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The large subunit (synthetase) binds the substrates ammonia (free or transferred from glutamine from the small subunit), hydrogencarbonate and ATP and carries out an ATP-coupled ligase reaction, activating hydrogencarbonate by forming carboxy phosphate which reacts with ammonia to form carbamoyl phosphate"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"commentType":"CATALYTIC ACTIVITY","reaction":{"name":"hydrogencarbonate + L-glutamine + 2 ATP + H2O = carbamoyl phosphate + L-glutamate + 2 ADP + phosphate + 2 H(+)","reactionCrossReferences":[{"database":"Rhea","id":"RHEA:18633"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:15377"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:15378"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:17544"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:29985"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:30616"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:43474"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:58228"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:58359"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:456216"}],"ecNumber":"6.3.5.5","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"ARBA","id":"ARBA00048816"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}]}},{"commentType":"CATALYTIC ACTIVITY","reaction":{"name":"hydrogencarbonate + NH4(+) + 2 ATP = carbamoyl phosphate + 2 ADP + phosphate + 2 H(+)","reactionCrossReferences":[{"database":"Rhea","id":"RHEA:18029"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:15378"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:17544"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:28938"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:30616"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:43474"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:58228"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:456216"}],"ecNumber":"6.3.4.16","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"ARBA","id":"ARBA00047359"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}]}},{"commentType":"COFACTOR","cofactors":[{"name":"Mg(2+)","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"cofactorCrossReference":{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:18420"}},{"name":"Mn(2+)","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"cofactorCrossReference":{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:29035"}}],"note":{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"value":"Binds 4 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions per subunit."}]}},{"commentType":"COFACTOR","cofactors":[{"name":"Mn(2+)","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"ARBA","id":"ARBA00001936"}],"cofactorCrossReference":{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:29035"}}]},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"ARBA","id":"ARBA00005077"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"value":"Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-arginine biosynthesis; carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate: step 1/1"}],"commentType":"PATHWAY"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"value":"Pyrimidine metabolism; UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway; (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate: step 1/3"}],"commentType":"PATHWAY"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"value":"Composed of two chains; the small (or glutamine) chain promotes the hydrolysis of glutamine to ammonia, which is used by the large (or ammonia) chain to synthesize carbamoyl phosphate. Tetramer of heterodimers (alpha,beta)4"}],"commentType":"SUBUNIT"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01210"}],"value":"The large subunit is composed of 2 ATP-grasp domains that are involved in binding the 2 ATP molecules needed for carbamoyl phosphate synthesis. The N-terminal ATP-grasp domain (referred to as the carboxyphosphate synthetic component) catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of hydrogencarbonate to carboxyphosphate and the subsequent nucleophilic attack by ammonia to form a carbamate intermediate. The C-terminal ATP-grasp domain (referred to as the carbamoyl phosphate synthetic component) then catalyzes the phosphorylation of carbamate with the second ATP to form the end product carbamoyl phosphate. 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