ID   SYCM_HUMAN              Reviewed;         564 AA.
AC   Q9HA77; Q8NI84; Q96IV4;
DT   03-OCT-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAR-2001, sequence version 1.
DT   28-NOV-2012, entry version 102.
DE   RecName: Full=Probable cysteine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial;
DE            EC=6.1.1.16;
DE   AltName: Full=Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase;
DE            Short=CysRS;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=CARS2; ORFNames=OK/SW-cl.10;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC   Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
OC   Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Mammary gland;
RX   PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285;
RA   Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R.,
RA   Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H.,
RA   Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S.,
RA   Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K.,
RA   Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A.,
RA   Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M.,
RA   Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y.,
RA   Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M.,
RA   Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K.,
RA   Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S.,
RA   Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J.,
RA   Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y.,
RA   Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N.,
RA   Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S.,
RA   Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S.,
RA   Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O.,
RA   Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H.,
RA   Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B.,
RA   Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y.,
RA   Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T.,
RA   Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y.,
RA   Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S.,
RA   Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T.,
RA   Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M.,
RA   Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T.,
RA   Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K.,
RA   Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R.,
RA   Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.;
RT   "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human
RT   cDNAs.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=15057823; DOI=10.1038/nature02379;
RA   Dunham A., Matthews L.H., Burton J., Ashurst J.L., Howe K.L.,
RA   Ashcroft K.J., Beare D.M., Burford D.C., Hunt S.E.,
RA   Griffiths-Jones S., Jones M.C., Keenan S.J., Oliver K., Scott C.E.,
RA   Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews D.T.,
RA   Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Bannerjee R.,
RA   Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beasley H., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S.,
RA   Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burrill W., Carder C., Carter N.P.,
RA   Chapman J.C., Clamp M.E., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M.,
RA   Clegg S.C., Cobley V., Collins J.E., Corby N., Coville G.J.,
RA   Deloukas P., Dhami P., Dunham I., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E.,
RA   Ellington A.G., Faulkner L., Frankish A.G., Frankland J., French L.,
RA   Garner P., Garnett J., Gilbert J.G.R., Gilson C.J., Ghori J.,
RA   Grafham D.V., Gribble S.M., Griffiths C., Hall R.E., Hammond S.,
RA   Harley J.L., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Howden P.J., Huckle E.J.,
RA   Hunt P.J., Hunt A.R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kay M., Kimberley A.M.,
RA   King A., Laird G.K., Langford C.J., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A.,
RA   Lloyd D.M., Lloyd C., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S.,
RA   Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., McLaren S.J., McMurray A., Milne S.,
RA   Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I.,
RA   Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K.M., Rice C.M., Searle S.,
RA   Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C.A.,
RA   Sycamore N., Tester J., Thomas D.W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B.,
RA   Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., Whitehead S.L., Willey D.L.,
RA   Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wright M.W., Young L., Coulson A., Durbin R.M.,
RA   Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Beck S., Bentley D.R., Rogers J., Ross M.T.;
RT   "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.";
RL   Nature 428:522-528(2004).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], AND VARIANT PRO-555.
RC   TISSUE=Lung;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA
RT   project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 2-564.
RC   TISSUE=Colon adenocarcinoma;
RA   Shichijo S., Itoh K.;
RT   "Identification of immuno-peptidmics that recognized by tumor-reactive
RT   CTL generated from TIL of colon cancer patients.";
RL   Submitted (MAY-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   IDENTIFICATION.
RX   PubMed=15779907; DOI=10.1021/bi047527z;
RA   Bonnefond L., Fender A., Rudinger-Thirion J., Giege R., Florentz C.,
RA   Sissler M.;
RT   "Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA
RT   synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS.";
RL   Biochemistry 44:4805-4816(2005).
RN   [6]
RP   ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-329, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RX   PubMed=19608861; DOI=10.1126/science.1175371;
RA   Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T.,
RA   Olsen J.V., Mann M.;
RT   "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major
RT   cellular functions.";
RL   Science 325:834-840(2009).
RN   [7]
RP   IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX   PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17;
RA   Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P.,
RA   Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.;
RT   "Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";
RL   BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011).
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + L-cysteine + tRNA(Cys) = AMP +
CC       diphosphate + L-cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys).
CC   -!- COFACTOR: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit (By similarity).
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix (By similarity).
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
CC       family.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=BAB93499.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
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DR   EMBL; AK022180; BAB13978.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AL157820; CAI16971.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AL139385; CAI16971.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AL139385; CAI17004.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AL157820; CAI17004.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC007220; AAH07220.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AB062436; BAB93499.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR   IPI; IPI00336016; -.
DR   RefSeq; NP_078813.1; NM_024537.2.
DR   UniGene; Hs.508725; -.
DR   HSSP; P21888; 1LI5.
DR   ProteinModelPortal; Q9HA77; -.
DR   SMR; Q9HA77; 51-552.
DR   IntAct; Q9HA77; 1.
DR   STRING; Q9HA77; -.
DR   PhosphoSite; Q9HA77; -.
DR   DMDM; 74761587; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q9HA77; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; Q9HA77; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q9HA77; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000257347; ENSP00000257347; ENSG00000134905.
DR   GeneID; 79587; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:79587; -.
DR   UCSC; uc001vrd.2; human.
DR   CTD; 79587; -.
DR   GeneCards; GC13M111293; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:25695; CARS2.
DR   MIM; 612800; gene.
DR   neXtProt; NX_Q9HA77; -.
DR   PharmGKB; PA162381083; -.
DR   eggNOG; COG0215; -.
DR   HOGENOM; HOG000245250; -.
DR   HOVERGEN; HBG094012; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q9HA77; -.
DR   KO; K01883; -.
DR   OMA; HAYSTAK; -.
DR   OrthoDB; EOG4B8JCV; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q9HA77; -.
DR   Reactome; REACT_71; Gene Expression.
DR   DrugBank; DB00151; L-Cysteine.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 79587; -.
DR   NextBio; 68590; -.
DR   ArrayExpress; Q9HA77; -.
DR   Bgee; Q9HA77; -.
DR   CleanEx; HS_CARS2; -.
DR   Genevestigator; Q9HA77; -.
DR   GermOnline; ENSG00000134905; Homo sapiens.
DR   GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; IBA:RefGenome.
DR   GO; GO:0005759; C:mitochondrial matrix; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0004817; F:cysteine-tRNA ligase activity; IBA:RefGenome.
DR   GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006423; P:cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation; IBA:RefGenome.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.50.620; Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold; 2.
DR   InterPro; IPR015803; Cys-tRNA-ligase.
DR   InterPro; IPR024909; Cys-tRNA/MSH_ligase.
DR   InterPro; IPR014729; Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold.
DR   InterPro; IPR009080; tRNAsynth_1a_anticodon-bd.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR10890; PTHR10890; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF01406; tRNA-synt_1e; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00983; TRNASYNTHCYS.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47323; tRNAsyn_1a_bind; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR00435; cysS; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00178; AA_TRNA_LIGASE_I; FALSE_NEG.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Acetylation; Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; ATP-binding;
KW   Complete proteome; Ligase; Metal-binding; Mitochondrion;
KW   Nucleotide-binding; Polymorphism; Protein biosynthesis;
KW   Reference proteome; Transit peptide; Zinc.
FT   TRANSIT       1      ?       Mitochondrion (Potential).
FT   CHAIN         ?    564       Probable cysteine--tRNA ligase,
FT                                mitochondrial.
FT                                /FTId=PRO_0000250741.
FT   MOTIF        80     90       "HIGH" region.
FT   MOTIF       317    321       "KMSKS" region.
FT   METAL        78     78       Zinc (By similarity).
FT   METAL       257    257       Zinc (By similarity).
FT   METAL       282    282       Zinc (By similarity).
FT   METAL       286    286       Zinc (By similarity).
FT   BINDING     320    320       ATP (By similarity).
FT   MOD_RES     329    329       N6-acetyllysine.
FT   VARIANT     440    440       E -> K (in dbSNP:rs965189).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_034523.
FT   VARIANT     555    555       Q -> P (in dbSNP:rs1043886).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_034524.
FT   CONFLICT    182    202       RGNAYSTAKGNVYFDLKSRGD -> SWERLFNGKRQCLLRS
FT                                ESLEET (in Ref. 4; BAB93499).
FT   CONFLICT    207    223       LVGVVPGPVGEPADSDK -> IGRRGPWSSPETSGLLTS
FT                                (in Ref. 4; BAB93499).
FT   CONFLICT    227    227       S -> N (in Ref. 4; BAB93499).
SQ   SEQUENCE   564 AA;  62224 MW;  92F8B615E6657D50 CRC64;
     MLRTTRGPGL GPPLLQAALG LGRAGWHWPA GRAASGGRGR AWLQPTGRET GVQVYNSLTG
     RKEPLIVAHA EAASWYSCGP TVYDHAHLGH ACSYVRFDII RRILTKVFGC SIVMVMGITD
     VDDKIIKRAN EMNISPASLA SLYEEDFKQD MAALKVLPPT VYLRVTENIP QIISFIEGII
     ARGNAYSTAK GNVYFDLKSR GDKYGKLVGV VPGPVGEPAD SDKRHASDFA LWKAAKPQEV
     FWASPWGPGR PGWHIECSAI ASMVFGSQLD IHSGGIDLAF PHHENEIAQC EVFHQCEQWG
     NYFLHSGHLH AKGKEEKMSK SLKNYITIKD FLKTFSPDVF RFFCLRSSYR SAIDYSDSAM
     LQAQQLLLGL GSFLEDARAY MKGQLACGSV REAMLWERLS STKRAVKAAL ADDFDTPRVV
     DAILGLAHHG NGQLRASLKE PEGPRSPAVF GAIISYFEQF FETVGISLAN QQYVSGDGSE
     ATLHGVVDEL VRFRQKVRQF ALAMPEATGD ARRQQLLERQ PLLEACDTLR RGLTAHGINI
     KDRSSTTSTW ELLDQRTKDQ KSAG
//