ID C71BF_ARATH Reviewed; 490 AA. AC Q9LW27; Q541X4; DT 27-APR-2001, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1. DT 31-OCT-2012, entry version 83. DE RecName: Full=Bifunctional dihydrocamalexate synthase/camalexin synthase; DE EC=1.-.-.-; DE EC=1.3.1.n2; DE AltName: Full=Cytochrome P450 71B15; DE AltName: Full=Dihydrocamalexate:NADP(+) oxidoreductase (decarboxylating); DE AltName: Full=Protein PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 3; GN Name=CYP71B15; Synonyms=PAD3; OrderedLocusNames=At3g26830; GN ORFNames=MDJ14.15; OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress). OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; eudicotyledons; core eudicotyledons; OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis. OX NCBI_TaxID=3702; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX MEDLINE=20277480; PubMed=10819329; DOI=10.1093/dnares/7.2.131; RA Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S.; RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence RT features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC RT clones."; RL DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000). RN [2] RP GENOME REANNOTATION. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RG The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR); RL Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX MEDLINE=21932900; PubMed=11910074; DOI=10.1126/science.1071006; RA Seki M., Narusaka M., Kamiya A., Ishida J., Satou M., Sakurai T., RA Nakajima M., Enju A., Akiyama K., Oono Y., Muramatsu M., RA Hayashizaki Y., Kawai J., Carninci P., Itoh M., Ishii Y., Arakawa T., RA Shibata K., Shinagawa A., Shinozaki K.; RT "Functional annotation of a full-length Arabidopsis cDNA collection."; RL Science 296:141-145(2002). RN [4] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RX PubMed=8090752; DOI=10.1073/pnas.91.19.8955; RA Glazebrook J., Ausubel F.M.; RT "Isolation of phytoalexin-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana RT and characterization of their interactions with bacterial pathogens."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:8955-8959(1994). RN [5] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RX PubMed=10476063; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00513.x; RA Thomma B.P., Nelissen I., Eggermont K., Broekaert W.F.; RT "Deficiency in phytoalexin production causes enhanced susceptibility RT of Arabidopsis thaliana to the fungus Alternaria brassicicola."; RL Plant J. 19:163-171(1999). RN [6] RP FUNCTION, INDUCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-176. RX PubMed=10590168; DOI=10.1105/tpc.11.12.2419; RA Zhou N., Tootle T.L., Glazebrook J.; RT "Arabidopsis PAD3, a gene required for camalexin biosynthesis, encodes RT a putative cytochrome P450 monooxygenase."; RL Plant Cell 11:2419-2428(1999). RN [7] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=11722772; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313X.2001.01148.x; RA Roetschi A., Si-Ammour A., Belbahri L., Mauch F., Mauch-Mani B.; RT "Characterization of an Arabidopsis-Phytophthora pathosystem: RT resistance requires a functional PAD2 gene and is independent of RT salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling."; RL Plant J. 28:293-305(2001). RN [8] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=11884688; DOI=10.1105/tpc.010481; RA Kus J.V., Zaton K., Sarkar R., Cameron R.K.; RT "Age-related resistance in Arabidopsis is a developmentally regulated RT defense response to Pseudomonas syringae."; RL Plant Cell 14:479-490(2002). RN [9] RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RX PubMed=12848825; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01794.x; RA Ferrari S., Plotnikova J.M., De Lorenzo G., Ausubel F.M.; RT "Arabidopsis local resistance to Botrytis cinerea involves salicylic RT acid and camalexin and requires EDS4 and PAD2, but not SID2, EDS5 or RT PAD4."; RL Plant J. 35:193-205(2003). RN [10] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=14675428; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01927.x; RA Bohman S., Staal J., Thomma B.P., Wang M., Dixelius C.; RT "Characterisation of an Arabidopsis-Leptosphaeria maculans RT pathosystem: resistance partially requires camalexin biosynthesis and RT is independent of salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid RT signalling."; RL Plant J. 37:9-20(2004). RN [11] RP INDUCTION. RX PubMed=16769150; DOI=10.1016/j.jplph.2006.04.012; RA Schuhegger R., Rauhut T., Glawischnig E.; RT "Regulatory variability of camalexin biosynthesis."; RL J. Plant Physiol. 164:636-644(2007). RN [12] RP FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, AND RP INDUCTION. RX PubMed=16766671; DOI=10.1104/pp.106.082024; RA Schuhegger R., Nafisi M., Mansourova M., Petersen B.L., Olsen C.E., RA Svatos A., Halkier B.A., Glawischnig E.; RT "CYP71B15 (PAD3) catalyzes the final step in camalexin biosynthesis."; RL Plant Physiol. 141:1248-1254(2006). RN [13] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=20507477; DOI=10.1111/j.1364-3703.2006.00367.x; RA van Baarlen P., Woltering E.J., Staats M., van Kan J.A.; RT "Histochemical and genetic analysis of host and non-host interactions RT of Arabidopsis with three Botrytis species: an important role for cell RT death control."; RL Mol. Plant Pathol. 8:41-54(2007). RN [14] RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=17573535; DOI=10.1105/tpc.107.051383; RA Nafisi M., Goregaoker S., Botanga C.J., Glawischnig E., Olsen C.E., RA Halkier B.A., Glazebrook J.; RT "Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 71A13 catalyzes the RT conversion of indole-3-acetaldoxime in camalexin synthesis."; RL Plant Cell 19:2039-2052(2007). RN [15] RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=17384165; DOI=10.1104/pp.107.095596; RA Ferrari S., Galletti R., Denoux C., De Lorenzo G., Ausubel F.M., RA Dewdney J.; RT "Resistance to Botrytis cinerea induced in Arabidopsis by elicitors is RT independent of salicylic acid, ethylene, or jasmonate signaling but RT requires PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3."; RL Plant Physiol. 144:367-379(2007). RN [16] RP INDUCTION. RX PubMed=18650934; DOI=10.1038/emboj.2008.147; RA Qiu J.L., Fiil B.K., Petersen K., Nielsen H.B., Botanga C.J., RA Thorgrimsen S., Palma K., Suarez-Rodriguez M.C., Sandbech-Clausen S., RA Lichota J., Brodersen P., Grasser K.D., Mattsson O., Glazebrook J., RA Mundy J., Petersen M.; RT "Arabidopsis MAP kinase 4 regulates gene expression through RT transcription factor release in the nucleus."; RL EMBO J. 27:2214-2221(2008). RN [17] RP INDUCTION BY OLIGOGALACTURONIDES. RX PubMed=18790995; DOI=10.1104/pp.108.127845; RA Galletti R., Denoux C., Gambetta S., Dewdney J., Ausubel F.M., RA De Lorenzo G., Ferrari S.; RT "The AtrbohD-mediated oxidative burst elicited by oligogalacturonides RT in Arabidopsis is dispensable for the activation of defense responses RT effective against Botrytis cinerea."; RL Plant Physiol. 148:1695-1706(2008). RN [18] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=18567828; DOI=10.1104/pp.108.121335; RA Chanda B., Venugopal S.C., Kulshrestha S., Navarre D.A., Downie B., RA Vaillancourt L., Kachroo A., Kachroo P.; RT "Glycerol-3-phosphate levels are associated with basal resistance to RT the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum in RT Arabidopsis."; RL Plant Physiol. 147:2017-2029(2008). RN [19] RP FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY. RX PubMed=19567706; DOI=10.1105/tpc.109.066670; RA Boettcher C., Westphal L., Schmotz C., Prade E., Scheel D., RA Glawischnig E.; RT "The multifunctional enzyme CYP71B15 (PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3) converts RT cysteine-indole-3-acetonitrile to camalexin in the indole-3- RT acetonitrile metabolic network of Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Plant Cell 21:1830-1845(2009). RN [20] RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=19154205; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03794.x; RA Stefanato F.L., Abou-Mansour E., Buchala A., Kretschmer M., RA Mosbach A., Hahn M., Bochet C.G., Metraux J.P., Schoonbeek H.J.; RT "The ABC transporter BcatrB from Botrytis cinerea exports camalexin RT and is a virulence factor on Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Plant J. 58:499-510(2009). CC -!- FUNCTION: Multifunctional enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of CC the indole-derived phytoalexin camalexin. Catalyzes two reactions, CC the formation of dihydrocamalexate from indole-3-acetonitrile- CC cysteine conjugate and the oxidative decarboxylation of CC dihydrocamalexate which is the final step in camalexin CC biosynthesis. Required for the resistance to the fungal pathogens CC Altenaria brassicicola, Botrytis cinerea, B.elliptica, B. tulipae, CC Leptosphaeria maculans and Colletotrichum higginsianum. Seems not CC required for resistance to Pseudomonas syringae, Phytophtora porri CC and not involved in age-related resistance. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Indole-3-acetonitrile-cysteine conjugate + CC NADPH = dihydrocamalexate + hydrogen cyanide + NADP(+). CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Dihydrocamalexate + NADP(+) = camalexin + CC CO(2) + NADPH. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein CC (Potential). CC -!- INDUCTION: By salicylic acid, flagellin, oligogalacturonides, CC silver nitrate, UV-C and infection with A.alternata and various CC strains of P.syringae. Activated by the transcription factor CC WRKY33 upon infection with P.syringae. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: No visible phenotype under normal growth CC conditions, but deficient in the phytoalexin camalexin CC accumulation upon bacterial infection and markedly increased CC susceptibility to infection by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria CC brassicicola. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; AB016889; BAB01230.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CP002686; AEE77220.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AK117967; BAC42604.1; -; mRNA. DR IPI; IPI00544124; -. DR RefSeq; NP_189318.1; NM_113595.3. DR UniGene; At.6033; -. DR ProteinModelPortal; Q9LW27; -. DR SMR; Q9LW27; 23-470. DR STRING; Q9LW27; -. DR PRIDE; Q9LW27; -. DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G26830.1; AT3G26830.1; AT3G26830. DR GeneID; 822298; -. DR GenomeReviews; BA000014_GR; AT3G26830. DR KEGG; ath:AT3G26830; -. DR GeneFarm; 1219; 94. DR TAIR; At3g26830; -. DR eggNOG; COG2124; -. DR HOGENOM; HOG000218629; -. DR InParanoid; Q9LW27; -. DR KO; K00517; -. DR OMA; INDLECC; -. DR PhylomeDB; Q9LW27; -. DR ProtClustDB; CLSN2915541; -. DR BioCyc; ARA:AT3G26830-MONOMER; -. DR BioCyc; MetaCyc:AT3G26830-MONOMER; -. DR ArrayExpress; Q9LW27; -. DR Genevestigator; Q9LW27; -. DR GermOnline; AT3G26830; Arabidopsis thaliana. DR GO; GO:0005783; C:endoplasmic reticulum; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral to membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0010298; F:dihydrocamalexic acid decarboxylase activity; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009055; F:electron carrier activity; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0020037; F:heme binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0004497; F:monooxygenase activity; ISS:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0016705; F:oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0016628; F:oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor; IEA:EC. DR GO; GO:0010120; P:camalexin biosynthetic process; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0006952; P:defense response; IMP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0010112; P:regulation of systemic acquired resistance; IEP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009737; P:response to abscisic acid stimulus; IEP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009617; P:response to bacterium; IEP:TAIR. DR Gene3D; G3DSA:1.10.630.10; Cyt_P450; 1. DR InterPro; IPR001128; Cyt_P450. DR InterPro; IPR017972; Cyt_P450_CS. DR InterPro; IPR002401; Cyt_P450_E_grp-I. DR Pfam; PF00067; p450; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00463; EP450I. DR PRINTS; PR00385; P450. DR SUPFAM; SSF48264; Cytochrome_P450; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00086; CYTOCHROME_P450; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Complete proteome; Membrane; NADP; Oxidoreductase; Plant defense; KW Reference proteome; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix. FT CHAIN 1 490 Bifunctional dihydrocamalexate FT synthase/camalexin synthase. FT /FTId=PRO_0000052093. FT TRANSMEM 1 21 Helical; (Potential). FT MUTAGEN 176 176 G->E: In pad3-2. SQ SEQUENCE 490 AA; 56061 MW; B8F84D85F252668D CRC64; MSVFLCFLVL LPLILIFLNV LKPSKYKLPP GPKKLPIIGN LHQRRTLHPR NRRNLAEMYG PVALLQYGFV PVVAISSKEA AEEVLKINDL ECCSRPEAAG MRATFYNFKD IGMAPFGDEW SLMRKLSVVE LFSVKKLQSF KYIIEEENNL CVKKLSEFAT RQSPVNLERA IFTLVGNIVC RIGYGINLYE CDFFEADRVV DLVLKAEAVI RETVFSDFFP GRIGRFIDCI SGQNRRLKNN FSVVDTFFQN VLNEHLKPGR ESSTIVDLMI DMKKKQENDG DALKFTTDHL KGMISDIFVA GIGGVAGITL WGMTELIRNP RVMKKVQDEI RTTLGDKKER IKEEDLNQLH YFKLVVKETL RLHPTTPLLL PRQTMSHIKI QGYDVPAKTQ ILVNVYAMGR DPKLWENADE FNPDRFLDSS VDFKGKNYEF IPFGSGRRIC PGMTMGTILV EMALLNLLYF FDWGLAKQEE AKEIINGEEN FLAFFQVLHH //