{"entryType":"UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)","primaryAccession":"P10725","secondaryAccessions":["P96620"],"uniProtkbId":"ALR1_BACSU","entryAudit":{"firstPublicDate":"1989-07-01","lastAnnotationUpdateDate":"2026-09-02","lastSequenceUpdateDate":"1998-12-15","entryVersion":164,"sequenceVersion":2},"annotationScore":3.0,"organism":{"scientificName":"Bacillus subtilis (strain 168)","taxonId":224308,"lineage":["Bacteria","Bacillati","Bacillota","Bacilli","Caryophanales","Bacillaceae","Bacillus"]},"proteinExistence":"3: Inferred from homology","proteinDescription":{"recommendedName":{"fullName":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"value":"Alanine racemase 1"},"ecNumbers":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"value":"5.1.1.1"}]}},"genes":[{"geneName":{"value":"alr1"},"synonyms":[{"value":"alr"},{"value":"dal"}],"orderedLocusNames":[{"value":"BSU04640"}]}],"comments":[{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"value":"Catalyzes the interconversion of L-alanine and D-alanine. May also act on other amino acids"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"commentType":"CATALYTIC ACTIVITY","reaction":{"name":"L-alanine = D-alanine","reactionCrossReferences":[{"database":"Rhea","id":"RHEA:20249"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:57416"},{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:57972"}],"ecNumber":"5.1.1.1","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}]}},{"commentType":"COFACTOR","cofactors":[{"name":"pyridoxal 5'-phosphate","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"cofactorCrossReference":{"database":"ChEBI","id":"CHEBI:597326"}}]},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"value":"Amino-acid biosynthesis; D-alanine biosynthesis; D-alanine from L-alanine: step 1/1"}],"commentType":"PATHWAY"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"value":"Belongs to the alanine racemase family"}],"commentType":"SIMILARITY"}],"features":[{"type":"Chain","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":389,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Alanine racemase 1","featureId":"PRO_0000114500"},{"type":"Active site","location":{"start":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Proton acceptor; specific for D-alanine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}]},{"type":"Active site","location":{"start":{"value":266,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":266,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Proton acceptor; specific for L-alanine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}]},{"type":"Binding site","location":{"start":{"value":137,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":137,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"ligand":{"name":"substrate"}},{"type":"Binding site","location":{"start":{"value":313,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":313,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}],"ligand":{"name":"substrate"}},{"type":"Modified residue","location":{"start":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"N6-(pyridoxal phosphate)lysine","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"HAMAP-Rule","id":"MF_01201"}]},{"type":"Sequence conflict","location":{"start":{"value":40,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":40,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"in Ref. 1; AAA22378","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"V","alternativeSequences":["E"]}},{"type":"Sequence conflict","location":{"start":{"value":66,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":66,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"in Ref. 1; AAA22378","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}],"alternativeSequence":{"originalSequence":"V","alternativeSequences":["M"]}}],"keywords":[{"id":"KW-0413","category":"Molecular function","name":"Isomerase"},{"id":"KW-0663","category":"Ligand","name":"Pyridoxal phosphate"},{"id":"KW-1185","category":"Technical term","name":"Reference proteome"}],"references":[{"referenceNumber":1,"citation":{"id":"CI-DC2M8AU33DI5O","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Ferrari E.","Henner D.J.","Yang M.Y."],"title":"Isolation of an alanine racemase gene from Bacillus subtilis and its use for plasmid maintenance in B. subtilis.","publicationDate":"1985","journal":"Biotechnology (N.Y.)","firstPage":"1003","lastPage":"1007","volume":"3"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]"]},{"referenceNumber":2,"citation":{"id":"CI-88S9H0MCUTQUV","citationType":"submission","authors":["Kasahara Y.","Nakai S.","Lee S.","Sadaie Y.","Ogasawara N."],"title":"A 148 kbp sequence of the region between 35 and 47 degree of the Bacillus subtilis genome.","publicationDate":"MAR-1997","submissionDatabase":"EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"168","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":3,"citation":{"id":"9384377","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Kunst F.","Ogasawara N.","Moszer I.","Albertini A.M.","Alloni G.","Azevedo V.","Bertero M.G.","Bessieres P.","Bolotin A.","Borchert S.","Borriss R.","Boursier L.","Brans A.","Braun M.","Brignell S.C.","Bron S.","Brouillet S.","Bruschi C.V.","Caldwell B.","Capuano V.","Carter N.M.","Choi S.-K.","Codani J.-J.","Connerton I.F.","Cummings N.J.","Daniel R.A.","Denizot F.","Devine K.M.","Duesterhoeft A.","Ehrlich S.D.","Emmerson P.T.","Entian K.-D.","Errington J.","Fabret C.","Ferrari E.","Foulger D.","Fritz C.","Fujita M.","Fujita Y.","Fuma S.","Galizzi A.","Galleron N.","Ghim S.-Y.","Glaser P.","Goffeau A.","Golightly E.J.","Grandi G.","Guiseppi G.","Guy B.J.","Haga K.","Haiech J.","Harwood C.R.","Henaut A.","Hilbert H.","Holsappel S.","Hosono S.","Hullo M.-F.","Itaya M.","Jones L.-M.","Joris B.","Karamata D.","Kasahara Y.","Klaerr-Blanchard M.","Klein C.","Kobayashi Y.","Koetter P.","Koningstein G.","Krogh S.","Kumano M.","Kurita K.","Lapidus A.","Lardinois S.","Lauber J.","Lazarevic V.","Lee S.-M.","Levine A.","Liu H.","Masuda S.","Mauel C.","Medigue C.","Medina N.","Mellado R.P.","Mizuno M.","Moestl D.","Nakai S.","Noback M.","Noone D.","O'Reilly M.","Ogawa K.","Ogiwara A.","Oudega B.","Park S.-H.","Parro V.","Pohl T.M.","Portetelle D.","Porwollik S.","Prescott A.M.","Presecan E.","Pujic P.","Purnelle B.","Rapoport G.","Rey M.","Reynolds S.","Rieger M.","Rivolta C.","Rocha E.","Roche B.","Rose M.","Sadaie Y.","Sato T.","Scanlan E.","Schleich S.","Schroeter R.","Scoffone F.","Sekiguchi J.","Sekowska A.","Seror S.J.","Serror P.","Shin B.-S.","Soldo B.","Sorokin A.","Tacconi E.","Takagi T.","Takahashi H.","Takemaru K.","Takeuchi M.","Tamakoshi A.","Tanaka T.","Terpstra P.","Tognoni A.","Tosato V.","Uchiyama S.","Vandenbol M.","Vannier F.","Vassarotti A.","Viari A.","Wambutt R.","Wedler E.","Wedler H.","Weitzenegger T.","Winters P.","Wipat A.","Yamamoto H.","Yamane K.","Yasumoto K.","Yata K.","Yoshida K.","Yoshikawa H.-F.","Zumstein E.","Yoshikawa H.","Danchin A."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"9384377"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1038/36786"}],"title":"The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis.","publicationDate":"1997","journal":"Nature","firstPage":"249","lastPage":"256","volume":"390"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"168","type":"STRAIN"}]}],"uniProtKBCrossReferences":[{"database":"EMBL","id":"M16207","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"AAA22378.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"AB001488","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"BAA19301.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"AL009126","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"CAB12271.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"PIR","id":"JS0443","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"JS0443"}]},{"database":"RefSeq","id":"WP_003234284.1","properties":[{"key":"NucleotideSequenceId","value":"NC_000964.3"}]},{"database":"AlphaFoldDB","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"SMR","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"FunCoup","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Number of interactors","value":"386"}]},{"database":"STRING","id":"224308.BSU04640","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"jPOST","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PaxDb","id":"224308-BSU04640","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"EnsemblBacteria","id":"CAB12271","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"CAB12271"},{"key":"GeneId","value":"BSU_04640"}]},{"database":"GeneID","id":"939942","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"KEGG","id":"bsu:BSU04640","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PATRIC","id":"fig|224308.179.peg.492","properties":[{"key":"GeneDesignation","value":"-"}]},{"database":"eggNOG","id":"COG0787","properties":[{"key":"ToxonomicScope","value":"Bacteria"}]},{"database":"InParanoid","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"OrthoDB","id":"9813814at2","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PhylomeDB","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"BioCyc","id":"BSUB:BSU04640-MONOMER","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"BRENDA","id":"5.1.1.1","properties":[{"key":"OrganismId","value":"658"}]},{"database":"SABIO-RK","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"UniPathway","id":"UPA00042","properties":[{"key":"RectionId","value":"UER00497"}]},{"database":"Proteomes","id":"UP000001570","properties":[{"key":"Component","value":"Chromosome"}]},{"database":"AbasyAtlas","id":"P10725","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0005829","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"C:cytosol"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IBA:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0008784","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"F:alanine racemase activity"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IBA:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0030170","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"F:pyridoxal phosphate binding"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IBA:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0030632","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:D-alanine biosynthetic process"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IBA:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0009252","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:peptidoglycan biosynthetic process"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IBA:GO_Central"}]},{"database":"CDD","id":"cd00430","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"PLPDE_III_AR"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"FunFam","id":"2.40.37.10:FF:000006","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Alanine racemase"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"FunFam","id":"3.20.20.10:FF:000002","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Alanine racemase"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Gene3D","id":"3.20.20.10","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Alanine racemase"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Gene3D","id":"2.40.37.10","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Lyase, Ornithine Decarboxylase, Chain A, domain 1"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"HAMAP","id":"MF_01201","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR000821","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR009006","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase/Decarboxylase_C"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR011079","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase_C"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR001608","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase_N"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR020622","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase_pyridoxalP-BS"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR029066","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"PLP-binding_barrel"}]},{"database":"NCBIfam","id":"TIGR00492","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"alr"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PANTHER","id":"PTHR30511","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"ALANINE RACEMASE"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PANTHER","id":"PTHR30511:SF0","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"ALANINE RACEMASE, CATABOLIC-RELATED"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Pfam","id":"PF00842","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase_C"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Pfam","id":"PF01168","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase_N"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PRINTS","id":"PR00992","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"ALARACEMASE"}]},{"database":"SMART","id":"SM01005","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Ala_racemase_C"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"SUPFAM","id":"SSF50621","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Alanine racemase C-terminal domain-like"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"SUPFAM","id":"SSF51419","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"PLP-binding barrel"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PROSITE","id":"PS00395","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"ALANINE_RACEMASE"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]}],"sequence":{"value":"MSTKPFYRDTWAEIDLSAIKENVSNMKKHIGEHVHLMAVVKANAYGHGDAETAKAALDAGASCLAVAILDEAISLRKKGLKAPILVLGAVPPEYVAIAAEYDVTLTGYSVEWLQEAARHTKKGSLHFHLKVDTGMNRLGVKTEEEVQNVMAILDRNPRLKCKGVFTHFATADEKERGYFLMQFERFKELIAPLPLKNLMVHCANSAAGLRLKKGFFNAVRFGIGMYGLRPSADMSDEIPFQLRPAFTLHSTLSHVKLIRKGESVSYGAEYTAEKDTWIGTVPVGYADGWLRKLKGTDILVKGKRLKIAGRICMDQFMVELDQEYPPGTKVTLIGRQGDEYISMDEIAGRLETINYEVACTISSRVPRMFLENGSIMEVRNPLLQVNISN","length":389,"molWeight":43265,"crc64":"4802B7C182ACCD58","md5":"7B104D86247F88179CE16C2FBAFE92C5"},"extraAttributes":{"countByCommentType":{"FUNCTION":1,"CATALYTIC ACTIVITY":1,"COFACTOR":1,"PATHWAY":1,"SIMILARITY":1},"countByFeatureType":{"Chain":1,"Active site":2,"Binding site":2,"Modified residue":1,"Sequence conflict":2},"uniParcId":"UPI000005FF72"}}