ID EFTU2_ECOLI Reviewed; 394 AA. AC P0CE48; O68929; P02990; P0A6N1; Q2M704; Q2M8R6; Q8X4S9; Q8XED3; DT 23-MAR-2010, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 23-MAR-2010, sequence version 1. DT 21-MAR-2012, entry version 18. DE RecName: Full=Elongation factor Tu 2; DE Short=EF-Tu 2; DE AltName: Full=P-43; GN Name=tufB; OrderedLocusNames=b3980, JW3943; OS Escherichia coli (strain K12). OC Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; OC Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia. OX NCBI_TaxID=83333; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX MEDLINE=81165558; PubMed=7011904; DOI=10.1016/0378-1119(80)90013-X; RA An G., Friesen J.D.; RT "The nucleotide sequence of tufB and four nearby tRNA structural genes RT of Escherichia coli."; RL Gene 12:33-39(1980). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076; RX MEDLINE=94089392; PubMed=8265357; DOI=10.1093/nar/21.23.5408; RA Blattner F.R., Burland V.D., Plunkett G. III, Sofia H.J., RA Daniels D.L.; RT "Analysis of the Escherichia coli genome. IV. DNA sequence of the RT region from 89.2 to 92.8 minutes."; RL Nucleic Acids Res. 21:5408-5417(1993). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076; RX MEDLINE=97426617; PubMed=9278503; DOI=10.1126/science.277.5331.1453; RA Blattner F.R., Plunkett G. III, Bloch C.A., Perna N.T., Burland V., RA Riley M., Collado-Vides J., Glasner J.D., Rode C.K., Mayhew G.F., RA Gregor J., Davis N.W., Kirkpatrick H.A., Goeden M.A., Rose D.J., RA Mau B., Shao Y.; RT "The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12."; RL Science 277:1453-1474(1997). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911; RX PubMed=16738553; DOI=10.1038/msb4100049; RA Hayashi K., Morooka N., Yamamoto Y., Fujita K., Isono K., Choi S., RA Ohtsubo E., Baba T., Wanner B.L., Mori H., Horiuchi T.; RT "Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains RT MG1655 and W3110."; RL Mol. Syst. Biol. 2:E1-E5(2006). RN [5] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-394. RX MEDLINE=81003875; PubMed=6997043; RX DOI=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb04748.x; RA Jones M.D., Petersen T.E., Nielsen K.M., Magnusson S., RA Sottrup-Jensen L., Gausing K., Clark B.F.C.; RT "The complete amino-acid sequence of elongation factor Tu from RT Escherichia coli."; RL Eur. J. Biochem. 108:507-526(1980). RN [6] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-394. RX MEDLINE=81264196; PubMed=7021545; RA Laursen R.A., L'Italien J.J., Nagarkatti S., Miller D.L.; RT "The amino acid sequence of elongation factor Tu of Escherichia coli. RT The complete sequence."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 256:8102-8109(1981). RN [7] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-21. RX MEDLINE=82124558; PubMed=7035813; DOI=10.1007/BF00270131; RA Miyajima A., Shibuya M., Kuchino Y., Kaziro Y.; RT "Transcription of the E. coli tufB gene: cotranscription with four RT tRNA genes and inhibition by guanosine-5'-diphosphate-3'- RT diphosphate."; RL Mol. Gen. Genet. 183:13-19(1981). RN [8] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 153-176 AND 262-290, METHYLATION AT LYS-57 IN RP RESPONSE TO NUTRIENT STARVATION, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RC STRAIN=B/R; RX MEDLINE=91216980; PubMed=2022614; RA Young C.C., Bernlohr R.W.; RT "Elongation factor Tu is methylated in response to nutrient RT deprivation in Escherichia coli."; RL J. Bacteriol. 173:3096-3100(1991). RN [9] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 311-322, AND N-TERMINAL BLOCKAGE. RC STRAIN=K12 / EMG2; RX MEDLINE=97443975; PubMed=9298646; DOI=10.1002/elps.1150180807; RA Link A.J., Robison K., Church G.M.; RT "Comparing the predicted and observed properties of proteins encoded RT in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12."; RL Electrophoresis 18:1259-1313(1997). RN [10] RP N-TERMINAL BLOCKAGE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RC STRAIN=K12 / BHB 960; RX PubMed=775340; DOI=10.1038/261023a0; RA Jacobson G.R., Rosenbusch J.P.; RT "Abundance and membrane association of elongation factor Tu in E. RT coli."; RL Nature 261:23-26(1976). RN [11] RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-383, AND PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 290-304 AND RP 383-391. RX MEDLINE=93107067; PubMed=8416965; RA Lippmann C., Lindschau C., Vijgenboom E., Schroeder W., Bosch L., RA Erdmann V.A.; RT "Prokaryotic elongation factor Tu is phosphorylated in vivo."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 268:601-607(1993). RN [12] RP METHYLATION AT LYS-57. RX MEDLINE=80069392; PubMed=389663; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(79)80407-X; RA L'Italien J.J., Laursen R.A.; RT "Location of the site of methylation in elongation factor Tu."; RL FEBS Lett. 107:359-362(1979). RN [13] RP MUTAGENESIS OF ASP-139. RX MEDLINE=88007508; PubMed=3308869; RA Hwang Y.-W., Miller D.L.; RT "A mutation that alters the nucleotide specificity of elongation RT factor Tu, a GTP regulatory protein."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 262:13081-13085(1987). RN [14] RP MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-137. RX MEDLINE=89255270; PubMed=2498311; RA Hwang Y.-W., Sanchez A., Miller D.L.; RT "Mutagenesis of bacterial elongation factor Tu at lysine 136. A RT conserved amino acid in GTP regulatory proteins."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 264:8304-8309(1989). RN [15] RP MUTAGENESIS. RX MEDLINE=90025117; PubMed=2508560; DOI=10.1016/0003-9861(89)90452-9; RA Hwang Y.-W., McCabe P.G., Innis M.A., Miller D.L.; RT "Site-directed mutagenesis of the GDP binding domain of bacterial RT elongation factor Tu."; RL Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 274:394-403(1989). RN [16] RP CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTANT ASP-223. RX MEDLINE=97133305; PubMed=8978702; RA Vorstenbosch E., Pape T., Rodnina M.V., Kraal B., Wintermeyer W.; RT "The G222D mutation in elongation factor Tu inhibits the codon-induced RT conformational changes leading to GTPase activation on the ribosome."; RL EMBO J. 15:6766-6774(1996). RN [17] RP MUTAGENESIS OF HIS-20; GLN-115 AND GLU-349. RX MEDLINE=98136155; PubMed=9468511; DOI=10.1074/jbc.273.8.4556; RA Zhang Y., Yu N.-J., Spremulli L.L.; RT "Mutational analysis of the roles of residues in Escherichia coli RT elongation factor Ts in the interaction with elongation factor Tu."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 273:4556-4562(1998). RN [18] RP ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-314, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. RC STRAIN=K12 / JW1106, and K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076; RX PubMed=18723842; DOI=10.1074/mcp.M800187-MCP200; RA Zhang J., Sprung R., Pei J., Tan X., Kim S., Zhu H., Liu C.F., RA Grishin N.V., Zhao Y.; RT "Lysine acetylation is a highly abundant and evolutionarily conserved RT modification in Escherichia coli."; RL Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:215-225(2009). RN [19] RP PHOSPHORYLATION BY HIPA. RX PubMed=19150849; DOI=10.1126/science.1163806; RA Schumacher M.A., Piro K.M., Xu W., Hansen S., Lewis K., Brennan R.G.; RT "Molecular mechanisms of HipA-mediated multidrug tolerance and its RT neutralization by HipB."; RL Science 323:396-401(2009). RN [20] RP SUCCINYLATION AT LYS-38; LYS-177; LYS-249; LYS-253; LYS-295 AND RP LYS-314. RC STRAIN=K12; RX PubMed=21151122; DOI=10.1038/nchembio.495; RA Zhang Z., Tan M., Xie Z., Dai L., Chen Y., Zhao Y.; RT "Identification of lysine succinylation as a new post-translational RT modification."; RL Nat. Chem. Biol. 7:58-63(2011). RN [21] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.7 ANGSTROMS) OF 2-394 OF A TRYPSIN-MODIFIED RP EF-TU-GDP. RX PubMed=3898365; DOI=10.1126/science.3898365; RA Jurnak F.; RT "Structure of the GDP domain of EF-Tu and location of the amino acids RT homologous to ras oncogene proteins."; RL Science 230:32-36(1985). RN [22] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.6 ANGSTROMS). RX MEDLINE=92177415; PubMed=1542116; DOI=10.1016/0022-2836(92)90986-T; RA Kjeldgaard M., Nyborg J.; RT "Refined structure of elongation factor EF-Tu from Escherichia coli."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 223:721-742(1992). RN [23] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) OF 10-394 IN COMPLEX WITH EF-TS. RX MEDLINE=96170031; PubMed=8596629; DOI=10.1038/379511a0; RA Kawashima T., Berthet-Colominas C., Wulff M., Cusack S., Leberman R.; RT "The structure of the Escherichia coli EF-Tu.EF-Ts complex at 2.5-A RT resolution."; RL Nature 379:511-518(1996). RN [24] RP ERRATUM. RA Kawashima T., Berthet-Colominas C., Wulff M., Cusack S., Leberman R.; RL Nature 381:172-172(1996). RN [25] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH GDP AND RP ANTIBIOTIC GE2270A. RX MEDLINE=97094972; PubMed=8939740; DOI=10.1016/S0969-2126(96)00123-2; RA Abel K., Yoder M.D., Hilgenfeld R., Jurnak F.; RT "An alpha to beta conformational switch in EF-Tu."; RL Structure 4:1153-1159(1996). RN [26] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.05 ANGSTROMS). RX MEDLINE=99141376; PubMed=9918724; DOI=10.1006/jmbi.1998.2387; RA Song H., Parsons M.R., Rowsell S., Leonard G., Phillips S.E.V.; RT "Crystal structure of intact elongation factor EF-Tu from Escherichia RT coli in GDP conformation at 2.05-A resolution."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 285:1245-1256(1999). RN [27] RP STRUCTURE BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (16.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 2-393 IN THE 70S RP RIBOSOME. RX MEDLINE=22088308; PubMed=12093756; DOI=10.1093/emboj/cdf326; RA Valle M., Sengupta J., Swami N.K., Grassucci R.A., Burkhardt N., RA Nierhaus K.H., Agrawal R.K., Frank J.; RT "Cryo-EM reveals an active role for aminoacyl-tRNA in the RT accommodation process."; RL EMBO J. 21:3557-3567(2002). RN [28] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (3.35 ANGSTROMS) OF 3-394, AND STRUCTURE BY RP ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (10.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 2-393 IN COMPLEX WITH THE 70S RP RIBOSOME. RX PubMed=14566331; DOI=10.1038/nsb1003; RA Valle M., Zavialov A., Li W., Stagg S.M., Sengupta J., Nielsen R.C., RA Nissen P., Harvey S.C., Ehrenberg M., Frank J.; RT "Incorporation of aminoacyl-tRNA into the ribosome as seen by cryo- RT electron microscopy."; RL Nat. Struct. Biol. 10:899-906(2003). RN [29] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.3 ANGSTROMS) OF 2-394 OF EF-TU-GUANYLYL RP IMINODIPHOSPHATE (GDPNP) ENACYLOXIN IIA COMPLEX. RX PubMed=16257965; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M505951200; RA Parmeggiani A., Krab I.M., Watanabe T., Nielsen R.C., Dahlberg C., RA Nyborg J., Nissen P.; RT "Enacyloxin IIa pinpoints a binding pocket of elongation factor Tu for RT development of novel antibiotics."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 281:2893-2900(2006). CC -!- FUNCTION: This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of CC aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein CC biosynthesis. CC -!- FUNCTION: May play an important regulatory role in cell growth and CC in the bacterial response to nutrient deprivation. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cell inner membrane; Peripheral CC membrane protein. Note=Between 50-80% of the protein is associated CC with the cell inner membrane. Localization to the membrane has CC been suggested to follow nutrient stress. CC -!- PTM: The N-terminus is blocked. CC -!- PTM: Methylated in vivo on Lys-57 in response to nutrient CC starvation. CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated in vitro by HipA on Thr-383. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: This chain is also used in bacteriophage Q-beta RNA CC polymerase. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Present with about 70,000 molecules/cell CC (PubMed:775340). CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The antibiotic kirromycin inhibits protein CC biosynthesis by inhibiting the release of EF-Tu from the ribosome. CC TufA resistance to kirromycin is conferred by mutations to Gln- CC 125, Gly-317 and Ala-376. This has not been formally proven for CC tufB, but is certainly correct. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The antibiotic pulvomycin inhibits protein CC biosynthesis by disrupting the allosteric control mechanism of EF- CC Tu TufA resistance to pulvomycin is conferred by Arg-231, Arg-334 CC and Thr-335. This has not been formally proven for tufB, but is CC certainly correct. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GTP-binding elongation factor family. CC EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. CC -!- CAUTION: EF-Tu 1 and EF-Tu 2 differ in a single position and are CC no longer merged. However, many papers are found in both entries CC as it is not always possible to determine for each paper which of CC EF-Tu 1 or EF-Tu 2 was being worked upon. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; X57091; CAA40370.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; J01717; AAA24669.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; U00006; AAC43078.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; U00096; AAC76954.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AP009048; BAE77340.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR PIR; A91478; EFECT. DR RefSeq; NP_418407.1; NC_000913.2. DR PDB; 1DG1; X-ray; 2.50 A; G/H=1-394. DR PDB; 1EFM; X-ray; 2.70 A; A=2-394. DR PDB; 1EFU; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=10-394. DR PDB; 1LS2; EM; 16.80 A; A=2-394. DR PDB; 1OB2; X-ray; 3.35 A; A=3-394. DR PDB; 1QZD; EM; -; A=2-394. DR PDB; 2BVN; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/B=2-394. DR PDB; 3FIH; EM; 6.70 A; Z=2-394. DR PDB; 3IZV; EM; -; C=2-394. DR PDB; 3IZW; EM; -; C=2-394. DR PDB; 3MMP; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=1-394. DR PDBsum; 1DG1; -. DR PDBsum; 1EFM; -. DR PDBsum; 1EFU; -. DR PDBsum; 1LS2; -. DR PDBsum; 1OB2; -. DR PDBsum; 1QZD; -. DR PDBsum; 2BVN; -. DR PDBsum; 3FIH; -. DR PDBsum; 3IZV; -. DR PDBsum; 3IZW; -. DR PDBsum; 3MMP; -. DR ProteinModelPortal; P0CE48; -. DR SMR; P0CE48; 9-394. DR 2DBase-Ecoli; P0A6N1; -. DR ECO2DBASE; E042.0; 6TH EDITION. DR PRIDE; P0CE48; -. DR EnsemblBacteria; EBESCT00000001015; EBESCP00000001015; EBESCG00000000836. DR EnsemblBacteria; EBESCT00000015379; EBESCP00000014670; EBESCG00000014439. DR GeneID; 948482; -. DR GenomeReviews; AP009048_GR; JW3943. DR GenomeReviews; U00096_GR; b3980. DR KEGG; ecj:JW3943; -. DR KEGG; eco:b3980; -. DR PATRIC; 32123481; VBIEscCol129921_4093. DR EchoBASE; EB1029; -. DR EchoBASE; EB1030; -. DR EcoGene; EG11037; tufB. DR KO; K02358; -. DR OMA; MEKGLRF; -. DR PhylomeDB; P0CE48; -. DR BioCyc; EcoCyc:EG11037-MONOMER; -. DR Genevestigator; P0A6N1; -. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0005525; F:GTP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0003924; F:GTPase activity; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0003746; F:translation elongation factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0046677; P:response to antibiotic; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR HAMAP; MF_00118_B; EF_Tu_B; 1; -. DR InterPro; IPR000795; ProtSyn_GTP-bd. DR InterPro; IPR005225; Small_GTP-bd_dom. DR InterPro; IPR009001; Transl_elong_EF1A/Init_IF2_C. DR InterPro; IPR004161; Transl_elong_EFTu/EF1A_2. DR InterPro; IPR004541; Transl_elong_EFTu/EF1A_bac/org. DR InterPro; IPR004160; Transl_elong_EFTu/EF1A_C. DR InterPro; IPR009000; Transl_elong_init/rib_B-barrel. DR PANTHER; PTHR23115:SF31; Transl_elong_EFTu/EF1A_bac/org; 1. DR Pfam; PF00009; GTP_EFTU; 1. DR Pfam; PF03144; GTP_EFTU_D2; 1. DR Pfam; PF03143; GTP_EFTU_D3; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00315; ELONGATNFCT. DR SUPFAM; SSF50465; Elong_init_C; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF50447; Translat_factor; 1. DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR00485; EF-Tu; 1. DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR00231; Small_GTP; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00301; EFACTOR_GTP; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Acetylation; Antibiotic resistance; Cell inner membrane; KW Cell membrane; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm; KW Direct protein sequencing; Elongation factor; GTP-binding; Membrane; KW Methylation; Nucleotide-binding; Phosphoprotein; Protein biosynthesis; KW Reference proteome. FT INIT_MET 1 1 Removed. FT CHAIN 2 394 Elongation factor Tu 2. FT /FTId=PRO_0000392289. FT NP_BIND 19 26 GTP. FT NP_BIND 81 85 GTP. FT NP_BIND 136 139 GTP. FT MOD_RES 2 2 N-acetylserine. FT MOD_RES 38 38 N6-succinyllysine. FT MOD_RES 57 57 N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate. FT MOD_RES 57 57 N6-methyllysine; alternate. FT MOD_RES 177 177 N6-succinyllysine. FT MOD_RES 249 249 N6-succinyllysine. FT MOD_RES 253 253 N6-succinyllysine. FT MOD_RES 295 295 N6-succinyllysine. FT MOD_RES 314 314 N6-acetyllysine; alternate. FT MOD_RES 314 314 N6-succinyllysine; alternate. FT MOD_RES 383 383 Phosphothreonine. FT MUTAGEN 20 20 H->A: No change in binding GDP and 3-fold FT reduction in binding EF-Ts. FT MUTAGEN 115 115 Q->A: Weaker binding for GDP and for EF- FT Ts. FT MUTAGEN 137 137 K->R,Q,E,I: Reduces affinity for GDP. FT MUTAGEN 139 139 D->N: Reduces affinity for GDP; increases FT affinity for XDP. FT MUTAGEN 223 223 G->D: Inhibits codon-induced FT conformational changes leading to GTPase FT activation on the ribosome. FT MUTAGEN 349 349 E->A: No change in binding GDP but higher FT binding constant for EF-Ts. FT STRAND 12 18 FT HELIX 25 40 FT HELIX 47 51 FT STRAND 55 58 FT STRAND 61 64 FT STRAND 66 71 FT STRAND 76 81 FT HELIX 85 94 FT STRAND 100 107 FT TURN 108 110 FT HELIX 114 126 FT STRAND 131 136 FT HELIX 138 140 FT HELIX 144 160 FT HELIX 165 167 FT STRAND 170 172 FT HELIX 175 179 FT HELIX 183 199 FT HELIX 206 208 FT STRAND 212 214 FT STRAND 217 221 FT TURN 222 224 FT STRAND 225 231 FT STRAND 234 238 FT STRAND 242 249 FT STRAND 252 261 FT STRAND 264 270 FT STRAND 274 279 FT HELIX 284 286 FT STRAND 292 294 FT STRAND 300 311 FT TURN 314 317 FT STRAND 330 333 FT STRAND 336 343 FT STRAND 356 369 FT STRAND 374 379 FT STRAND 382 393 SQ SEQUENCE 394 AA; 43314 MW; 6EDA60255F43358F CRC64; MSKEKFERTK PHVNVGTIGH VDHGKTTLTA AITTVLAKTY GGAARAFDQI DNAPEEKARG ITINTSHVEY DTPTRHYAHV DCPGHADYVK NMITGAAQMD GAILVVAATD GPMPQTREHI LLGRQVGVPY IIVFLNKCDM VDDEELLELV EMEVRELLSQ YDFPGDDTPI VRGSALKALE GDAEWEAKIL ELAGFLDSYI PEPERAIDKP FLLPIEDVFS ISGRGTVVTG RVERGIIKVG EEVEIVGIKE TQKSTCTGVE MFRKLLDEGR AGENVGVLLR GIKREEIERG QVLAKPGTIK PHTKFESEVY ILSKDEGGRH TPFFKGYRPQ FYFRTTDVTG TIELPEGVEM VMPGDNIKMV VTLIHPIAMD DGLRFAIREG GRTVGAGVVA KVLS //