ID KAPCA_CRIGR Reviewed; 351 AA. AC P25321; DT 01-MAY-1992, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 2. DT 24-JUL-2013, entry version 94. DE RecName: Full=cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; DE Short=PKA C-alpha; DE EC=2.7.11.11; GN Name=PRKACA; OS Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) (Cricetulus barabensis griseus). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Sciurognathi; OC Muroidea; Cricetidae; Cricetinae; Cricetulus. OX NCBI_TaxID=10029; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RX PubMed=1645343; RA Howard P., Day K.H., Kim K.E., Richardson J., Thomas J., Abraham I., RA Fleischmann R.D., Gottesman M.M., Maurer R.A.; RT "Decreased catalytic subunit mRNA levels and altered catalytic subunit RT mRNA structure in a cAMP-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 266:10189-10195(1991). CC -!- FUNCTION: Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the CC cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of CC compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through CC phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these CC subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CC CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA, TRPC1 CC and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for CC glucose-mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and CC osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved CC in the regulation of platelets in response to thrombin and CC collagen; maintains circulating platelets in a resting state by CC phosphorylating proteins in numerous platelet inhibitory pathways CC when in complex with NF-kappa-B (NFKB1 and NFKB2) and I-kappa-B- CC alpha (NFKBIA), but thrombin and collagen disrupt these complexes CC and free active PRKACA stimulates platelets and leads to platelet CC aggregation by phosphorylating VASP. Prevents the CC antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of alpha- CC difluoromethylornithine in breast cancer cells when activated. CC RYR2 channel activity is potentiated by phosphorylation in CC presence of luminal Ca(2+), leading to reduced amplitude and CC increased frequency of store overload-induced Ca(2+) release CC (SOICR) characterized by an increased rate of Ca(2+) release and CC propagation velocity of spontaneous Ca(2+) waves, despite reduced CC wave amplitude and resting cytosolic Ca(2+). TRPC1 activation by CC phosphorylation promotes Ca(2+) influx, essential for the increase CC in permeability induced by thrombin in confluent endothelial CC monolayers. PSMC5/RPT6 activation by phosphorylation stimulates CC proteasome. Regulates negatively tight junction (TJs) in ovarian CC cancer cells via CLDN3 phosphorylation. NFKB1 phosphorylation CC promotes NF-kappa-B p50-p50 DNA binding. Involved in embryonic CC development by down-regulating the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway CC that determines embryo pattern formation and morphogenesis. CC Isoform 2 phosphorylates and activates ABL1 in sperm flagellum to CC promote spermatozoa capacitation. Prevents meiosis resumption in CC prophase-arrested oocytes via CDC25B inactivation by CC phosphorylation. May also regulate rapid eye movement (REM) sleep CC in the pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) (By similarity). CC Phosphorylates APOBEC3G and AICDA (By similarity). CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. CC -!- ENZYME REGULATION: Allosterically activated by various compounds, CC including ATP. Activated by cAMP; the nucleotide acts as a dynamic CC and allosteric activator by coupling the two lobes of apo PKA, CC enhancing the enzyme dynamics synchronously and priming it for CC catalysis. CC -!- SUBUNIT: A number of inactive tetrameric holoenzymes are produced CC by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different CC regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP CC causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of CC regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric CC catalytic subunits. Activates cAMP-sensitive PKAI and PKAII CC holoenzymes by interacting with regulatory subunit (R) of PKA, CC PRKAR1A/PKR1 and PRKAR2A/PKR2, respectively. Interacts with NFKB1, CC NFKB2 and NFKBIA in platelets; these interactions are disrupted by CC thrombin and collagen. Binds to ABL1 in spermatozoa and with CC CDC25B in oocytes (By similarity). Interacts with APOBEC3G and CC AICDA (By similarity). CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (By similarity). Nucleus (By CC similarity). Cell membrane (By similarity). Mitochondrion (By CC similarity). Note=Translocates into the nucleus (monomeric CC catalytic subunit). The inactive holoenzyme is found in the CC cytoplasm. Distributed throughout the cytoplasm in meiotically CC incompetent oocytes. Associated to mitochondrion as meiotic CC competence is acquired. Aggregates around the germinal vesicles CC (GV) at the immature GV stage oocytes (By similarity). CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues. CC -!- PTM: Asn-3 is partially deaminated to Asp giving rise to 2 major CC isoelectric variants, called CB and CA respectively (By CC similarity). CC -!- PTM: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation is enhanced by vitamin CC K(2). Phosphorylated on threonine and serine residues. CC Phosphorylation on Thr-198 is required for full activity (By CC similarity). CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated at Tyr-331 by activated receptor tyrosine CC kinases EGFR and PDGFR; this increases catalytic efficienncy (By CC similarity). CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr CC protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; M63311; AAA37010.1; -; mRNA. DR PIR; B40384; OKHYCA. DR ProteinModelPortal; P25321; -. DR SMR; P25321; 13-351. DR PRIDE; P25321; -. DR HOVERGEN; HBG108317; -. DR BRENDA; 2.7.11.11; 1309. DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0004691; F:cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity; ISS:UniProtKB. DR InterPro; IPR000961; AGC-kinase_C. DR InterPro; IPR011009; Kinase-like_dom. DR InterPro; IPR000719; Prot_kinase_cat_dom. DR InterPro; IPR017441; Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. DR InterPro; IPR002290; Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom. DR InterPro; IPR008271; Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. DR Pfam; PF00069; Pkinase; 1. DR SMART; SM00133; S_TK_X; 1. DR SMART; SM00220; S_TKc; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF56112; Kinase_like; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51285; AGC_KINASE_CTER; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00107; PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50011; PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00108; PROTEIN_KINASE_ST; 1. PE 2: Evidence at transcript level; KW ATP-binding; cAMP; Cell membrane; Cytoplasm; Kinase; Lipoprotein; KW Membrane; Mitochondrion; Myristate; Nucleotide-binding; Nucleus; KW Phosphoprotein; Serine/threonine-protein kinase; Transferase. FT INIT_MET 1 1 Removed (By similarity). FT CHAIN 2 351 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic FT subunit alpha. FT /FTId=PRO_0000086051. FT DOMAIN 44 298 Protein kinase. FT DOMAIN 299 351 AGC-kinase C-terminal. FT NP_BIND 50 58 ATP (By similarity). FT NP_BIND 122 128 ATP (By similarity). FT NP_BIND 169 172 ATP (By similarity). FT ACT_SITE 167 167 Proton acceptor (By similarity). FT BINDING 73 73 ATP (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 3 3 Deamidated asparagine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 11 11 Phosphoserine; by autocatalysis (By FT similarity). FT MOD_RES 35 35 Phosphoserine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 49 49 Phosphothreonine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 140 140 Phosphoserine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 196 196 Phosphothreonine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 198 198 Phosphothreonine; by PDPK1 (By FT similarity). FT MOD_RES 202 202 Phosphothreonine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 331 331 Phosphotyrosine (By similarity). FT MOD_RES 339 339 Phosphoserine (By similarity). FT LIPID 2 2 N-myristoyl glycine (By similarity). SQ SEQUENCE 351 AA; 40620 MW; 84333CD0B439F356 CRC64; MGNAAAAKKG SEQESVKEFL AKAKEEFLKK WESPSQNTAQ LDHFDRIKTL GTGSFGRVML VKHKETGNHY AMKILDKQKV VKLKQIEHTL NEKRILQAVN FPFLVKLEFS FKDNSNLYMV MEYVPGGEMF SHLRRIGRFS EPHARFYAAQ IVLTFEYLHS LDLIYRDLKP ENLLIDQQGY IQVTDFGFAK RVKGRTWTLC GTPEYLAPEI ILSKGYNKAV DWWALGVLIY EMAAGYPPFF ADQPIQIYEK IVSGKVRFPS HFSSDLKDLL RNLLQVDLTK RFGNLKNGVN DIKNHKWFAT TDWIAIYQRK VEAPFIPKFK GPGDTSNFDD YEEEEIRVSI NEKCGKEFTE F //