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YscF/SctF forms the external needle filament that protrudes from the bacterial surface (PubMed:16135236, PubMed:19968786, PubMed:28196868). Essential for the calcium-dependent regulation of T3SS and Yop secretion (PubMed:16135236). Required to block Yop secretion in the presence of extracellular calcium (PubMed:16135236). May be the extracellular T3SS component that senses extracellular calcium and/or participates in transmitting the calcium signal to the cytoplasmic compartment where the block in secretion is initiated (PubMed:16135236)"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"24643544"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"25644012"}],"value":"During infection, can induce innate immune responses (PubMed:24643544, PubMed:25644012). The needle proteins interact with host TLR2 or TLR4, and induce signaling by NF-kappa-B and/or AP-1 (PubMed:24643544, PubMed:25644012). This activation is MyD88 dependent and results in increased expression of cytokines, including TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 (PubMed:24643544, PubMed:25644012). Innate immune responses are modulated by the N-terminal region of YscF/SctF (PubMed:25644012)"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"18281060"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19968786"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"25644012"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"28196868"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"The secretion and/or polymerization may be controlled by the type III secretion system regulator YopR (PubMed:19968786). Interaction with YscE-YscG chaperone prevents premature polymerization of YscF/SctF in the bacterial cytosol and is required for its stability and efficient secretion (PubMed:18281060, PubMed:29458689). Interaction with the needle adapter protein YscI/SctI is required for YscF/SctF secretion, needle assembly and Yop secretion (PubMed:28196868). The N-terminus varies among bacterial species, not only in amino acid composition but also in the number of amino acids, and may function in manipulating the host response to the advantage of the bacteria (PubMed:25644012). In Y.pestis, the N-terminus can function to decrease cytokine induction, perhaps contributing to a favorable immune environment leading to survival of Y.pestis within the eukaryotic host (PubMed:25644012)"}],"commentType":"ACTIVITY REGULATION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000250","source":"UniProtKB","id":"Q01247"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"15939303"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"18281060"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19968786"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"28196868"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"The core secretion machinery of the T3SS is composed of approximately 20 different proteins, including cytoplasmic components, a base, an export apparatus and a needle (By similarity). This subunit polymerizes and forms the helical needle filament (PubMed:19968786, PubMed:28196868). Forms high-order oligomers in vitro (PubMed:15939303). Forms a stable ternary complex with the YscE-YscG chaperone (PubMed:18281060, PubMed:29458689). Interacts directly with YscG but makes very little direct contact with YscE (PubMed:18281060). Interacts with the needle adapter protein YscI/SctI (PubMed:28196868)"}],"commentType":"SUBUNIT"},{"commentType":"SUBCELLULAR LOCATION","note":{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"Targeted to the T3SS apparatus via the combined action of an N-terminal secretion signal and the YscE-YscG chaperone"}]},"subcellularLocations":[{"location":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"16135236"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"28196868"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"Secreted","id":"SL-0243"}},{"location":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"16135236"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"Cell surface","id":"SL-0310"}}]},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"Contains an N-terminal secretion signal that is required for secretion"}],"commentType":"DOMAIN"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"16135236"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"value":"Deletion mutant shows no secretion of Yops in the presence or absence of calcium (PubMed:16135236). Deletion mutant has no detectable level of YopN secretion, YscF expression or YscEFG assembly, but it expresses normal levels of another Ysc component, YscJ/SctJ (PubMed:29458689)"}],"commentType":"DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"15939303"}],"value":"The YscF/SctF protein can provide a protective immune response against lethal plague challenge during subcutaneous plague infection"}],"commentType":"MISCELLANEOUS"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"value":"Belongs to the SctF family"}],"commentType":"SIMILARITY"}],"features":[{"type":"Chain","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":87,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Type 3 secretion system needle filament protein","featureId":"PRO_0000458644"},{"type":"Mutagenesis","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":8,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Cannot secrete YscF/SctF or YopM.","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"MSNFSGFT","alternativeSequences":["MSIIIIII"]}},{"type":"Mutagenesis","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":8,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Does not affect secretion, T3SS activity and YopM secretion, but secretion is no longer regulated by calcium.","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"MSNFSGFT","alternativeSequences":["MSISSISI","MSSIISSI"]}},{"type":"Mutagenesis","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":8,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Cannot secrete YscF/SctF or YopM.","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"29458689"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"MSNFSGFT","alternativeSequences":["MSSSSSSS"]}},{"type":"Mutagenesis","location":{"start":{"value":2,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":20,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Forms functional needles. 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