ID   SGR1_ARATH              Reviewed;         268 AA.
AC   O82741; Q8LBZ2;
DT   19-FEB-2014, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-NOV-1998, sequence version 1.
DT   03-JUL-2019, entry version 115.
DE   RecName: Full=Magnesium dechelatase SGR1, chloroplastic {ECO:0000305};
DE            EC=4.99.1.10 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27604697};
DE   AltName: Full=Protein NONYELLOWING 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17468209};
DE            Short=AtNYE1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17468209};
DE   AltName: Full=Protein STAY-GREEN 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22366162};
DE   AltName: Full=Protein STAYGREEN 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17513504};
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=SGR1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24043799};
GN   Synonyms=NYE1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17468209},
GN   SGN1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17513504};
GN   OrderedLocusNames=At4g22920 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT4G22920};
GN   ORFNames=F7H19.100 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAA19807.1};
OS   Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae;
OC   Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae;
OC   Arabidopsis.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=17513504; DOI=10.1105/tpc.106.044891;
RA   Park S.Y., Yu J.W., Park J.S., Li J., Yoo S.C., Lee N.Y., Lee S.K.,
RA   Jeong S.W., Seo H.S., Koh H.J., Jeon J.S., Park Y.I., Paek N.C.;
RT   "The senescence-induced staygreen protein regulates chlorophyll
RT   degradation.";
RL   Plant Cell 19:1649-1664(2007).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE
RP   SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY DARK, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=17468209; DOI=10.1104/pp.107.100172;
RA   Ren G., An K., Liao Y., Zhou X., Cao Y., Zhao H., Ge X., Kuai B.;
RT   "Identification of a novel chloroplast protein AtNYE1 regulating
RT   chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.";
RL   Plant Physiol. 144:1429-1441(2007).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA   Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G.,
RA   Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N.,
RA   Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M.,
RA   Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M.,
RA   Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T.,
RA   Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I.,
RA   Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P.,
RA   Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J.,
RA   van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F.,
RA   Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E.,
RA   Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA   Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W.,
RA   Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P.,
RA   Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H.,
RA   De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R.,
RA   van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S.,
RA   Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R.,
RA   Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S.,
RA   Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H.,
RA   Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S.,
RA   Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A.,
RA   Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA   Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R.,
RA   Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S.,
RA   Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E.,
RA   Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A.,
RA   Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T.,
RA   Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C.,
RA   Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S.,
RA   Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K.,
RA   Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L.,
RA   Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J.,
RA   Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J.,
RA   Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D.,
RA   Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA   Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA   Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D.,
RA   Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C.,
RA   Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C.,
RA   Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R.,
RA   Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S.,
RA   Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A.,
RA   Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT   "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis
RT   thaliana.";
RL   Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN   [4]
RP   GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA   Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA   Town C.D.;
RT   "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana
RT   reference genome.";
RL   Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA   Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J.,
RA   Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F.,
RA   Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G.,
RA   Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J.,
RA   Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y.,
RA   Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P.,
RA   Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F.,
RA   Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M.,
RA   Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J.,
RA   Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T.,
RA   Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y.,
RA   Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R.;
RT   "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT   genome.";
RL   Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN   [6]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA   Feldmann K.A.;
RT   "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [7]
RP   TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=17204643; DOI=10.1126/science.1132912;
RA   Armstead I., Donnison I., Aubry S., Harper J., Hortensteiner S.,
RA   James C., Mani J., Moffet M., Ougham H., Roberts L., Thomas A.,
RA   Weeden N., Thomas H., King I.;
RT   "Cross-species identification of Mendel's I locus.";
RL   Science 315:73-73(2007).
RN   [8]
RP   DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   DOI=10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.12.013;
RA   Barry C.S.;
RT   "The stay-green revolution: Recent progress in deciphering the
RT   mechanisms of chlorophyll degradation in higher plants.";
RL   Plant Sci. 176:325-333(2009).
RN   [9]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INTERACTION WITH NYC1; PAO; RCCR AND LHCII
RP   COMPLEX.
RX   PubMed=22366162; DOI=10.1105/tpc.111.089474;
RA   Sakuraba Y., Schelbert S., Park S.Y., Han S.H., Lee B.D., Andres C.B.,
RA   Kessler F., Hortensteiner S., Paek N.C.;
RT   "STAY-GREEN and chlorophyll catabolic enzymes interact at light-
RT   harvesting complex II for chlorophyll detoxification during leaf
RT   senescence in Arabidopsis.";
RL   Plant Cell 24:507-518(2012).
RN   [10]
RP   INTERACTION WITH HCAR, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX   PubMed=23200839; DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.11.050;
RA   Sakuraba Y., Kim Y.S., Yoo S.C., Hortensteiner S., Paek N.C.;
RT   "7-Hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase functions in metabolic
RT   channeling of chlorophyll breakdown intermediates during leaf
RT   senescence.";
RL   Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 430:32-37(2013).
RN   [11]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX   PubMed=24043799; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1308114110;
RA   Delmas F., Sankaranarayanan S., Deb S., Widdup E., Bournonville C.,
RA   Bollier N., Northey J.G., McCourt P., Samuel M.A.;
RT   "ABI3 controls embryo degreening through Mendel's I locus.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110:E3888-E3894(2013).
RN   [12]
RP   INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=24719469; DOI=10.1093/mp/ssu045;
RA   Sakuraba Y., Park S.Y., Kim Y.S., Wang S.H., Yoo S.C.,
RA   Hoertensteiner S., Paek N.C.;
RT   "Arabidopsis STAY-GREEN2 is a negative regulator of chlorophyll
RT   degradation during leaf senescence.";
RL   Mol. Plant 7:1288-1302(2014).
RN   [13]
RP   FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.
RX   PubMed=27604697; DOI=10.1105/tpc.16.00428;
RA   Shimoda Y., Ito H., Tanaka A.;
RT   "Arabidopsis STAY-GREEN, Mendel's green cotyledon gene, encodes
RT   magnesium-dechelatase.";
RL   Plant Cell 28:2147-2160(2016).
RN   [14]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=28873256; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13710;
RA   Li Z., Wu S., Chen J., Wang X., Gao J., Ren G., Kuai B.;
RT   "NYEs/SGRs-mediated chlorophyll degradation is critical for
RT   detoxification during seed maturation in Arabidopsis.";
RL   Plant J. 92:650-661(2017).
RN   [15]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=29425814; DOI=10.1016/j.jplph.2018.01.010;
RA   Sato T., Shimoda Y., Matsuda K., Tanaka A., Ito H.;
RT   "Mg-dechelation of chlorophyll a by Stay-Green activates chlorophyll b
RT   degradation through expressing Non-Yellow Coloring 1 in Arabidopsis
RT   thaliana.";
RL   J. Plant Physiol. 222:94-102(2018).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Magnesium chelatase involved in chlorophyll a
CC       degradation in the chlorophyll-protein complexes of photosystem I
CC       (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) (PubMed:27604697). Contributes to
CC       the degradation of PSI and PSII in the thylakoid membranes
CC       (PubMed:27604697). Required to trigger chlorophyll degradation
CC       during natural and dark-induced leaf senescence (Probable)
CC       (PubMed:17468209). Mediates chlorophyll degradation during embryo
CC       degreening (PubMed:24043799, PubMed:28873256). Recombinant SGR1
CC       possesses high dechelating activity against chlorophyll a, very
CC       low activity against chlorophyllide a, and no activity against
CC       chlorophyll b (PubMed:27604697). Magnesium dechelation of
CC       chlorophyll a by SGR1 activates chlorophyll b degradation by
CC       inducing the expression of NYC1, an enzyme involved in chlorophyll
CC       b degradation (PubMed:29425814). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17468209,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24043799, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27604697,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:28873256, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29425814,
CC       ECO:0000305|PubMed:17513504}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=chlorophyll a + 2 H(+) = Mg(2+) + pheophytin a;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:52788, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:18420,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:58416, ChEBI:CHEBI:136840; EC=4.99.1.10;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:27604697};
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with HCAR, the chlorophyll catabolic enzymes
CC       (CCEs) NYC1, PAO and RCCR, and the LHCII complex. Part of a SGR1-
CC       CCE-LHCII complex, which acts in chlorophyll breakdown.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22366162, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23200839}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17468209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22366162}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in roots, leaves, seeds, flowers,
CC       buds, petals, sepals and siliques. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17204643,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:17468209, ECO:0000269|Ref.8}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Constitutively expressed at low level during
CC       leaf development, but up-regulated during seed maturation and
CC       senescence, when the leaf color changes from green to yellow.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17204643, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17468209,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:17513504, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23200839,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24043799, ECO:0000269|Ref.8}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated by dark treatment (PubMed:17468209).
CC       Induced during natural and dark-induced leaf senescence
CC       (PubMed:24719469). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17468209,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24719469}.
CC   -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: RNAi-mediated knockout of the protein
CC       results in a stay-green leaf phenotype. No effect on seed
CC       degreening; probably due to redundancy with SGR1. Sgr1 and sgr2
CC       double mutant has an embryo stay-green phenotype.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17204643}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the staygreen family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AY850161; AAW82962.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; DQ437531; ABD77557.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AL031018; CAA19807.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AL161558; CAB79247.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002687; AEE84681.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002687; ANM67141.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AY063900; AAL36256.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY096504; AAM20154.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY086912; AAM64476.1; -; mRNA.
DR   PIR; T05123; T05123.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001328989.1; NM_001341565.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_567673.1; NM_118421.4.
DR   BioGrid; 13680; 9.
DR   IntAct; O82741; 5.
DR   MINT; O82741; -.
DR   STRING; 3702.AT4G22920.1; -.
DR   PaxDb; O82741; -.
DR   PRIDE; O82741; -.
DR   DNASU; 828391; -.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT4G22920.1; AT4G22920.1; AT4G22920.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT4G22920.2; AT4G22920.2; AT4G22920.
DR   GeneID; 828391; -.
DR   Gramene; AT4G22920.1; AT4G22920.1; AT4G22920.
DR   Gramene; AT4G22920.2; AT4G22920.2; AT4G22920.
DR   KEGG; ath:AT4G22920; -.
DR   Araport; AT4G22920; -.
DR   TAIR; locus:2127153; AT4G22920.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG410IETA; Eukaryota.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG4111UAI; LUCA.
DR   HOGENOM; HOG000243267; -.
DR   InParanoid; O82741; -.
DR   KO; K22013; -.
DR   OMA; CSLSANM; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1194276at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; O82741; -.
DR   BioCyc; MetaCyc:MONOMER-20118; -.
DR   PRO; PR:O82741; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; O82741; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; O82741; AT.
DR   GO; GO:0009535; C:chloroplast thylakoid membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0015996; P:chlorophyll catabolic process; IMP:TAIR.
DR   InterPro; IPR024438; Staygreen.
DR   Pfam; PF12638; Staygreen; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Chlorophyll catabolism; Chloroplast; Complete proteome; Lyase;
KW   Membrane; Plastid; Reference proteome; Thylakoid; Transit peptide.
FT   TRANSIT       1     48       Chloroplast. {ECO:0000255}.
FT   CHAIN        49    268       Magnesium dechelatase SGR1,
FT                                chloroplastic.
FT                                /FTId=PRO_0000425231.
SQ   SEQUENCE   268 AA;  30052 MW;  1B3F128F18EA79B2 CRC64;
     MCSLSAIMLL PTKLKPAYSD KRSNSSSSSS LFFNNRRSKK KNQSIVPVAR LFGPAIFESS
     KLKVLFLGVD EKKHPSTLPR TYTLTHSDIT AKLTLAISQS INNSQLQGWA NRLYRDEVVA
     EWKKVKGKMS LHVHCHISGG HFLLDLFAKF RYFIFCKELP VVLKAFVHGD GNLLNNYPEL
     QEALVWVYFH SNVNEFNKVE CWGPLWEAVS PDGHKTETLP EARCADECSC CFPTVSSIPW
     SHSLSNEGVN GYSGTQTEGI ATPNPEKL
//