Drosophila melanogaster transcriptional coactivator RT intersex is a subunit of the mammalian Mediator complex."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:49671-49674(2003). RN [7] RP IDENTIFICATION IN THE TRAP/SMCC MEDIATOR COMPLEX. RX PubMed=14638676; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m312523200; RA Tomomori-Sato C., Sato S., Parmely T.J., Banks C.A.S., Sorokina I., RA Florens L., Zybailov B., Washburn M.P., Brower C.S., Conaway R.C., RA Conaway J.W.; RT "A mammalian mediator subunit that shares properties with Saccharomyces RT cerevisiae mediator subunit Cse2."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:5846-5851(2004). RN [8] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND IDENTIFICATION IN THE MEDIATOR RP COMPLEX. RX PubMed=15175163; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2004.05.006; RA Sato S., Tomomori-Sato C., Parmely T.J., Florens L., Zybailov B., RA Swanson S.K., Banks C.A.S., Jin J., Cai Y., Washburn M.P., Conaway J.W., RA Conaway R.C.; RT "A set of consensus mammalian mediator subunits identified by RT multidimensional protein identification technology."; RL Mol. Cell 14:685-691(2004). RN [9] RP INTERACTION WITH CCNC; MED1; MED12; MED13; MED17; MED20 AND MED21, RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, IDENTIFICATION IN THE MEDIATOR RP COMPLEX, AND ASSOCIATION OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX WITH RNA POLYMERASE II. RX PubMed=15989967; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2005.05.015; RA Zhang X., Krutchinsky A., Fukuda A., Chen W., Yamamura S., Chait B.T., RA Roeder R.G.; RT "MED1/TRAP220 exists predominantly in a TRAP/Mediator subpopulation RT enriched in RNA polymerase II and is required for ER-mediated RT transcription."; RL Mol. Cell 19:89-100(2005). RN [10] RP ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ALA-2, CLEAVAGE OF INITIATOR RP METHIONINE [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY RP [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=19413330; DOI=10.1021/ac9004309; RA Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J., Mohammed S.; RT "Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a RT refined SCX-based approach."; RL Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009). CC -!- FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in CC the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent CC genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- CC specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II CC transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct CC interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the CC assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II CC and the general transcription factors. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15555573}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, CC MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, CC MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, CC MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CC CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct CC module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is CC less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting CC transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator CC complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously CC termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Associates with the CC MED18/MED20 heteromer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14576168, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:14638676, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15175163, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15989967}. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC Q9NX70; Q9NYB9-2: ABI2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-11096309; CC Q9NX70; Q9P2A4: ABI3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-742038; CC Q9NX70; O75934: BCAS2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-1050106; CC Q9NX70; Q14232: EIF2B1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-491065; CC Q9NX70; Q9BUE0: MED18; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-394640; CC Q9NX70; A0JLT2: MED19; NbExp=8; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-394430; CC Q9NX70; Q9H944: MED20; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-394644; CC Q9NX70; Q15528: MED22; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-394687; CC Q9NX70; Q9H204: MED28; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-514199; CC Q9NX70; O75586: MED6; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-394624; CC Q9NX70; Q9H7Z3: NRDE2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-1042642; CC Q9NX70; A1L4H1: SSC5D; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-10172867; CC Q9NX70; Q9D8C6: Med11; Xeno; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-6260909; CC Q9NX70; Q9R0X0: Med20; Xeno; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-398698; CC Q9NX70; Q9CQI9: Med30; Xeno; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-309220; CC Q9NX70; Q9D7W5: Med8; Xeno; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-394656, EBI-7990252; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15555573}. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; CC Name=1; CC IsoId=Q9NX70-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC Name=2; CC IsoId=Q9NX70-2; Sequence=VSP_056133, VSP_056134; CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed in embryo and adult. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15555573}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 29 family. CC {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION: CC Sequence=AAU43732.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; AY729650; AAU43732.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK000411; BAA91147.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK298014; BAG60318.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AL137304; CAB70687.2; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AC005239; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AC011500; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AC104106; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BC019015; AAH19015.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS33021.2; -. [Q9NX70-1] DR CCDS; CCDS92614.1; -. [Q9NX70-2] DR PIR; T46497; T46497. DR RefSeq; NP_001304699.1; NM_001317770.1. [Q9NX70-2] DR RefSeq; NP_060062.1; NM_017592.2. [Q9NX70-1] DR PDB; 7EMF; EM; 3.50 A; 2=1-200. DR PDB; 7ENA; EM; 4.07 A; b=1-200. DR PDB; 7ENC; EM; 4.13 A; b=1-200. DR PDB; 7ENJ; EM; 4.40 A; 2=1-200. DR PDB; 7LBM; EM; 4.80 A; p=1-200. DR PDB; 8GXQ; EM; 5.04 A; b=1-200. DR PDB; 8GXS; EM; 4.16 A; b=1-200. DR PDBsum; 7EMF; -. DR PDBsum; 7ENA; -. DR PDBsum; 7ENC; -. DR PDBsum; 7ENJ; -. DR PDBsum; 7LBM; -. DR PDBsum; 8GXQ; -. DR PDBsum; 8GXS; -. DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9NX70; -. DR EMDB; EMD-23255; -. DR EMDB; EMD-31191; -. DR EMDB; EMD-31204; -. DR EMDB; EMD-31207; -. DR EMDB; EMD-31211; -. DR EMDB; EMD-34359; -. DR EMDB; EMD-34360; -. DR SMR; Q9NX70; -. DR BioGRID; 120734; 107. DR ComplexPortal; CPX-3227; Core mediator complex. DR CORUM; Q9NX70; -. DR IntAct; Q9NX70; 104. DR MINT; Q9NX70; -. DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000481733; -. DR GlyGen; Q9NX70; 1 site, 1 O-linked glycan (1 site). DR iPTMnet; Q9NX70; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; Q9NX70; -. DR BioMuta; MED29; -. DR DMDM; 74734688; -. DR EPD; Q9NX70; -. DR jPOST; Q9NX70; -. DR MassIVE; Q9NX70; -. DR MaxQB; Q9NX70; -. DR PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000314343; -. DR PeptideAtlas; Q9NX70; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 83050; -. [Q9NX70-1] DR Pumba; Q9NX70; -. DR Antibodypedia; 30311; 79 antibodies from 19 providers. DR DNASU; 55588; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000315588.11; ENSP00000314343.5; ENSG00000063322.15. [Q9NX70-1] DR Ensembl; ENST00000594368.5; ENSP00000472501.2; ENSG00000063322.15. [Q9NX70-2] DR GeneID; 55588; -. DR KEGG; hsa:55588; -. DR MANE-Select; ENST00000315588.11; ENSP00000314343.5; NM_017592.4; NP_060062.2. DR UCSC; uc060ykk.1; human. [Q9NX70-1] DR AGR; HGNC:23074; -. DR CTD; 55588; -. DR DisGeNET; 55588; -. DR GeneCards; MED29; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:23074; MED29. DR HPA; ENSG00000063322; Low tissue specificity. DR MIM; 612914; gene. DR neXtProt; NX_Q9NX70; -. DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000063322; -. DR PharmGKB; PA162395655; -. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000063322; -. DR eggNOG; ENOG502QRNJ; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000007540; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_1312718_0_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; Q9NX70; -. DR OrthoDB; 2904026at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; Q9NX70; -. DR TreeFam; TF326632; -. DR PathwayCommons; Q9NX70; -. DR Reactome; R-HSA-1989781; PPARA activates gene expression. DR Reactome; R-HSA-381340; Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation. DR Reactome; R-HSA-9833110; RSV-host interactions. DR SignaLink; Q9NX70; -. DR SIGNOR; Q9NX70; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 55588; 419 hits in 1166 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; MED29; human. DR GenomeRNAi; 55588; -. DR Pharos; Q9NX70; Tbio. DR PRO; PR:Q9NX70; -. DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 19. DR RNAct; Q9NX70; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSG00000063322; Expressed in prefrontal cortex and 183 other cell types or tissues. DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9NX70; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0070847; C:core mediator complex; IPI:ComplexPortal. DR GO; GO:0016592; C:mediator complex; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IDA:HPA. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:ComplexPortal. DR GO; GO:0003712; F:transcription coregulator activity; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0032968; P:positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II; NAS:ComplexPortal. DR GO; GO:0060261; P:positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II; NAS:ComplexPortal. DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0051123; P:RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly; NAS:ComplexPortal. DR InterPro; IPR021018; Mediator_Med29_met. DR PANTHER; PTHR28314; MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 29; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR28314:SF1; MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 29; 1. DR Pfam; PF11568; Med29; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Acetylation; Activator; Alternative splicing; Nucleus; KW Reference proteome; Transcription; Transcription regulation. FT INIT_MET 1 FT /note="Removed" FT /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:19413330" FT CHAIN 2..200 FT /note="Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit FT 29" FT /id="PRO_0000288058" FT REGION 1..48 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT COMPBIAS 1..26 FT /note="Polar residues" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT MOD_RES 2 FT /note="N-acetylalanine" FT /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:19413330" FT VAR_SEQ 121..196 FT /note="RLAHECLSQSCDSAKHSPTLVPTATKPDAVQPDSLPYPQYLAVIKAQISCAK FT DIHTALLDCANKVTGKTPAPPAGP -> PPSPTQCSLTASPTHSTWRSSKPRFPVPRTF FT TPPCWTVPTRSRARHPHHLLALGALCEVGDREWGRQWLVGGVQRE (in isoform FT 2)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039" FT /id="VSP_056133" FT VAR_SEQ 197..200 FT /note="Missing (in isoform 2)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039" FT /id="VSP_056134" FT HELIX 56..89 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7EMF" FT HELIX 102..135 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7EMF" FT HELIX 157..185 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7EMF" SQ SEQUENCE 200 AA; 21073 MW; E0CDA1DDD89635CA CRC64; MAASQQQASA ASSAAGVSGP SSAGGPGPQQ QPQPPAQLVG PAQSGLLQQQ QQDFDPVQRY KMLIPQLKES LQTLMKVAAQ NLIQNTNIDN GQKSSDGPIQ RFDKCLEEFY ALCDQLELCL RLAHECLSQS CDSAKHSPTL VPTATKPDAV QPDSLPYPQY LAVIKAQISC AKDIHTALLD CANKVTGKTP APPAGPGGTL //