ID Q6NZ93_HUMAN Unreviewed; 153 AA. AC Q6NZ93; DT 05-JUL-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 05-JUL-2004, sequence version 1. DT 24-JUL-2024, entry version 90. DE RecName: Full=Interleukin-2 {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00019453, ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; DE Short=IL-2 {ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; GN Name=IL2 {ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134, ECO:0000313|EMBL:AAH66254.1}; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606 {ECO:0000313|EMBL:AAH66254.1}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313|EMBL:AAH66254.1} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RA Gerhard D.S., Wagner L., Feingold E.A., Shenmen C.M., Grouse L.H., RA Schuler G., Klein S.L., Old S., Rasooly R., Good P., Guyer M., Peck A.M., RA Derge J.G., Lipman D., Collins F.S., Jang W., Sherry S., Feolo M., RA Misquitta L., Lee E., Rotmistrovsky K., Greenhut S.F., Schaefer C.F., RA Buetow K., Bonner T.I., Haussler D., Kent J., Kiekhaus M., Furey T., RA Brent M., Prange C., Schreiber K., Shapiro N., Bhat N.K., Hopkins R.F., RA Hsie F., Driscoll T., Soares M.B., Casavant T.L., Scheetz T.E., RA Brown-stein M.J., Usdin T.B., Toshiyuki S., Carninci P., Piao Y., RA Dudekula D.B., Ko M.S., Kawakami K., Suzuki Y., Sugano S., Gruber C.E., RA Smith M.R., Simmons B., Moore T., Waterman R., Johnson S.L., Ruan Y., RA Wei C.L., Mathavan S., Gunaratne P.H., Wu J., Garcia A.M., Hulyk S.W., RA Fuh E., Yuan Y., Sneed A., Kowis C., Hodgson A., Muzny D.M., McPherson J., RA Gibbs R.A., Fahey J., Helton E., Ketteman M., Madan A., Rodrigues S., RA Sanchez A., Whiting M., Madari A., Young A.C., Wetherby K.D., Granite S.J., RA Kwong P.N., Brinkley C.P., Pearson R.L., Bouffard G.G., Blakesly R.W., RA Green E.D., Dickson M.C., Rodriguez A.C., Grimwood J., Schmutz J., RA Myers R.M., Butterfield Y.S., Griffith M., Griffith O.L., Krzywinski M.I., RA Liao N., Morin R., Morrin R., Palmquist D., Petrescu A.S., Skalska U., RA Smailus D.E., Stott J.M., Schnerch A., Schein J.E., Jones S.J., Holt R.A., RA Baross A., Marra M.A., Clifton S., Makowski K.A., Bosak S., Malek J.; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). CC -!- FUNCTION: Cytokine produced by activated CD4-positive helper T-cells CC and to a lesser extend activated CD8-positive T-cells and natural CC killer (NK) cells that plays pivotal roles in the immune response and CC tolerance. Binds to a receptor complex composed of either the high- CC affinity trimeric IL-2R (IL2RA/CD25, IL2RB/CD122 and IL2RG/CD132) or CC the low-affinity dimeric IL-2R (IL2RB and IL2RG). Interaction with the CC receptor leads to oligomerization and conformation changes in the IL-2R CC subunits resulting in downstream signaling starting with CC phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3. In turn, JAK1 and JAK3 phosphorylate CC the receptor to form a docking site leading to the phosphorylation of CC several substrates including STAT5. This process leads to activation of CC several pathways including STAT, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/PI3K and CC mitogen-activated protein kinase/MAPK pathways. Functions as a T-cell CC growth factor and can increase NK-cell cytolytic activity as well. CC Promotes strong proliferation of activated B-cells and subsequently CC immunoglobulin production. Plays a pivotal role in regulating the CC adaptive immune system by controlling the survival and proliferation of CC regulatory T-cells, which are required for the maintenance of immune CC tolerance. Moreover, participates in the differentiation and CC homeostasis of effector T-cell subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17 as CC well as memory CD8-positive T-cells. {ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00004613, CC ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-2 family. {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00006949, CC ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; BC066254; AAH66254.1; -; mRNA. DR AlphaFoldDB; Q6NZ93; -. DR SMR; Q6NZ93; -. DR ChiTaRS; IL2; human. DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0005134; F:interleukin-2 receptor binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0002250; P:adaptive immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1. DR InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core. DR InterPro; IPR000779; IL-2. DR InterPro; IPR030477; IL-2_CS. DR InterPro; IPR050658; IL-2_family_cytokines. DR PANTHER; PTHR48399; INTERLEUKIN-2; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR48399:SF1; INTERLEUKIN-2; 1. DR Pfam; PF00715; IL2; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00265; INTERLEUKIN2. DR SMART; SM00189; IL2; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF47266; 4-helical cytokines; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00424; INTERLEUKIN_2; 1. PE 2: Evidence at transcript level; KW Adaptive immunity {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00023130, KW ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; KW Cytokine {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022514, ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; KW Disulfide bond {ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; KW Growth factor {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00023030, KW ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; KW Immunity {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022859, ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; KW Secreted {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022525, ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}; KW Signal {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022729, ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134}. FT SIGNAL 1..20 FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134" FT CHAIN 21..153 FT /note="Interleukin-2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|RuleBase:RU363134" FT /id="PRO_5009031738" SQ SEQUENCE 153 AA; 17598 MW; 1942F50F25960E88 CRC64; MYRMQLLSCI ALSLALVANS APTSSSTKKT QLQLEHLLLD LQMILNGINN YKNPKLTRML TFKFYMPKKA TELKHLQCLE EELKPLEEVL NLAQSKNFHL RPRDLISNIN VIVLELKGSE TTFMCEYADE TATIVEFLNR WITFCQSIIS TLT //