ID APH1A_HUMAN STANDARD; PRT; 265 AA. AC Q96BI3; Q969R6; Q9BVG0; Q9Y386; DT 26-SEP-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-DEC-2001, sequence version 1. DT 16-MAY-2006, entry version 38. DE Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A (APH-1a) (Aph-1alpha) (Presenilin- DE stabilization factor). GN Name=APH1A; Synonyms=PSF; ORFNames=CGI-78, UNQ579/PRO1141; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH PSEN1; RP PSEN2 AND NCSTN. RC TISSUE=Glioblastoma; RX MEDLINE=22323322; PubMed=12297508; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M208164200; RA Lee S.-F., Shah S., Li H., Yu C., Han W., Yu G.; RT "Mammalian APH-1 interacts with presenilin and nicastrin and is RT required for intramembrane proteolysis of amyloid-beta precursor RT protein and Notch."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 277:45013-45019(2002). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). RA Lee H.-J., Kim T.-W.; RT "PSF is essential for gamma-secretase activity and stabilization of RT presenilin and nicastrin."; RL Submitted (MAY-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). RX MEDLINE=20272150; PubMed=10810093; DOI=10.1101/gr.10.5.703; RA Lai C.-H., Chou C.-Y., Ch'ang L.-Y., Liu C.-S., Lin W.-C.; RT "Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in RT Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics."; RL Genome Res. 10:703-713(2000). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). RX MEDLINE=22887296; PubMed=12975309; DOI=10.1101/gr.1293003; RA Clark H.F., Gurney A.L., Abaya E., Baker K., Baldwin D.T., Brush J., RA Chen J., Chow B., Chui C., Crowley C., Currell B., Deuel B., Dowd P., RA Eaton D., Foster J.S., Grimaldi C., Gu Q., Hass P.E., Heldens S., RA Huang A., Kim H.S., Klimowski L., Jin Y., Johnson S., Lee J., RA Lewis L., Liao D., Mark M.R., Robbie E., Sanchez C., Schoenfeld J., RA Seshagiri S., Simmons L., Singh J., Smith V., Stinson J., Vagts A., RA Vandlen R.L., Watanabe C., Wieand D., Woods K., Xie M.-H., RA Yansura D.G., Yi S., Yu G., Yuan J., Zhang M., Zhang Z., Goddard A.D., RA Wood W.I., Godowski P.J., Gray A.M.; RT "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale RT effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a RT bioinformatics assessment."; RL Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003). RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). RC TISSUE=Retinoblastoma; RX PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285; RA Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., RA Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., RA Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S., RA Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., RA Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., RA Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., RA Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., RA Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., RA Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., RA Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., RA Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., RA Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., RA Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., RA Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., RA Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., RA Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., RA Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., RA Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., RA Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., RA Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., RA Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., RA Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., RA Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., RA Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., RA Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., RA Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., RA Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., RA Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.; RT "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human RT cDNAs."; RL Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). RN [6] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). RC TISSUE=Adrenal gland, Brain, Cervix, Eye, Glial tumor, and Lung; RX MEDLINE=22388257; PubMed=12477932; DOI=10.1073/pnas.242603899; RA Strausberg R.L., Feingold E.A., Grouse L.H., Derge J.G., RA Klausner R.D., Collins F.S., Wagner L., Shenmen C.M., Schuler G.D., RA Altschul S.F., Zeeberg B., Buetow K.H., Schaefer C.F., Bhat N.K., RA Hopkins R.F., Jordan H., Moore T., Max S.I., Wang J., Hsieh F., RA Diatchenko L., Marusina K., Farmer A.A., Rubin G.M., Hong L., RA Stapleton M., Soares M.B., Bonaldo M.F., Casavant T.L., Scheetz T.E., RA Brownstein M.J., Usdin T.B., Toshiyuki S., Carninci P., Prange C., RA Raha S.S., Loquellano N.A., Peters G.J., Abramson R.D., Mullahy S.J., RA Bosak S.A., McEwan P.J., McKernan K.J., Malek J.A., Gunaratne P.H., RA Richards S., Worley K.C., Hale S., Garcia A.M., Gay L.J., Hulyk S.W., RA Villalon D.K., Muzny D.M., Sodergren E.J., Lu X., Gibbs R.A., RA Fahey J., Helton E., Ketteman M., Madan A., Rodrigues S., Sanchez A., RA Whiting M., Madan A., Young A.C., Shevchenko Y., Bouffard G.G., RA Blakesley R.W., Touchman J.W., Green E.D., Dickson M.C., RA Rodriguez A.C., Grimwood J., Schmutz J., Myers R.M., RA Butterfield Y.S.N., Krzywinski M.I., Skalska U., Smailus D.E., RA Schnerch A., Schein J.E., Jones S.J.M., Marra M.A.; RT "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human RT and mouse cDNA sequences."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:16899-16903(2002). RN [7] RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX MEDLINE=22105644; PubMed=12110170; DOI=10.1016/S1534-5807(02)00189-2; RA Francis R., McGrath G., Zhang J., Ruddy D.A., Sym M., Apfeld J., RA Nicoll M., Maxwell M., Hai B., Ellis M.C., Parks A.L., Xu W., Li J., RA Gurney M., Myers R.L., Himes C.S., Hiebsch R., Ruble C., Nye J.S., RA Curtis D.; RT "aph-1 and pen-2 are required for Notch pathway signaling, gamma- RT secretase cleavage of betaAPP, and presenilin protein accumulation."; RL Dev. Cell 3:85-97(2002). RN [8] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND FUNCTION. RX MEDLINE=22499702; PubMed=12522139; DOI=10.1074/jbc.C200648200; RA Luo W.-J., Wang H., Li H., Kim B.S., Shah S., Lee H.-J., RA Thinakaran G., Kim T.-W., Yu G., Xu H.; RT "PEN-2 and APH-1 coordinately regulate proteolytic processing of RT presenilin 1."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:7850-7854(2003). RN [9] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INTERACTION WITH PSEN1. RX MEDLINE=22486592; PubMed=12471034; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M209499200; RA Gu Y., Chen F., Sanjo N., Kawarai T., Hasegawa H., Duthie M., Li W., RA Ruan X., Luthra A., Mount H.T.J., Tandon A., Fraser P.E., RA St George-Hyslop P.H.; RT "APH-1 interacts with mature and immature forms of presenilins and RT nicastrin and may play a role in maturation of presenilin.nicastrin RT complexes."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:7374-7380(2003). RN [10] RP FUNCTION IN THE GAMMA-SECRETASE COMPLEX. RX MEDLINE=22647895; PubMed=12763021; DOI=10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00797-6; RA Marlow L., Canet R.M., Haugabook S.J., Hardy J.A., Lahiri D.K., RA Sambamurti K.; RT "APH1, PEN2, and nicastrin increase Abeta levels and gamma-secretase RT activity."; RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 305:502-509(2003). RN [11] RP COMPONENT OF A GAMMA-SECRETASE COMPLEX WITH PEN2; PSEN1/PSEN2 AND RP NCSTN. RX MEDLINE=22656901; PubMed=12740439; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1037392100; RA Kimberly W.T., LaVoie M.J., Ostaszewski B.L., Ye W., Wolfe M.S., RA Selkoe D.J.; RT "Gamma-secretase is a membrane protein complex comprised of RT presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1, and Pen-2."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:6382-6387(2003). RN [12] RP ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF A GAMMA-SECRETASE COMPLEX. RX MEDLINE=22610381; PubMed=12679784; DOI=10.1038/ncb960; RA Edbauer D., Winkler E., Regula J.T., Pesold B., Steiner H., Haass C.; RT "Reconstitution of gamma-secretase activity."; RL Nat. Cell Biol. 5:486-488(2003). CC -!- FUNCTION: Essential subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an CC endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of CC integral proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (beta-amyloid CC precursor protein). It probably represents a stabilizing cofactor CC for the presenilin homodimer that promotes the formation of a CC stable complex. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of the gamma-secretase complex, a complex CC composed of a presenilin homodimer (PSEN1 or PSEN2), nicastrin CC (NCSTN), APH1 (APH1A or APH1B) and PEN2. Such minimal complex is CC sufficient for secretase activity, although other components may CC exist. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein CC (Potential). Predominantly located in the endoplasmic reticulum CC and in the cis-Golgi. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; CC Name=1; Synonyms=L, Aph-alpha1; CC IsoId=Q96BI3-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC Name=2; Synonyms=S, Aph-alpha2; CC IsoId=Q96BI3-2; Sequence=VSP_008355, VSP_008356; CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed. Expressed in leukocytes, CC lung, placenta, small intestine, liver, kidney, spleen thymus, CC skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are CC nearly expressed at the same level. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the APH-1 family. CC -!- CAUTION: Ref.2 (AAN63816) and Ref.3 sequences differ from that CC shown due to a frameshift in position 243. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; AF508787; AAN63816.1; ALT_FRAME; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY113698; AAM61955.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY113699; AAM61956.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF151835; AAD34072.1; ALT_FRAME; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY358951; AAQ89310.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK075295; BAC11529.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC001230; AAH01230.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC008732; AAH08732.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC009501; AAH09501.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC015568; AAH15568.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC017699; AAH17699.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC020590; AAH20590.1; -; mRNA. DR UniGene; Hs.108408; -. DR Ensembl; ENSG00000117362; Homo sapiens. DR HGNC; HGNC:29509; APH1A. DR MIM; 607629; gene. DR GO; GO:0005783; C:endoplasmic reticulum; IDA. DR GO; GO:0005794; C:Golgi apparatus; IDA. DR GO; GO:0005887; C:integral to plasma membrane; IDA. DR GO; GO:0005515; F:protein binding; IPI. DR GO; GO:0042987; P:amyloid precursor protein catabolism; IMP. DR GO; GO:0006509; P:membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; IDA. DR GO; GO:0031293; P:membrane protein intracellular domain prote...; IMP. DR GO; GO:0007220; P:Notch receptor processing; IMP. DR GO; GO:0043085; P:positive regulation of enzyme activity; IDA. DR GO; GO:0016485; P:protein processing; IDA. DR InterPro; IPR009294; Aph-1. DR PANTHER; PTHR12889; Aph-1; 1. DR Pfam; PF06105; Aph-1; 1. KW Alternative splicing; Endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus; KW Membrane; Notch signaling pathway; Transmembrane. FT CHAIN 1 265 Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A. FT /FTId=PRO_0000221050. FT TRANSMEM 3 23 1 (Potential). FT TRANSMEM 32 52 2 (Potential). FT TRANSMEM 69 89 3 (Potential). FT TRANSMEM 119 139 4 (Potential). FT TRANSMEM 159 179 5 (Potential). FT TRANSMEM 187 207 6 (Potential). FT TRANSMEM 214 234 7 (Potential). FT VARSPLIC 246 247 RR -> KD (in isoform 2). FT /FTId=VSP_008355. FT VARSPLIC 248 265 Missing (in isoform 2). FT /FTId=VSP_008356. FT CONFLICT 236 236 L -> I (in Ref. 6; AAH01230). SQ SEQUENCE 265 AA; 28996 MW; 8E37984A1DECC263 CRC64; MGAAVFFGCT FVAFGPAFAL FLITVAGDPL RVIILVAGAF FWLVSLLLAS VVWFILVHVT DRSDARLQYG LLIFGAAVSV LLQEVFRFAY YKLLKKADEG LASLSEDGRS PISIRQMAYV SGLSFGIISG VFSVINILAD ALGPGVVGIH GDSPYYFLTS AFLTAAIILL HTFWGVVFFD ACERRRYWAL GLVVGSHLLT SGLTFLNPWY EASLLPIYAV TVSMGLWAFI TAGGSLRSIQ RSLLCRRQED SRVMVYSALR IPPED //