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Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation and cell growth (PubMed:20011113, PubMed:23927792). Ectopic expression in wild-type M.tuberculosis has no effect on cell growth; ectopic expression in a triple higB1-higA1-Rv1957 (delta TAC) disruption mutant causes growth arrest, killing a considerable proportion of the cells. Increased ectopic expression leads to decreased levels of IdeR- and Zur-regulated genes as well as cleavage within the mRNA region of tmRNA (transfer-mRNA), strongly suggesting it is an endoribonuclease; also degrades E.coli and M-smegmatis tmRNA (PubMed:23927792). Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with antitoxin HigA. Neutralization of HigB1 toxin in E.coli or M.marinum also requires SecB-like chaperone Rv1957, making this the first toxin-antitoxin chaperone (TAC) system (PubMed:21536872)"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19118359"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"20011113"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"20585061"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"21673191"}],"value":"Induced by hypoxia and by DNA damaging agent mitomycin C. Part of the Rv1954A-higB1-higA1-Rv1957 operon, as well as the higB1-higA1-Rv1957 operon, which is probably the mitomycin-induced operon; the former but not latter operon is autorepressed by HigA1 (PubMed:20585061). Induced in persister cells in response to D-cycloserine (PubMed:21673191)"}],"commentType":"INDUCTION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"20585061"}],"value":"A triple higB1-higA1-Rv1957 disruption mutant has no visible phenotype"}],"commentType":"DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"value":"Belongs to the mycobacterial HigB family"}],"commentType":"SIMILARITY"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305","source":"PubMed","id":"19016878"}],"value":"Upon expression in E.coli, Rv1955 has been shown to function as an antitoxin against Rv1956 (PubMed:19016878). It is not clear if these conflicting results are due to expression in a heterologous system. The gene names higA and higB have been assigned to both Rv1955 and Rv1956; we have chosen to call Rv1955 higB1 after consulting the authors"}],"commentType":"CAUTION"}],"features":[{"type":"Chain","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":125,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Probable endoribonuclease HigB1","featureId":"PRO_0000407370"},{"type":"Beta strand","location":{"start":{"value":17,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":20,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7NBU"}]},{"type":"Helix","location":{"start":{"value":24,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":30,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Helix","location":{"start":{"value":34,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":49,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Helix","location":{"start":{"value":54,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":56,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Beta strand","location":{"start":{"value":57,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":61,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Beta strand","location":{"start":{"value":64,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":68,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Helix","location":{"start":{"value":70,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":72,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Beta strand","location":{"start":{"value":76,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":83,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Beta strand","location":{"start":{"value":86,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":94,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Beta strand","location":{"start":{"value":96,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":99,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]},{"type":"Helix","location":{"start":{"value":102,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":119,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0007829","source":"PDB","id":"7AWK"}]}],"keywords":[{"id":"KW-0002","category":"Technical term","name":"3D-structure"},{"id":"KW-0255","category":"Molecular function","name":"Endonuclease"},{"id":"KW-0378","category":"Molecular function","name":"Hydrolase"},{"id":"KW-0540","category":"Molecular function","name":"Nuclease"},{"id":"KW-1185","category":"Technical term","name":"Reference proteome"},{"id":"KW-1277","category":"Biological process","name":"Toxin-antitoxin system"}],"references":[{"referenceNumber":1,"citation":{"id":"9634230","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Cole S.T.","Brosch R.","Parkhill J.","Garnier T.","Churcher C.M.","Harris D.E.","Gordon S.V.","Eiglmeier K.","Gas S.","Barry C.E. 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