{"entryType":"UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)","primaryAccession":"Q9CXL3","secondaryAccessions":["G5E8F7","Q6PDQ0"],"uniProtkbId":"CHOLN_MOUSE","entryAudit":{"firstPublicDate":"2007-11-13","lastAnnotationUpdateDate":"2026-09-02","lastSequenceUpdateDate":"2012-10-03","entryVersion":127,"sequenceVersion":3},"annotationScore":4.0,"organism":{"scientificName":"Mus musculus","commonName":"Mouse","taxonId":10090,"lineage":["Eukaryota","Metazoa","Chordata","Craniata","Vertebrata","Euteleostomi","Mammalia","Eutheria","Euarchontoglires","Glires","Rodentia","Myomorpha","Muroidea","Muridae","Murinae","Mus","Mus"]},"proteinExistence":"1: Evidence at protein level","proteinDescription":{"recommendedName":{"fullName":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Cholesin"}},"alternativeNames":[{"fullName":{"value":"Protein C7orf50 homolog"}}]},"genes":[{"geneName":{"value":"Chlsn"},"synonyms":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000312","source":"MGI","id":"MGI:1920462"}],"value":"3110082I17Rik"}]}],"comments":[{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Hormone secreted from the intestine in response to cholesterol, where it acts to inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver and VLDL secretion,leading to a reduction in circulating cholesterol levels. Acts through binding to its receptor, GPR146"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"commentType":"SUBCELLULAR LOCATION","note":{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Secretion is induced by feeding and cholesterol absorption"}]},"subcellularLocations":[{"location":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Secreted","id":"SL-0243"}}]},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Secreted via exosomes, secreted from the instestine, secretion is induced by feeding and cholesterol absorption. Expressed in enterocytes"}],"commentType":"TISSUE SPECIFICITY"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Expression is induced by feeding and cholesterol absorption"}],"commentType":"INDUCTION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}],"value":"Intestine-specific knockout mice have elevated plasma cholesterol levels with increased cholesterol synthesis and VLDL secretion"}],"commentType":"DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE"},{"commentType":"SEQUENCE CAUTION","sequenceCautionType":"Frameshift","sequence":"BAB29235.1","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}]}],"features":[{"type":"Chain","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":195,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Cholesin","featureId":"PRO_0000309511"},{"type":"Region","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":78,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Disordered","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":8,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":18,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Basic and acidic residues","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":26,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":39,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Basic and acidic residues","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":53,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":77,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Basic and acidic residues","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Modified residue","location":{"start":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Phosphoserine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000250","source":"UniProtKB","id":"Q5I0E3"}]},{"type":"Modified residue","location":{"start":{"value":48,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":48,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Phosphoserine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007744","source":"PubMed","id":"19144319"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007744","source":"PubMed","id":"21183079"}]},{"type":"Modified residue","location":{"start":{"value":52,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":52,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Phosphoserine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007744","source":"PubMed","id":"21183079"}]},{"type":"Modified residue","location":{"start":{"value":96,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":96,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Phosphoserine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000250","source":"UniProtKB","id":"Q9BRJ6"}]},{"type":"Sequence conflict","location":{"start":{"value":28,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":28,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"in Ref. 1; BAB29235","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"P","alternativeSequences":["R"]}},{"type":"Sequence conflict","location":{"start":{"value":181,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":181,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"in Ref. 1; BAB29235","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"P","alternativeSequences":["R"]}},{"type":"Sequence conflict","location":{"start":{"value":188,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":188,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"in Ref. 1; BAB29235","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"R","alternativeSequences":["H"]}}],"keywords":[{"id":"KW-0597","category":"PTM","name":"Phosphoprotein"},{"id":"KW-1185","category":"Technical term","name":"Reference proteome"},{"id":"KW-0964","category":"Cellular component","name":"Secreted"}],"references":[{"referenceNumber":1,"citation":{"id":"16141072","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Carninci P.","Kasukawa T.","Katayama S.","Gough J.","Frith M.C.","Maeda N.","Oyama R.","Ravasi T.","Lenhard B.","Wells C.","Kodzius R.","Shimokawa K.","Bajic V.B.","Brenner S.E.","Batalov S.","Forrest A.R.","Zavolan M.","Davis M.J.","Wilming L.G.","Aidinis V.","Allen J.E.","Ambesi-Impiombato A.","Apweiler R.","Aturaliya R.N.","Bailey T.L.","Bansal M.","Baxter L.","Beisel K.W.","Bersano T.","Bono H.","Chalk A.M.","Chiu K.P.","Choudhary V.","Christoffels A.","Clutterbuck D.R.","Crowe M.L.","Dalla E.","Dalrymple B.P.","de Bono B.","Della Gatta G.","di Bernardo D.","Down T.","Engstrom P.","Fagiolini M.","Faulkner G.","Fletcher C.F.","Fukushima T.","Furuno M.","Futaki S.","Gariboldi M.","Georgii-Hemming P.","Gingeras T.R.","Gojobori T.","Green R.E.","Gustincich S.","Harbers M.","Hayashi Y.","Hensch T.K.","Hirokawa N.","Hill D.","Huminiecki L.","Iacono M.","Ikeo K.","Iwama A.","Ishikawa T.","Jakt M.","Kanapin A.","Katoh M.","Kawasawa Y.","Kelso J.","Kitamura H.","Kitano H.","Kollias G.","Krishnan S.P.","Kruger A.","Kummerfeld S.K.","Kurochkin I.V.","Lareau L.F.","Lazarevic D.","Lipovich L.","Liu J.","Liuni S.","McWilliam S.","Madan Babu M.","Madera M.","Marchionni L.","Matsuda H.","Matsuzawa S.","Miki H.","Mignone F.","Miyake S.","Morris K.","Mottagui-Tabar S.","Mulder N.","Nakano N.","Nakauchi H.","Ng P.","Nilsson R.","Nishiguchi S.","Nishikawa S.","Nori F.","Ohara O.","Okazaki Y.","Orlando V.","Pang K.C.","Pavan W.J.","Pavesi G.","Pesole G.","Petrovsky N.","Piazza S.","Reed J.","Reid J.F.","Ring B.Z.","Ringwald M.","Rost B.","Ruan Y.","Salzberg S.L.","Sandelin A.","Schneider C.","Schoenbach C.","Sekiguchi K.","Semple C.A.","Seno S.","Sessa L.","Sheng Y.","Shibata Y.","Shimada H.","Shimada K.","Silva D.","Sinclair B.","Sperling S.","Stupka E.","Sugiura K.","Sultana R.","Takenaka Y.","Taki K.","Tammoja K.","Tan S.L.","Tang S.","Taylor M.S.","Tegner J.","Teichmann S.A.","Ueda H.R.","van Nimwegen E.","Verardo R.","Wei C.L.","Yagi K.","Yamanishi H.","Zabarovsky E.","Zhu S.","Zimmer A.","Hide W.","Bult C.","Grimmond S.M.","Teasdale R.D.","Liu E.T.","Brusic V.","Quackenbush J.","Wahlestedt C.","Mattick J.S.","Hume D.A.","Kai C.","Sasaki D.","Tomaru Y.","Fukuda S.","Kanamori-Katayama M.","Suzuki M.","Aoki J.","Arakawa T.","Iida J.","Imamura K.","Itoh M.","Kato T.","Kawaji H.","Kawagashira N.","Kawashima T.","Kojima M.","Kondo S.","Konno H.","Nakano K.","Ninomiya N.","Nishio T.","Okada M.","Plessy C.","Shibata K.","Shiraki T.","Suzuki S.","Tagami M.","Waki K.","Watahiki A.","Okamura-Oho Y.","Suzuki H.","Kawai J.","Hayashizaki Y."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"16141072"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1126/science.1112014"}],"title":"The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome.","publicationDate":"2005","journal":"Science","firstPage":"1559","lastPage":"1563","volume":"309"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"C57BL/6J","type":"STRAIN"},{"value":"Embryonic head","type":"TISSUE"}]},{"referenceNumber":2,"citation":{"id":"19468303","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Church D.M.","Goodstadt L.","Hillier L.W.","Zody M.C.","Goldstein S.","She X.","Bult C.J.","Agarwala R.","Cherry J.L.","DiCuccio M.","Hlavina W.","Kapustin Y.","Meric P.","Maglott D.","Birtle Z.","Marques A.C.","Graves T.","Zhou S.","Teague B.","Potamousis K.","Churas C.","Place M.","Herschleb J.","Runnheim R.","Forrest D.","Amos-Landgraf J.","Schwartz D.C.","Cheng Z.","Lindblad-Toh K.","Eichler E.E.","Ponting C.P."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"19468303"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1000112"}],"title":"Lineage-specific biology revealed by a finished genome assembly of the mouse.","publicationDate":"2009","journal":"PLoS Biol.","firstPage":"E1000112","lastPage":"E1000112","volume":"7"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"C57BL/6J","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":3,"citation":{"id":"CI-70VOHH7BF94TO","citationType":"submission","authors":["Mural R.J.","Adams M.D.","Myers E.W.","Smith H.O.","Venter J.C."],"publicationDate":"JUL-2005","submissionDatabase":"EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]"]},{"referenceNumber":4,"citation":{"id":"19144319","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Trost M.","English L.","Lemieux S.","Courcelles M.","Desjardins M.","Thibault P."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"19144319"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1016/j.immuni.2008.11.006"}],"title":"The phagosomal proteome in interferon-gamma-activated macrophages.","publicationDate":"2009","journal":"Immunity","firstPage":"143","lastPage":"154","volume":"30"},"referencePositions":["PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-48","IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]"]},{"referenceNumber":5,"citation":{"id":"21183079","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Huttlin E.L.","Jedrychowski M.P.","Elias J.E.","Goswami T.","Rad R.","Beausoleil S.A.","Villen J.","Haas W.","Sowa M.E.","Gygi S.P."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"21183079"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.001"}],"title":"A tissue-specific atlas of mouse protein phosphorylation and expression.","publicationDate":"2010","journal":"Cell","firstPage":"1174","lastPage":"1189","volume":"143"},"referencePositions":["PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-48 AND SER-52","IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"Lung","type":"TISSUE"},{"value":"Pancreas","type":"TISSUE"},{"value":"Spleen","type":"TISSUE"},{"value":"Testis","type":"TISSUE"}]},{"referenceNumber":6,"citation":{"id":"38503280","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Hu X.","Chen F.","Jia L.","Long A.","Peng Y.","Li X.","Huang J.","Wei X.","Fang X.","Gao Z.","Zhang M.","Liu X.","Chen Y.G.","Wang Y.","Zhang H.","Wang Y."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"38503280"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.024"}],"title":"A gut-derived hormone regulates cholesterol metabolism.","publicationDate":"2024","journal":"Cell","firstPage":"1685","lastPage":"1700","volume":"187"},"referencePositions":["FUNCTION","TISSUE SPECIFICITY","SUBCELLULAR LOCATION","INDUCTION BY CHOLESTEROL","DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE"]}],"uniProtKBCrossReferences":[{"database":"EMBL","id":"AK014271","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"BAB29235.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"ALT_FRAME"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"mRNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"AC140216","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"-"},{"key":"Status","value":"NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"AC161058","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"-"},{"key":"Status","value":"NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"CH466529","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"EDL19152.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"CCDS","id":"CCDS51684.1","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"RefSeq","id":"NP_082745.2","properties":[{"key":"NucleotideSequenceId","value":"NM_028469.4"}]},{"database":"AlphaFoldDB","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"SMR","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"BioGRID","id":"215841","properties":[{"key":"Interactions","value":"33"}]},{"database":"FunCoup","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Number of interactors","value":"29"}]},{"database":"IntAct","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Interactions","value":"1"}]},{"database":"MINT","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"STRING","id":"10090.ENSMUSP00000069230","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"iPTMnet","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PhosphoSitePlus","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"jPOST","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PaxDb","id":"10090-ENSMUSP00000069230","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PeptideAtlas","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"Pumba","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"Antibodypedia","id":"43531","properties":[{"key":"antibodies","value":"129 antibodies from 26 providers"}]},{"database":"Ensembl","id":"ENSMUST00000066052.12","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"ENSMUSP00000069230.8"},{"key":"GeneId","value":"ENSMUSG00000053553.12"}]},{"database":"GeneID","id":"73212","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"KEGG","id":"mmu:73212","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"UCSC","id":"uc009agk.1","properties":[{"key":"OrganismName","value":"mouse"}]},{"database":"AGR","id":"MGI:1920462","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"CTD","id":"84310","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"MGI","id":"MGI:1920462","properties":[{"key":"GeneName","value":"Chlsn"}]},{"database":"VEuPathDB","id":"HostDB:ENSMUSG00000053553","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"eggNOG","id":"KOG4829","properties":[{"key":"ToxonomicScope","value":"Eukaryota"}]},{"database":"GeneTree","id":"ENSGT00390000017838","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"HOGENOM","id":"CLU_091382_2_0_1","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"InParanoid","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"OMA","id":"CWAENRS","properties":[{"key":"Fingerprint","value":"-"}]},{"database":"OrthoDB","id":"10261563at2759","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PhylomeDB","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"BioGRID-ORCS","id":"73212","properties":[{"key":"hits","value":"5 hits in 76 CRISPR screens"}]},{"database":"PRO","id":"PR:Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"Proteomes","id":"UP000000589","properties":[{"key":"Component","value":"Chromosome 5"}]},{"database":"RNAct","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"moleculeType","value":"protein"}]},{"database":"Bgee","id":"ENSMUSG00000053553","properties":[{"key":"ExpressionPatterns","value":"Expressed in yolk sac and 176 other cell types or tissues"}]},{"database":"ExpressionAtlas","id":"Q9CXL3","properties":[{"key":"ExpressionPatterns","value":"baseline and differential"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0005576","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"C:extracellular region"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"EXP:UniProtKB"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"38503280"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0005179","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"F:hormone activity"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"ISO:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0007193","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"ISO:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0045541","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"ISO:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0045542","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"ISO:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0045540","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"ISO:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR019327","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"WKF"}]},{"database":"PANTHER","id":"PTHR22306","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"CHROMOSOME 7 OPEN READING FRAME 50"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PANTHER","id":"PTHR22306:SF2","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"CHROMOSOME 7 OPEN READING FRAME 50"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Pfam","id":"PF10180","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"WKF"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]}],"sequence":{"value":"MAKHKRKGLEGTGKESKRQKITPAEETPRTSEAGPDKETASTLVQEASPELSPEERRVLERKLKKERKKEEKKRLREAGIAATQTAKVQTLPAKPSAATLALEYLQGWAQKQESWRFQKTRQTWLLLHMYDEDKVPDEHFPTLLDYLEGLRGSARELTVRKAEALMQKLDEAEPEDSGGSPGKVQRLRQVLQLLS","length":195,"molWeight":22168,"crc64":"04CCCB17F8EBB73D","md5":"FDD981519327A6D373CEBF1145D52E6D"},"extraAttributes":{"countByCommentType":{"FUNCTION":1,"SUBCELLULAR LOCATION":1,"TISSUE SPECIFICITY":1,"INDUCTION":1,"DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE":1,"SEQUENCE CAUTION":1},"countByFeatureType":{"Chain":1,"Region":1,"Compositional bias":3,"Modified residue":4,"Sequence conflict":3},"uniParcId":"UPI000150640D"}}