ID INS_HUMAN Reviewed; 110 AA. AC P01308; Q5EEX2; DT 21-JUL-1986, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 21-JUL-1986, sequence version 1. DT 18-JUN-2025, entry version 281. DE RecName: Full=Insulin; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Insulin B chain; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Insulin A chain; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=INS; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=6243748; DOI=10.1038/284026a0; RA Bell G.I., Pictet R.L., Rutter W.J., Cordell B., Tischer E., Goodman H.M.; RT "Sequence of the human insulin gene."; RL Nature 284:26-32(1980). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=6248962; DOI=10.1126/science.6248962; RA Ullrich A., Dull T.J., Gray A., Brosius J., Sures I.; RT "Genetic variation in the human insulin gene."; RL Science 209:612-615(1980). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=503234; DOI=10.1038/282525a0; RA Bell G.I., Swain W.F., Pictet R.L., Cordell B., Goodman H.M., Rutter W.J.; RT "Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone encoding human preproinsulin."; RL Nature 282:525-527(1979). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=6927840; DOI=10.1126/science.6927840; RA Sures I., Goeddel D.V., Gray A., Ullrich A.; RT "Nucleotide sequence of human preproinsulin complementary DNA."; RL Science 208:57-59(1980). RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=8358440; DOI=10.1038/ng0793-305; RA Lucassen A.M., Julier C., Beressi J.-P., Boitard C., Froguel P., RA Lathrop M., Bell J.I.; RT "Susceptibility to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus maps to a 4.1 kb RT segment of DNA spanning the insulin gene and associated VNTR."; RL Nat. Genet. 4:305-310(1993). RN [6] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RX PubMed=15070567; DOI=10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15438-x; RA Minn A.H., Kayton M., Lorang D., Hoffmann S.C., Harlan D.M., Libutti S.K., RA Shalev A.; RT "Insulinomas and expression of an insulin splice variant."; RL Lancet 363:363-367(2004). RN [7] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=12952878; DOI=10.1101/gr.948003; RA Stead J.D.H., Hurles M.E., Jeffreys A.J.; RT "Global haplotype diversity in the human insulin gene region."; RL Genome Res. 13:2101-2111(2003). RN [8] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RA Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., RA Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., RA Phelan M., Farmer A.; RT "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector."; RL Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [9] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RA Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., RA Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., RA Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., RA Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., RA Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., RA Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., RA Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.; RL Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [10] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Pancreas; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [11] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-59. RC TISSUE=Blood; RA Fajardy I.I., Weill J.J., Stuckens C.C., Danze P.M.P.; RT "Description of a novel RFLP diallelic polymorphism (-127 BsgI C/G) within RT the 5' region of insulin gene."; RL Submitted (JUL-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [12] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-54 AND 90-110. RX PubMed=14426955; DOI=10.1038/187483a0; RA Nicol D.S.H.W., Smith L.F.; RT "Amino-acid sequence of human insulin."; RL Nature 187:483-485(1960). RN [13] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 57-87. RX PubMed=5101771; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(19)76984-1; RA Oyer P.E., Cho S., Peterson J.D., Steiner D.F.; RT "Studies on human proinsulin. Isolation and amino acid sequence of the RT human pancreatic C-peptide."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 246:1375-1386(1971). RN [14] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 57-87. RX PubMed=5560404; DOI=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01378.x; RA Ko A., Smyth D.G., Markussen J., Sundby F.; RT "The amino acid sequence of the C-peptide of human proinsulin."; RL Eur. J. Biochem. 20:190-199(1971). RN [15] RP SYNTHESIS. RX PubMed=4443293; DOI=10.1002/hlca.19740570839; RA Sieber P., Kamber B., Hartmann A., Joehl A., Riniker B., Rittel W.; RT "Total synthesis of human insulin under directed formation of the disulfide RT bonds."; RL Helv. Chim. Acta 57:2617-2621(1974). RN [16] RP SYNTHESIS OF 57-87. RX PubMed=4803504; DOI=10.1515/bchm2.1973.354.1.659; RA Naithani V.K.; RT "Studies on polypeptides, IV. The synthesis of C-peptide of human RT proinsulin."; RL Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 354:659-672(1973). RN [17] RP SYNTHESIS OF 65-69 AND 70-73. RX PubMed=4698555; DOI=10.1002/cber.19731060124; RA Geiger R., Volk A.; RT "Synthesis of peptides with the properties of human proinsulin C peptides RT (hC peptide). 3. Synthesis of the sequences 14-17 and 9-13 of human RT proinsulin C peptides."; RL Chem. Ber. 106:199-205(1973). RN [18] RP SYNTHESIS OF 84-87. RX PubMed=4698553; DOI=10.1002/cber.19731060122; RA Geiger R., Jaeger G., Keonig W., Treuth G.; RT "Synthesis of peptides with the properties of human proinsulin C peptides RT (hC peptide). I. Scheme for the synthesis and preparation of the sequence RT 28-31 of human proinsulin C peptide."; RL Chem. Ber. 106:188-192(1973). RN [19] RP VARIANT HPRI SER-48. RX PubMed=6312455; DOI=10.1073/pnas.80.20.6366; RA Haneda M., Chan S.J., Kwok S.C.M., Rubenstein A.H., Steiner D.F.; RT "Studies on mutant human insulin genes: identification and sequence RT analysis of a gene encoding [SerB24]insulin."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80:6366-6370(1983). RN [20] RP VARIANT HPRI SER-48, AND VARIANT LEU-49. RX PubMed=6424111; DOI=10.1073/pnas.80.24.7390; RA Shoelson S., Fickova M., Haneda M., Nahum A., Musso G., Kaiser E.T., RA Rubenstein A.H., Tager H.; RT "Identification of a mutant human insulin predicted to contain a serine- RT for-phenylalanine substitution."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80:7390-7394(1983). RN [21] RP VARIANT HPRI ASP-34. RX PubMed=3470784; DOI=10.1073/pnas.84.8.2194; RA Chan S.J., Seino S., Gruppuso P.A., Schwartz R., Steiner D.F.; RT "A mutation in the B chain coding region is associated with impaired RT proinsulin conversion in a family with hyperproinsulinemia."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:2194-2197(1987). RN [22] RP VARIANT WAKAYAMA LEU-92. RX PubMed=3537011; DOI=10.1172/jci112760; RA Sakura H., Iwamoto Y., Sakamoto Y., Kuzuya T., Hirata H.; RT "Structurally abnormal insulin in a diabetic patient. Characterization of RT the mutant insulin A3 (Val-->Leu) isolated from the pancreas."; RL J. Clin. Invest. 78:1666-1672(1986). RN [23] RP VARIANT HPRI HIS-89. RX PubMed=2196279; DOI=10.1210/jcem-71-1-164; RA Barbetti F., Raben N., Kadowaki T., Cama A., Accili D., Gabbay K.H., RA Merenich J.A., Taylor S.I., Roth J.; RT "Two unrelated patients with familial hyperproinsulinemia due to a mutation RT substituting histidine for arginine at position 65 in the proinsulin RT molecule: identification of the mutation by direct sequencing of genomic RT deoxyribonucleic acid amplified by polymerase chain reaction."; RL J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 71:164-169(1990). RN [24] RP VARIANT HPRI HIS-89. RX PubMed=4019786; DOI=10.1172/jci111973; RA Shibasaki Y., Kawakami T., Kanazawa Y., Akanuma Y., Takaku F.; RT "Posttranslational cleavage of proinsulin is blocked by a point mutation in RT familial hyperproinsulinemia."; RL J. Clin. Invest. 76:378-380(1985). RN [25] RP VARIANT HPRI LEU-89. RX PubMed=1601997; DOI=10.1172/jci115795; RA Yano H., Kitano N., Morimoto M., Polonsky K.S., Imura H., Seino Y.; RT "A novel point mutation in the human insulin gene giving rise to RT hyperproinsulinemia (proinsulin Kyoto)."; RL J. Clin. Invest. 89:1902-1907(1992). RN [26] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR. RX PubMed=2271664; DOI=10.1021/bi00498a018; RA Hua Q.-X., Weiss M.A.; RT "Toward the solution structure of human insulin: sequential 2D 1H NMR RT assignment of a des-pentapeptide analogue and comparison with crystal RT structure."; RL Biochemistry 29:10545-10555(1990). RN [27] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR. RX PubMed=2036420; DOI=10.1021/bi00236a025; RA Hua Q.-X., Weiss M.A.; RT "Comparative 2D NMR studies of human insulin and des-pentapeptide insulin: RT sequential resonance assignment and implications for protein dynamics and RT receptor recognition."; RL Biochemistry 30:5505-5515(1991). RN [28] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR. RX PubMed=1646635; DOI=10.1016/0167-4838(91)90098-k; RA Hua Q.-X., Weiss M.A.; RT "Two-dimensional NMR studies of Des-(B26-B30)-insulin: sequence-specific RT resonance assignments and effects of solvent composition."; RL Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1078:101-110(1991). RN [29] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 90-110 AND 25-54, AND DISULFIDE BONDS. RX PubMed=1433291; DOI=10.1016/0022-2836(92)90527-q; RA Joergensen A.M.M., Kristensen S.M., Led J.J., Balschmidt P.; RT "Three-dimensional solution structure of an insulin dimer. A study of the RT B9(Asp) mutant of human insulin using nuclear magnetic resonance, distance RT geometry and restrained molecular dynamics."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 227:1146-1163(1992). RN [30] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 90-110 AND 25-54 OF VARIANT HPRI SER-48, AND DISULFIDE RP BONDS. RX PubMed=8421693; DOI=10.1073/pnas.90.2.582; RA Hua Q.-X., Shoelson S.E., Inouye K., Weiss M.A.; RT "Paradoxical structure and function in a mutant human insulin associated RT with diabetes mellitus."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:582-586(1993). RN [31] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 90-110 AND 25-54, AND DISULFIDE BONDS. RX PubMed=9235985; DOI=10.1021/bi9631069; RA Chang X., Joergensen A.M., Bardrum P., Led J.J.; RT "Solution structures of the R6 human insulin hexamer."; RL Biochemistry 36:9409-9422(1997). RN [32] RP VARIANTS PNDM4 ASP-24; ARG-32; SER-32; GLY-43; VAL-47; CYS-48; CYS-89; RP CYS-90; TYR-96 AND CYS-108. RX PubMed=17855560; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0707291104; RA Stoy J., Edghill E.L., Flanagan S.E., Ye H., Paz V.P., Pluzhnikov A., RA Below J.E., Hayes M.G., Cox N.J., Lipkind G.M., Lipton R.B., Greeley S.A., RA Patch A.M., Ellard S., Steiner D.F., Hattersley A.T., Philipson L.H., RA Bell G.I.; RT "Insulin gene mutations as a cause of permanent neonatal diabetes."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:15040-15044(2007). RN [33] RP VARIANTS PNDM4 ASP-24; ASP-29; ARG-32; SER-32; PRO-35; GLY-43; VAL-47; RP CYS-48; ARG-84; CYS-89; CYS-90; SER-96; TYR-96; CYS-101; CYS-103 AND RP CYS-108, VARIANT MODY10 CYS-6, AND VARIANT MET-68. RX PubMed=18162506; DOI=10.2337/db07-1405; RA Edghill E.L., Flanagan S.E., Patch A.M., Boustred C., Parrish A., RA Shields B., Shepherd M.H., Hussain K., Kapoor R.R., Malecki M., RA MacDonald M.J., Stoy J., Steiner D.F., Philipson L.H., Bell G.I., RA Hattersley A.T., Ellard S.; RT "Insulin mutation screening in 1,044 patients with diabetes: mutations in RT the INS gene are a common cause of neonatal diabetes but a rare cause of RT diabetes diagnosed in childhood or adulthood."; RL Diabetes 57:1034-1042(2008). RN [34] RP VARIANT MODY10 GLN-46, AND VARIANT T1D2 CYS-55. RX PubMed=18192540; DOI=10.2337/db07-1467; RA Molven A., Ringdal M., Nordbo A.M., Raeder H., Stoy J., Lipkind G.M., RA Steiner D.F., Philipson L.H., Bergmann I., Aarskog D., Undlien D.E., RA Joner G., Sovik O., Bell G.I., Njolstad P.R.; RT "Mutations in the insulin gene can cause MODY and autoantibody-negative RT type 1 diabetes."; RL Diabetes 57:1131-1135(2008). RN [35] RP VARIANTS MODY10 HIS-6 AND GLN-46. RX PubMed=20226046; DOI=10.1186/1471-2350-11-42; RA Boesgaard T.W., Pruhova S., Andersson E.A., Cinek O., Obermannova B., RA Lauenborg J., Damm P., Bergholdt R., Pociot F., Pisinger C., Barbetti F., RA Lebl J., Pedersen O., Hansen T.; RT "Further evidence that mutations in INS can be a rare cause of Maturity- RT Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)."; RL BMC Med. Genet. 11:42-42(2010). RN [36] RP VARIANT MODY10 GLN-46, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT MODY10 GLN-46, STRUCTURE RP BY NMR OF 90-110 AND 25-54, DISULFIDE BONDS OF VARIANT MODY10 GLN-46, AND RP SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=25423173; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0112883; RA Krizkova K., Veverka V., Maletinska L., Hexnerova R., Brzozowski A.M., RA Jiracek J., Zakova L.; RT "Structural and functional study of the GlnB22-insulin mutant responsible RT for maturity-onset diabetes of the young."; RL PLoS ONE 9:E112883-E112883(2014). CC -!- FUNCTION: Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases CC cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It CC accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen CC synthesis in liver. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two CC disulfide bonds (PubMed:25423173). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25423173}. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC P01308; Q6UY14-3: ADAMTSL4; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-10173507; CC P01308; A8MQ03: CYSRT1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-3867333; CC P01308; P14735-1: IDE; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-15607031; CC P01308; P01308: INS; NbExp=19; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-7090529; CC P01308; P06213-2: INSR; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-9984921; CC P01308; Q07627: KRTAP1-1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-11959885; CC P01308; Q8IUG1: KRTAP1-3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-11749135; CC P01308; P0DPK4: NOTCH2NLC; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-7090529, EBI-22310682; CC PRO_0000015820; P11142: HSPA8; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-20765227, EBI-351896; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; CC Name=1; CC IsoId=P01308-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC Name=2; Synonyms=INS-IGF2; CC IsoId=F8WCM5-1; Sequence=External; CC -!- DISEASE: Hyperproinsulinemia (HPRI) [MIM:616214]: An autosomal dominant CC condition characterized by elevated levels of serum proinsulin-like CC material. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1601997, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2196279, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:3470784, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4019786, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:6312455, ECO:0000269|PubMed:6424111, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8421693}. Note=The disease is caused by variants CC affecting the gene represented in this entry. CC -!- DISEASE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus 2 (T1D2) [MIM:125852]: A CC multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by CC susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. CC Clinical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result CC from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These CC derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, CC kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18192540}. CC Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented CC in this entry. CC -!- DISEASE: Diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal, 4 (PNDM4) [MIM:618858]: CC A form of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus, a type of diabetes CC characterized by onset of persistent hyperglycemia within the first six CC months of life. Initial clinical manifestations include intrauterine CC growth retardation, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, osmotic polyuria, severe CC dehydration, and failure to thrive. PNDM4 transmission pattern is CC consistent with autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506}. Note=The CC disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this CC entry. CC -!- DISEASE: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 10 (MODY10) [MIM:613370]: CC A form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode CC of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before CC 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent CC insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18192540, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20226046, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25423173}. Note=The CC disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this CC entry. CC -!- PHARMACEUTICAL: Available under the names Humulin or Humalog (Eli CC Lilly) and Novolin (Novo Nordisk). Used in the treatment of diabetes. CC Humalog is an insulin analog with 52-Lys-Pro-53 instead of 52-Pro-Lys- CC 53. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the insulin family. {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION: CC Sequence=AAA59179.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Protein Spotlight; Note=Protein of the 20th century CC - Issue 9 of April 2001; CC URL="https://www.proteinspotlight.org/back_issues/009"; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Insulin entry; CC URL="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin"; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; V00565; CAA23828.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M10039; AAA59173.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; J00265; AAA59172.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; X70508; CAA49913.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; L15440; AAA59179.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AY899304; AAW83741.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY138590; AAN39451.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BT006808; AAP35454.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; CH471158; EAX02488.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BC005255; AAH05255.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AJ009655; CAA08766.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR CCDS; CCDS7729.1; -. [P01308-1] DR PIR; A93222; IPHU. DR RefSeq; NP_000198.1; NM_000207.3. [P01308-1] DR RefSeq; NP_001172026.1; NM_001185097.2. [P01308-1] DR RefSeq; NP_001172027.1; NM_001185098.2. [P01308-1] DR RefSeq; NP_001278826.1; NM_001291897.2. [P01308-1] DR PDB; 1A7F; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 1AI0; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1AIY; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1B9E; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1BEN; X-ray; 1.40 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1EFE; NMR; -; A=25-54, A=90-110. DR PDB; 1EV3; X-ray; 1.78 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1EV6; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1EVR; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1FU2; X-ray; 3.24 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 1FUB; X-ray; 3.09 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1G7A; X-ray; 1.20 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 1G7B; X-ray; 1.30 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 1GUJ; X-ray; 1.62 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1HIQ; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1HIS; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-49. DR PDB; 1HIT; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1HLS; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1HTV; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-51. DR PDB; 1HUI; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=26-53. DR PDB; 1IOG; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 1IOH; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 1J73; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1JCA; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1JCO; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1JK8; X-ray; 2.40 A; C=35-47. DR PDB; 1K3M; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1KMF; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1LKQ; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1LPH; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1MHI; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1MHJ; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1MSO; X-ray; 1.00 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1OS3; X-ray; 1.95 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1OS4; X-ray; 2.25 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1Q4V; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1QIY; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1QIZ; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1QJ0; X-ray; 2.40 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1RWE; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1SF1; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1SJT; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-51. DR PDB; 1SJU; NMR; -; A=25-110. DR PDB; 1T0C; NMR; -; A=57-87. DR PDB; 1T1K; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1T1P; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1T1Q; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1TRZ; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1TYL; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1TYM; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1UZ9; X-ray; 1.60 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 1VKT; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1W8P; X-ray; 2.08 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 1XDA; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-53. DR PDB; 1XGL; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 1XW7; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1ZEG; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1ZEH; X-ray; 1.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 1ZNJ; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 2AIY; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 2C8Q; X-ray; 1.95 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 2C8R; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 2CEU; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-49. DR PDB; 2G54; X-ray; 2.25 A; C/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2G56; X-ray; 2.20 A; C/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2H67; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2HH4; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2HHO; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2HIU; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2JMN; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2JUM; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2JUU; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2JUV; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2JV1; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2JZQ; NMR; -; A=25-54, A=90-110. DR PDB; 2K91; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2K9R; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2KJJ; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2KJU; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2KQP; NMR; -; A=25-110. DR PDB; 2KQQ; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2KXK; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2L1Y; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2L1Z; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2LGB; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-55. DR PDB; 2LWZ; NMR; -; A=25-54, A=89-110. DR PDB; 2M1D; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2M1E; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2M2M; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2M2N; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2M2O; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2M2P; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2MLI; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2MPG; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2MPI; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2MVC; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2MVD; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2N2V; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2N2W; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2N2X; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2OLY; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 2OLZ; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 2OM0; X-ray; 2.05 A; 1/3/A/C/E/G/I/K/Q/S/U/X/a/c/e/g/i/k=90-110, 2/4/B/D/F/H/J/L/R/T/V/Y/b/d/f/h/j/l=25-54. DR PDB; 2OM1; X-ray; 1.97 A; 1/3/A/C/E/G/I/K/Q/S/U/X/a/c/e/g/i/k=90-110, 2/4/B/D/F/H/J/L/R/T/V/Y/b/d/f/h/j/l=25-54. DR PDB; 2OMG; X-ray; 1.52 A; A/C/E=90-110, B/D/F=25-54. DR PDB; 2OMH; X-ray; 1.36 A; A/C/E=90-110, B/D/F=25-54. DR PDB; 2OMI; X-ray; 2.24 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 2OMQ; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/B/C/D=36-41. DR PDB; 2QIU; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=89-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2R34; X-ray; 2.25 A; A/C=89-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2R35; X-ray; 2.08 A; A/C=89-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2R36; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=89-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2RN5; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2VJZ; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2VK0; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2W44; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C/E=94-110, B/D/F=25-53. DR PDB; 2WBY; X-ray; 2.60 A; C/E=90-109, D/F=25-43. DR PDB; 2WC0; X-ray; 2.80 A; C/E=90-110, D/F=25-54. DR PDB; 2WRU; X-ray; 1.57 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 2WRV; X-ray; 2.15 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 2WRW; X-ray; 2.41 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 2WRX; X-ray; 1.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 2WS0; X-ray; 2.10 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2WS1; X-ray; 1.60 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 2WS4; X-ray; 1.90 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 2WS6; X-ray; 1.50 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 2WS7; X-ray; 2.59 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-50. DR PDB; 3AIY; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 3BXQ; X-ray; 1.30 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3E7Y; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 3E7Z; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 3EXX; X-ray; 1.35 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3FQ9; X-ray; 1.35 A; A/C=91-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3HYD; X-ray; 1.00 A; A=35-41. DR PDB; 3I3Z; X-ray; 1.60 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 3I40; X-ray; 1.85 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 3ILG; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3INC; X-ray; 1.85 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3IR0; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O/R/T/V/X=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L/N/P/S/U/W/Y=25-54. DR PDB; 3JSD; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3KQ6; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3P2X; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3P33; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 3Q6E; X-ray; 2.05 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3ROV; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 3TT8; X-ray; 1.12 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3U4N; X-ray; 1.98 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 3UTQ; X-ray; 1.67 A; C=15-24. DR PDB; 3UTS; X-ray; 2.71 A; C/H=15-24. DR PDB; 3UTT; X-ray; 2.60 A; C/H=15-24. DR PDB; 3V19; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3V1G; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3W11; X-ray; 3.90 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 3W12; X-ray; 4.30 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 3W13; X-ray; 4.30 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 3W7Y; X-ray; 0.92 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3W7Z; X-ray; 1.15 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 3W80; X-ray; 1.40 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 3ZI3; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 3ZQR; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 3ZS2; X-ray; 1.97 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 3ZU1; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4AIY; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 4AJX; X-ray; 1.20 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-53. DR PDB; 4AJZ; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 4AK0; X-ray; 2.28 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 4AKJ; X-ray; 2.01 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 4CXL; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 4CXN; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 4CY7; X-ray; 1.40 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EFX; X-ray; 1.98 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-52. DR PDB; 4EWW; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EWX; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EWZ; X-ray; 1.79 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EX0; X-ray; 1.86 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EX1; X-ray; 1.66 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EXX; X-ray; 1.55 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EY1; X-ray; 1.47 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EY9; X-ray; 1.47 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EYD; X-ray; 1.47 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EYN; X-ray; 1.53 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4EYP; X-ray; 1.59 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F0N; X-ray; 1.68 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F0O; X-ray; 1.67 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F1A; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F1B; X-ray; 1.59 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F1C; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F1D; X-ray; 1.64 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F1F; X-ray; 1.68 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F1G; X-ray; 1.64 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F4T; X-ray; 1.64 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F4V; X-ray; 1.64 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F51; X-ray; 1.64 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4F8F; X-ray; 1.68 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4FG3; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4FKA; X-ray; 1.08 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4GBC; X-ray; 1.78 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4GBI; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4GBK; X-ray; 2.40 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4GBL; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4GBN; X-ray; 1.87 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4IUZ; X-ray; 1.60 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 4IYD; X-ray; 1.66 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 4IYF; X-ray; 1.80 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 4NIB; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 4OGA; X-ray; 3.50 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 4P65; X-ray; 1.50 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 4RXW; X-ray; 1.73 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4UNE; X-ray; 1.59 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4UNG; X-ray; 1.81 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4UNH; X-ray; 2.75 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 4WDI; X-ray; 2.31 A; C/F=39-47. DR PDB; 4XC4; X-ray; 1.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 4Y19; X-ray; 2.50 A; C=75-90. DR PDB; 4Y1A; X-ray; 4.00 A; C=75-90. DR PDB; 4Z76; X-ray; 1.88 A; C/F=39-46. DR PDB; 4Z77; X-ray; 1.85 A; C/F=39-47. DR PDB; 4Z78; X-ray; 2.30 A; C/F/I=39-48. DR PDB; 5AIY; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 5BOQ; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 5BPO; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5BQQ; X-ray; 1.54 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-50. DR PDB; 5BTS; X-ray; 1.77 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5C0D; X-ray; 1.68 A; C=15-24. DR PDB; 5CJO; X-ray; 3.29 A; a=90-109. DR PDB; 5CNY; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5CO2; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5CO6; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5CO9; X-ray; 1.92 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5E7W; X-ray; 0.95 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5EMS; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-52. DR PDB; 5EN9; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5ENA; X-ray; 1.35 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5HPR; X-ray; 1.33 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5HPU; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5HQI; X-ray; 0.97 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5HRQ; X-ray; 1.28 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 5HYJ; X-ray; 3.06 A; C/H=15-24. DR PDB; 5MAM; X-ray; 2.20 A; 0/2/4/A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O/Q/S/U/W/Y=90-110, 1/3/5/B/D/F/H/J/L/N/P/R/T/V/X/Z=25-54. DR PDB; 5MHD; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-55. DR PDB; 5MT3; X-ray; 2.02 A; A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O/Q/S/U/W/Y/a/c/e=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L/N/P/R/T/V/X/Z/b/d/f=25-54. DR PDB; 5MT9; X-ray; 1.88 A; A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O/Q/S/U/W/Y/a/c/e=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L/N/P/R/T/V/X/Z/b/d/f=25-54. DR PDB; 5MWQ; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-56. DR PDB; 5T7R; X-ray; 1.55 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5UDP; X-ray; 1.35 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 5UOZ; X-ray; 1.17 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5UQA; X-ray; 1.31 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 5URT; X-ray; 1.18 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5URU; X-ray; 2.41 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 5USP; X-ray; 1.17 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5USS; X-ray; 2.06 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5USV; X-ray; 1.30 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5UU2; X-ray; 1.22 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 5UU3; X-ray; 2.25 A; A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O/Q/S/U/W=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L/N/P/R/T/V/X=25-54. DR PDB; 5UU4; X-ray; 1.97 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 5VIZ; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 5WBT; NMR; -; A=25-54, A=90-110. DR PDB; 5WDM; X-ray; 2.80 A; A/B/C/D/E/F=25-110. DR PDB; 5WOB; X-ray; 3.95 A; a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h=90-109. DR PDB; 6B3Q; EM; 3.70 A; a/b=1-110. DR PDB; 6B70; EM; 3.70 A; a/c=1-110. DR PDB; 6BFC; EM; 3.70 A; a/b=1-110. DR PDB; 6CE7; EM; 7.40 A; N=90-110. DR PDB; 6CE9; EM; 4.30 A; K/N=90-110. DR PDB; 6CEB; EM; 4.70 A; K/N=90-110. DR PDB; 6CK2; X-ray; 2.25 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 6GNQ; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O/Q/S/U/W=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L/N/P/R/T/V/X=25-54. DR PDB; 6GV0; X-ray; 1.26 A; B/D=25-54, G/I=90-110. DR PDB; 6H3M; X-ray; 1.82 A; A/C/E/G/I/K/N/R=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L/P/Q=25-54. DR PDB; 6HN5; EM; 3.20 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 6JK8; EM; 4.70 A; C/D=1-110. DR PDB; 6JR3; EM; 14.50 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 6K59; NMR; -; A=90-109, B=25-56. DR PDB; 6NWV; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 6O17; X-ray; 1.58 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 6P4Z; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 6S34; X-ray; 1.35 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 6S4I; X-ray; 1.51 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 6S4J; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 6SOF; EM; 4.30 A; E/G/I/K=90-110, F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 6TC2; X-ray; 1.36 A; A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L=1-110. DR PDB; 6TYH; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/C/E/G/I/K=90-110, B/D/F/H/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 6U46; NMR; -; A=25-109. DR PDB; 6VEP; X-ray; 2.90 A; A/G/M/S=90-110, B/H/N/T=25-54. DR PDB; 6VER; X-ray; 1.05 A; A=90-110, B=25-46. DR PDB; 6VES; X-ray; 1.85 A; A=90-110, B=25-46. DR PDB; 6VET; X-ray; 1.46 A; A/C/E=90-110, B/D/F=25-46. DR PDB; 6X4X; NMR; -; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 6Z7W; X-ray; 2.42 A; I/K/M/O=90-110, J/L/N/P=25-54. DR PDB; 6Z7Y; X-ray; 2.20 A; E/G=90-110, F/H=25-54. DR PDB; 7BW7; EM; 4.10 A; D=25-110. DR PDB; 7BW8; EM; 3.80 A; D=25-110. DR PDB; 7BWA; EM; 4.90 A; D/E=25-110. DR PDB; 7JP3; X-ray; 1.95 A; A/B/C/D/E/F=25-110. DR PDB; 7KD6; X-ray; 2.60 A; B/H/N/T=25-110. DR PDB; 7MD4; EM; 4.50 A; O/Q/S/U=90-110, P/R/T/V=25-54. DR PDB; 7MD5; EM; 5.20 A; O/Q/S/U=90-110, P/R/T/V=25-54. DR PDB; 7MQO; EM; 3.40 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-46. DR PDB; 7MQR; EM; 4.10 A; A/C/G/I=90-110, B/D/H/J=25-46. DR PDB; 7MQS; EM; 4.40 A; A/C/G=90-110, B/D/H=25-46. DR PDB; 7NHU; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 7NMG; X-ray; 2.48 A; C=3-11. DR PDB; 7PG0; EM; 7.60 A; C/E/I=90-110, D/F/J=25-54. DR PDB; 7PG2; EM; 6.70 A; C/E/I=90-110, D/F/J=25-54. DR PDB; 7PG3; EM; 7.30 A; C/E/I=90-110, D/F/J=25-54. DR PDB; 7PG4; EM; 9.10 A; C/I=90-110, D/J=25-54. DR PDB; 7QAC; X-ray; 2.29 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 7QGF; X-ray; 1.20 A; AAA=90-110, BBB=25-53. DR PDB; 7QID; EM; 5.00 A; E/I/K=90-110, F/J/L=25-54. DR PDB; 7RKD; X-ray; 1.25 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 7RZE; EM; 3.30 A; a=90-110, b=25-54. DR PDB; 7RZF; EM; 3.40 A; a=90-110, b=25-54. DR PDB; 7RZI; EM; 3.00 A; a/c=90-110, b/d=25-54. DR PDB; 7S4Y; X-ray; 1.71 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 7SL1; EM; 3.40 A; C/D=25-54, E/F=90-110. DR PDB; 7SL2; EM; 3.60 A; C/D/E/F=25-54, G/H/I/J=90-110. DR PDB; 7SL3; EM; 3.40 A; C/D=25-54, E/F=90-110. DR PDB; 7SL4; EM; 5.00 A; C/D=25-54, E/F=90-110. DR PDB; 7SL6; EM; 3.70 A; C/D=90-110, E/F=25-54. DR PDB; 7SL7; EM; 3.10 A; C/D/E/F=90-110, G/H/I/J=25-54. DR PDB; 7STH; EM; 3.50 A; C/D=1-110. DR PDB; 7STI; EM; 4.90 A; C=1-110. DR PDB; 7STJ; EM; 4.40 A; C/D=1-110. DR PDB; 7STK; EM; 4.00 A; C/D=1-110. DR PDB; 7U6E; EM; 3.00 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 7V3P; EM; 3.60 A; E=90-110, F=25-54. DR PDB; 7YQ3; EM; 3.60 A; A=90-110. DR PDB; 7YQ4; EM; 3.95 A; A=90-110. DR PDB; 7YQ5; EM; 4.27 A; A=90-110. DR PDB; 7Z5L; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 7Z5Q; X-ray; 1.80 A; A=90-110, B=25-54. DR PDB; 8EYX; EM; 4.50 A; D/E/F/G=1-110. DR PDB; 8EYY; EM; 4.90 A; C/D/E/F=1-110. DR PDB; 8EZ0; EM; 3.70 A; D/E/F/G=1-110. DR PDB; 8GSG; X-ray; 2.05 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 8GUY; EM; 4.18 A; A/C=90-110. DR PDB; 8HGZ; X-ray; 1.70 A; A/E/I/M=90-110, B/F/J/N=25-53. DR PDB; 8HSF; X-ray; 2.90 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 8HSK; X-ray; 1.64 A; A=90-110, B=25-53. DR PDB; 8IPZ; X-ray; 1.40 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-53. DR PDB; 8OKY; X-ray; 1.17 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 8ONI; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/I=90-110, B/F=25-54. DR PDB; 8ONK; X-ray; 3.40 A; A/B=25-54, D/I=90-110. DR PDB; 8ONP; X-ray; 1.77 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 8ONR; X-ray; 1.88 A; A=90-110, B=25-50. DR PDB; 8PI4; X-ray; 1.25 A; A=25-53, A=90-110. DR PDB; 8PI5; X-ray; 1.66 A; B/D=25-53, B/D=90-110. DR PDB; 8PI6; X-ray; 2.14 A; A/B/C/D/E=25-53, A/B/C/D/E=90-110. DR PDB; 8PJH; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=25-53, A=81-110. DR PDB; 8RRP; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/C/E=90-110, B/D/F=25-53. DR PDB; 8RVT; NMR; -; A/C/E/G/I=90-110, B/D/F/H/J=25-54. DR PDB; 8SBD; EM; 3.20 A; A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P=90-110, a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p=25-54. DR PDB; 8VCX; X-ray; 2.59 A; C=64-78. DR PDB; 8VDD; X-ray; 2.60 A; C=64-78. DR PDB; 8WU0; X-ray; 1.95 A; A/C=90-109, B/D=25-56. DR PDB; 8Z4B; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-54. DR PDB; 9LVC; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-53. DR PDB; 9LVD; X-ray; 2.85 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 9LVE; X-ray; 2.88 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 9LVX; X-ray; 2.70 A; A/C/E/G=90-110, B/D/F/H=25-53. DR PDB; 9LVY; X-ray; 2.85 A; A/C=90-110, B/D=25-53. DR PDB; 9M4X; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 9M4Y; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 9M4Z; X-ray; 1.50 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 9M50; X-ray; 1.40 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDB; 9M51; X-ray; 1.76 A; A=90-109, B=25-53. DR PDBsum; 1A7F; -. DR PDBsum; 1AI0; -. DR PDBsum; 1AIY; -. DR PDBsum; 1B9E; -. DR PDBsum; 1BEN; -. DR PDBsum; 1EFE; -. DR PDBsum; 1EV3; -. DR PDBsum; 1EV6; -. DR PDBsum; 1EVR; -. DR PDBsum; 1FU2; -. DR PDBsum; 1FUB; -. DR PDBsum; 1G7A; -. DR PDBsum; 1G7B; -. DR PDBsum; 1GUJ; -. DR PDBsum; 1HIQ; -. DR PDBsum; 1HIS; -. DR PDBsum; 1HIT; -. DR PDBsum; 1HLS; -. DR PDBsum; 1HTV; -. DR PDBsum; 1HUI; -. DR PDBsum; 1IOG; -. DR PDBsum; 1IOH; -. DR PDBsum; 1J73; -. DR PDBsum; 1JCA; -. DR PDBsum; 1JCO; -. DR PDBsum; 1JK8; -. DR PDBsum; 1K3M; -. DR PDBsum; 1KMF; -. DR PDBsum; 1LKQ; -. DR PDBsum; 1LPH; -. DR PDBsum; 1MHI; -. DR PDBsum; 1MHJ; -. DR PDBsum; 1MSO; -. DR PDBsum; 1OS3; -. DR PDBsum; 1OS4; -. DR PDBsum; 1Q4V; -. DR PDBsum; 1QIY; -. DR PDBsum; 1QIZ; -. DR PDBsum; 1QJ0; -. DR PDBsum; 1RWE; -. DR PDBsum; 1SF1; -. DR PDBsum; 1SJT; -. DR PDBsum; 1SJU; -. DR PDBsum; 1T0C; -. DR PDBsum; 1T1K; -. DR PDBsum; 1T1P; -. DR PDBsum; 1T1Q; -. DR PDBsum; 1TRZ; -. DR PDBsum; 1TYL; -. DR PDBsum; 1TYM; -. DR PDBsum; 1UZ9; -. DR PDBsum; 1VKT; -. DR PDBsum; 1W8P; -. DR PDBsum; 1XDA; -. DR PDBsum; 1XGL; -. DR PDBsum; 1XW7; -. DR PDBsum; 1ZEG; -. DR PDBsum; 1ZEH; -. DR PDBsum; 1ZNJ; -. DR PDBsum; 2AIY; -. DR PDBsum; 2C8Q; -. DR PDBsum; 2C8R; -. DR PDBsum; 2CEU; -. DR PDBsum; 2G54; -. DR PDBsum; 2G56; -. DR PDBsum; 2H67; -. DR PDBsum; 2HH4; -. DR PDBsum; 2HHO; -. DR PDBsum; 2HIU; -. DR PDBsum; 2JMN; -. DR PDBsum; 2JUM; -. DR PDBsum; 2JUU; -. DR PDBsum; 2JUV; -. DR PDBsum; 2JV1; -. DR PDBsum; 2JZQ; -. DR PDBsum; 2K91; -. DR PDBsum; 2K9R; -. DR PDBsum; 2KJJ; -. DR PDBsum; 2KJU; -. DR PDBsum; 2KQP; -. DR PDBsum; 2KQQ; -. DR PDBsum; 2KXK; -. DR PDBsum; 2L1Y; -. DR PDBsum; 2L1Z; -. DR PDBsum; 2LGB; -. DR PDBsum; 2LWZ; -. DR PDBsum; 2M1D; -. DR PDBsum; 2M1E; -. DR PDBsum; 2M2M; -. DR PDBsum; 2M2N; -. DR PDBsum; 2M2O; -. DR PDBsum; 2M2P; -. DR PDBsum; 2MLI; -. DR PDBsum; 2MPG; -. DR PDBsum; 2MPI; -. DR PDBsum; 2MVC; -. DR PDBsum; 2MVD; -. DR PDBsum; 2N2V; -. DR PDBsum; 2N2W; -. DR PDBsum; 2N2X; -. DR PDBsum; 2OLY; -. DR PDBsum; 2OLZ; -. DR PDBsum; 2OM0; -. DR PDBsum; 2OM1; -. DR PDBsum; 2OMG; -. DR PDBsum; 2OMH; -. DR PDBsum; 2OMI; -. DR PDBsum; 2OMQ; -. DR PDBsum; 2QIU; -. DR PDBsum; 2R34; -. DR PDBsum; 2R35; -. DR PDBsum; 2R36; -. DR PDBsum; 2RN5; -. DR PDBsum; 2VJZ; -. DR PDBsum; 2VK0; -. DR PDBsum; 2W44; -. DR PDBsum; 2WBY; -. DR PDBsum; 2WC0; -. DR PDBsum; 2WRU; -. DR PDBsum; 2WRV; -. DR PDBsum; 2WRW; -. DR PDBsum; 2WRX; -. DR PDBsum; 2WS0; -. DR PDBsum; 2WS1; -. DR PDBsum; 2WS4; -. DR PDBsum; 2WS6; -. DR PDBsum; 2WS7; -. DR PDBsum; 3AIY; -. DR PDBsum; 3BXQ; -. DR PDBsum; 3E7Y; -. DR PDBsum; 3E7Z; -. DR PDBsum; 3EXX; -. DR PDBsum; 3FQ9; -. DR PDBsum; 3HYD; -. DR PDBsum; 3I3Z; -. DR PDBsum; 3I40; -. DR PDBsum; 3ILG; -. DR PDBsum; 3INC; -. DR PDBsum; 3IR0; -. DR PDBsum; 3JSD; -. DR PDBsum; 3KQ6; -. DR PDBsum; 3P2X; -. DR PDBsum; 3P33; -. DR PDBsum; 3Q6E; -. DR PDBsum; 3ROV; -. DR PDBsum; 3TT8; -. DR PDBsum; 3U4N; -. DR PDBsum; 3UTQ; -. DR PDBsum; 3UTS; -. DR PDBsum; 3UTT; -. DR PDBsum; 3V19; -. DR PDBsum; 3V1G; -. DR PDBsum; 3W11; -. DR PDBsum; 3W12; -. DR PDBsum; 3W13; -. DR PDBsum; 3W7Y; -. DR PDBsum; 3W7Z; -. DR PDBsum; 3W80; -. DR PDBsum; 3ZI3; -. DR PDBsum; 3ZQR; -. DR PDBsum; 3ZS2; -. DR PDBsum; 3ZU1; -. DR PDBsum; 4AIY; -. DR PDBsum; 4AJX; -. DR PDBsum; 4AJZ; -. DR PDBsum; 4AK0; -. DR PDBsum; 4AKJ; -. DR PDBsum; 4CXL; -. DR PDBsum; 4CXN; -. DR PDBsum; 4CY7; -. DR PDBsum; 4EFX; -. DR PDBsum; 4EWW; -. DR PDBsum; 4EWX; -. DR PDBsum; 4EWZ; -. DR PDBsum; 4EX0; -. DR PDBsum; 4EX1; -. DR PDBsum; 4EXX; -. DR PDBsum; 4EY1; -. DR PDBsum; 4EY9; -. DR PDBsum; 4EYD; -. DR PDBsum; 4EYN; -. DR PDBsum; 4EYP; -. DR PDBsum; 4F0N; -. DR PDBsum; 4F0O; -. DR PDBsum; 4F1A; -. DR PDBsum; 4F1B; -. DR PDBsum; 4F1C; -. DR PDBsum; 4F1D; -. DR PDBsum; 4F1F; -. DR PDBsum; 4F1G; -. DR PDBsum; 4F4T; -. DR PDBsum; 4F4V; -. DR PDBsum; 4F51; -. DR PDBsum; 4F8F; -. DR PDBsum; 4FG3; -. DR PDBsum; 4FKA; -. DR PDBsum; 4GBC; -. DR PDBsum; 4GBI; -. DR PDBsum; 4GBK; -. DR PDBsum; 4GBL; -. DR PDBsum; 4GBN; -. DR PDBsum; 4IUZ; -. DR PDBsum; 4IYD; -. DR PDBsum; 4IYF; -. DR PDBsum; 4NIB; -. DR PDBsum; 4OGA; -. DR PDBsum; 4P65; -. DR PDBsum; 4RXW; -. DR PDBsum; 4UNE; -. DR PDBsum; 4UNG; -. DR PDBsum; 4UNH; -. DR PDBsum; 4WDI; -. DR PDBsum; 4XC4; -. DR PDBsum; 4Y19; -. DR PDBsum; 4Y1A; -. DR PDBsum; 4Z76; -. DR PDBsum; 4Z77; -. DR PDBsum; 4Z78; -. DR PDBsum; 5AIY; -. DR PDBsum; 5BOQ; -. DR PDBsum; 5BPO; -. DR PDBsum; 5BQQ; -. DR PDBsum; 5BTS; -. DR PDBsum; 5C0D; -. DR PDBsum; 5CJO; -. DR PDBsum; 5CNY; -. DR PDBsum; 5CO2; -. DR PDBsum; 5CO6; -. DR PDBsum; 5CO9; -. DR PDBsum; 5E7W; -. DR PDBsum; 5EMS; -. DR PDBsum; 5EN9; -. DR PDBsum; 5ENA; -. DR PDBsum; 5HPR; -. DR PDBsum; 5HPU; -. DR PDBsum; 5HQI; -. DR PDBsum; 5HRQ; -. DR PDBsum; 5HYJ; -. DR PDBsum; 5MAM; -. DR PDBsum; 5MHD; -. DR PDBsum; 5MT3; -. DR PDBsum; 5MT9; -. DR PDBsum; 5MWQ; -. DR PDBsum; 5T7R; -. DR PDBsum; 5UDP; -. DR PDBsum; 5UOZ; -. DR PDBsum; 5UQA; -. DR PDBsum; 5URT; -. DR PDBsum; 5URU; -. DR PDBsum; 5USP; -. DR PDBsum; 5USS; -. DR PDBsum; 5USV; -. DR PDBsum; 5UU2; -. DR PDBsum; 5UU3; -. DR PDBsum; 5UU4; -. DR PDBsum; 5VIZ; -. DR PDBsum; 5WBT; -. DR PDBsum; 5WDM; -. DR PDBsum; 5WOB; -. DR PDBsum; 6B3Q; -. DR PDBsum; 6B70; -. DR PDBsum; 6BFC; -. DR PDBsum; 6CE7; -. DR PDBsum; 6CE9; -. DR PDBsum; 6CEB; -. DR PDBsum; 6CK2; -. DR PDBsum; 6GNQ; -. DR PDBsum; 6GV0; -. DR PDBsum; 6H3M; -. DR PDBsum; 6HN5; -. DR PDBsum; 6JK8; -. DR PDBsum; 6JR3; -. DR PDBsum; 6K59; -. DR PDBsum; 6NWV; -. DR PDBsum; 6O17; -. DR PDBsum; 6P4Z; -. DR PDBsum; 6S34; -. DR PDBsum; 6S4I; -. DR PDBsum; 6S4J; -. DR PDBsum; 6SOF; -. DR PDBsum; 6TC2; -. DR PDBsum; 6TYH; -. DR PDBsum; 6U46; -. DR PDBsum; 6VEP; -. DR PDBsum; 6VER; -. DR PDBsum; 6VES; -. DR PDBsum; 6VET; -. DR PDBsum; 6X4X; -. DR PDBsum; 6Z7W; -. DR PDBsum; 6Z7Y; -. DR PDBsum; 7BW7; -. DR PDBsum; 7BW8; -. DR PDBsum; 7BWA; -. DR PDBsum; 7JP3; -. DR PDBsum; 7KD6; -. DR PDBsum; 7MD4; -. DR PDBsum; 7MD5; -. DR PDBsum; 7MQO; -. DR PDBsum; 7MQR; -. DR PDBsum; 7MQS; -. DR PDBsum; 7NHU; -. DR PDBsum; 7NMG; -. DR PDBsum; 7PG0; -. DR PDBsum; 7PG2; -. DR PDBsum; 7PG3; -. DR PDBsum; 7PG4; -. DR PDBsum; 7QAC; -. DR PDBsum; 7QGF; -. DR PDBsum; 7QID; -. DR PDBsum; 7RKD; -. DR PDBsum; 7RZE; -. DR PDBsum; 7RZF; -. DR PDBsum; 7RZI; -. DR PDBsum; 7S4Y; -. DR PDBsum; 7SL1; -. DR PDBsum; 7SL2; -. DR PDBsum; 7SL3; -. DR PDBsum; 7SL4; -. DR PDBsum; 7SL6; -. DR PDBsum; 7SL7; -. DR PDBsum; 7STH; -. DR PDBsum; 7STI; -. DR PDBsum; 7STJ; -. DR PDBsum; 7STK; -. DR PDBsum; 7U6E; -. DR PDBsum; 7V3P; -. DR PDBsum; 7YQ3; -. DR PDBsum; 7YQ4; -. DR PDBsum; 7YQ5; -. DR PDBsum; 7Z5L; -. DR PDBsum; 7Z5Q; -. DR PDBsum; 8EYX; -. DR PDBsum; 8EYY; -. DR PDBsum; 8EZ0; -. DR PDBsum; 8GSG; -. DR PDBsum; 8GUY; -. DR PDBsum; 8HGZ; -. DR PDBsum; 8HSF; -. DR PDBsum; 8HSK; -. DR PDBsum; 8IPZ; -. DR PDBsum; 8OKY; -. DR PDBsum; 8ONI; -. DR PDBsum; 8ONK; -. DR PDBsum; 8ONP; -. DR PDBsum; 8ONR; -. DR PDBsum; 8PI4; -. DR PDBsum; 8PI5; -. DR PDBsum; 8PI6; -. DR PDBsum; 8PJH; -. DR PDBsum; 8RRP; -. DR PDBsum; 8RVT; -. DR PDBsum; 8SBD; -. DR PDBsum; 8VCX; -. DR PDBsum; 8VDD; -. DR PDBsum; 8WU0; -. DR PDBsum; 8Z4B; -. DR PDBsum; 9LVC; -. DR PDBsum; 9LVD; -. DR PDBsum; 9LVE; -. DR PDBsum; 9LVX; -. DR PDBsum; 9LVY; -. DR PDBsum; 9M4X; -. DR PDBsum; 9M4Y; -. DR PDBsum; 9M4Z; -. DR PDBsum; 9M50; -. DR PDBsum; 9M51; -. DR AlphaFoldDB; P01308; -. DR BMRB; P01308; -. DR EMDB; EMD-0247; -. DR EMDB; EMD-10273; -. DR EMDB; EMD-13385; -. DR EMDB; EMD-13386; -. DR EMDB; EMD-13387; -. DR EMDB; EMD-13388; -. DR EMDB; EMD-23766; -. DR EMDB; EMD-23767; -. DR EMDB; EMD-23949; -. DR EMDB; EMD-23950; -. DR EMDB; EMD-23951; -. DR EMDB; EMD-24757; -. DR EMDB; EMD-24758; -. DR EMDB; EMD-24761; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25188; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25189; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25190; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25191; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25192; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25193; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25428; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25429; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25430; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25431; -. DR EMDB; EMD-26364; -. DR EMDB; EMD-28723; -. DR EMDB; EMD-28724; -. DR EMDB; EMD-28725; -. DR EMDB; EMD-30229; -. DR EMDB; EMD-30230; -. DR EMDB; EMD-30231; -. DR EMDB; EMD-34018; -. DR EMDB; EMD-34019; -. DR EMDB; EMD-34020; -. DR EMDB; EMD-34281; -. DR EMDB; EMD-40305; -. DR EMDB; EMD-7041; -. DR EMDB; EMD-7062; -. DR EMDB; EMD-7461; -. DR EMDB; EMD-7462; -. DR EMDB; EMD-7463; -. DR EMDB; EMD-9838; -. DR EMDB; EMD-9878; -. DR PCDDB; P01308; -. DR SASBDB; P01308; -. DR SMR; P01308; -. DR BioGRID; 109842; 526. DR ComplexPortal; CPX-943; Insulin complex. DR DIP; DIP-6024N; -. DR FunCoup; P01308; 1333. DR IntAct; P01308; 39. DR MINT; P01308; -. DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000380432; -. DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL5881; -. DR DrugBank; DB01289; Glisoxepide. DR DrugBank; DB09564; Insulin degludec. DR DrugBank; DB00638; Inulin. DR DrugBank; DB06315; ISF402. DR DrugBank; DB01776; M-Cresol. DR DrugBank; DB08231; Myristic acid. DR DrugBank; DB01593; Zinc. DR DrugBank; DB14487; Zinc acetate. DR DrugBank; DB14533; Zinc chloride. DR DrugBank; DB14548; Zinc sulfate, unspecified form. DR Allergome; 2121; Hom s Insulin. DR CarbonylDB; P01308; -. DR iPTMnet; P01308; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; P01308; -. DR BioMuta; INS; -. DR DMDM; 124617; -. DR jPOST; P01308; -. DR MassIVE; P01308; -. DR PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000380432; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P01308; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 51374; -. [P01308-1] DR ABCD; P01308; 35 sequenced antibodies. DR Antibodypedia; 56056; 3481 antibodies from 51 providers. DR DNASU; 3630; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000250971.7; ENSP00000250971.3; ENSG00000254647.7. [P01308-1] DR Ensembl; ENST00000381330.5; ENSP00000370731.5; ENSG00000254647.7. [P01308-1] DR Ensembl; ENST00000397262.5; ENSP00000380432.1; ENSG00000254647.7. [P01308-1] DR GeneID; 3630; -. DR KEGG; hsa:3630; -. DR MANE-Select; ENST00000381330.5; ENSP00000370731.5; NM_000207.3; NP_000198.1. DR UCSC; uc001lvn.3; human. [P01308-1] DR AGR; HGNC:6081; -. DR CTD; 3630; -. DR DisGeNET; 3630; -. DR GeneCards; INS; -. DR GeneReviews; INS; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:6081; INS. DR HPA; ENSG00000254647; Tissue enriched (pancreas). DR MalaCards; INS; -. DR MIM; 125852; phenotype. DR MIM; 176730; gene. DR MIM; 613370; phenotype. DR MIM; 616214; phenotype. DR MIM; 618858; phenotype. DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000254647; -. DR Orphanet; 99885; Isolated permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus. DR Orphanet; 552; MODY. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000254647; -. DR eggNOG; ENOG502S5P5; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000015440; -. DR InParanoid; P01308; -. DR OMA; LANQHLC; -. DR OrthoDB; 10019596at2759; -. DR PAN-GO; P01308; 3 GO annotations based on evolutionary models. DR PhylomeDB; P01308; -. DR BioCyc; MetaCyc:MONOMER-16190; -. DR PathwayCommons; P01308; -. DR Reactome; R-HSA-210745; Regulation of gene expression in beta cells. DR Reactome; R-HSA-264876; Insulin processing. DR Reactome; R-HSA-422085; Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin. DR Reactome; R-HSA-422356; Regulation of insulin secretion. DR Reactome; R-HSA-6807878; COPI-mediated anterograde transport. DR Reactome; R-HSA-6811558; PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling. DR Reactome; R-HSA-74713; IRS activation. DR Reactome; R-HSA-74749; Signal attenuation. DR Reactome; R-HSA-74751; Insulin receptor signalling cascade. DR Reactome; R-HSA-74752; Signaling by Insulin receptor. DR Reactome; R-HSA-77387; Insulin receptor recycling. DR Reactome; R-HSA-9615017; FOXO-mediated transcription of oxidative stress, metabolic and neuronal genes. DR Reactome; R-HSA-9768919; NPAS4 regulates expression of target genes. DR Reactome; R-HSA-977225; Amyloid fiber formation. DR SignaLink; P01308; -. DR SIGNOR; P01308; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 3630; 382 hits in 1121 CRISPR screens. DR EvolutionaryTrace; P01308; -. DR GeneWiki; Insulin; -. DR GenomeRNAi; 3630; -. DR Pharos; P01308; Tbio. DR PRO; PR:P01308; -. DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 11. DR RNAct; P01308; protein. DR Bgee; ENSG00000254647; Expressed in type B pancreatic cell and 92 other cell types or tissues. DR ExpressionAtlas; P01308; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0005788; C:endoplasmic reticulum lumen; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0033116; C:endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0031904; C:endosome lumen; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0005796; C:Golgi lumen; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0000139; C:Golgi membrane; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0034774; C:secretory granule lumen; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0030133; C:transport vesicle; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0005179; F:hormone activity; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042802; F:identical protein binding; IPI:IntAct. DR GO; GO:0005158; F:insulin receptor binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005159; F:insulin-like growth factor receptor binding; IPI:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0002020; F:protease binding; IPI:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032148; P:activation of protein kinase B activity; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0006953; P:acute-phase response; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0046631; P:alpha-beta T cell activation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0007267; P:cell-cell signaling; IC:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0050890; P:cognition; TAS:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0055089; P:fatty acid homeostasis; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0007186; P:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042593; P:glucose homeostasis; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0006006; P:glucose metabolic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0008286; P:insulin receptor signaling pathway; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0002674; P:negative regulation of acute inflammatory response; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045922; P:negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:2000252; P:negative regulation of feeding behavior; IDA:DFLAT. DR GO; GO:0010629; P:negative regulation of gene expression; IDA:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045721; P:negative regulation of gluconeogenesis; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045818; P:negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0050995; P:negative regulation of lipid catabolic process; IMP:AgBase. DR GO; GO:1902176; P:negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042177; P:negative regulation of protein catabolic process; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0050709; P:negative regulation of protein secretion; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1903427; P:negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process; IGI:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060266; P:negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1990535; P:neuron projection maintenance; IGI:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0038060; P:nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0090336; P:positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation; TAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0043123; P:positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045597; P:positive regulation of cell differentiation; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0030307; P:positive regulation of cell growth; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0030335; P:positive regulation of cell migration; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0008284; P:positive regulation of cell population proliferation; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001819; P:positive regulation of cytokine production; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046326; P:positive regulation of D-glucose import; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:1902952; P:positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance; IGI:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0010628; P:positive regulation of gene expression; IGI:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045725; P:positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045821; P:positive regulation of glycolytic process; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0046628; P:positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0046889; P:positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1900273; P:positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation; TAS:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0043410; P:positive regulation of MAPK cascade; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045840; P:positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0010976; P:positive regulation of neuron projection development; IC:UniProt. DR GO; GO:0010750; P:positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0051000; P:positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; NAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0090277; P:positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion; TAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0051897; P:positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1900182; P:positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0050714; P:positive regulation of protein secretion; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0060267; P:positive regulation of respiratory burst; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of DNA-templated transcription; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0032880; P:regulation of protein localization; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1903076; P:regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane; IGI:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0050708; P:regulation of protein secretion; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0048167; P:regulation of synaptic plasticity; TAS:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042311; P:vasodilation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0042060; P:wound healing; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR CDD; cd04367; IlGF_insulin_like; 1. DR FunFam; 1.10.100.10:FF:000003; Insulin; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.100.10; Insulin-like; 1. DR InterPro; IPR004825; Insulin. DR InterPro; IPR016179; Insulin-like. DR InterPro; IPR036438; Insulin-like_sf. DR InterPro; IPR022353; Insulin_CS. DR InterPro; IPR022352; Insulin_family. DR PANTHER; PTHR11454:SF9; INSULIN; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR11454; INSULIN/INSULIN GROWTH FACTOR; 1. DR Pfam; PF00049; Insulin; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00277; INSULIN. DR PRINTS; PR00276; INSULINFAMLY. DR SMART; SM00078; IlGF; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF56994; Insulin-like; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00262; INSULIN; 1. DR neXtProt; NX_P01308; -. DR PharmGKB; PA201; -. DR TreeFam; TF332820; -. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Alternative splicing; Carbohydrate metabolism; KW Cleavage on pair of basic residues; Diabetes mellitus; KW Direct protein sequencing; Disease variant; Disulfide bond; KW Glucose metabolism; Hormone; Pharmaceutical; Proteomics identification; KW Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal. FT SIGNAL 1..24 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14426955" FT PEPTIDE 25..54 FT /note="Insulin B chain" FT /id="PRO_0000015819" FT PROPEP 57..87 FT /note="C peptide" FT /id="PRO_0000015820" FT PEPTIDE 90..110 FT /note="Insulin A chain" FT /id="PRO_0000015821" FT DISULFID 31..96 FT /note="Interchain (between B and A chains)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1433291, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:25423173, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8421693, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:1AI0, ECO:0007744|PDB:1AIY, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:1HIQ, ECO:0007744|PDB:1MHI, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:2MVC, ECO:0007744|PDB:2MVD" FT DISULFID 43..109 FT /note="Interchain (between B and A chains)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1433291, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:25423173, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8421693, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:1AI0, ECO:0007744|PDB:1AIY, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:1HIQ, ECO:0007744|PDB:1MHI, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:2MVC, ECO:0007744|PDB:2MVD" FT DISULFID 95..100 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1433291, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:25423173, ECO:0000269|PubMed:5101771, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:8421693, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9235985, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:1AI0, ECO:0007744|PDB:1AIY, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:1HIQ, ECO:0007744|PDB:1MHI, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:2MVC, ECO:0007744|PDB:2MVD" FT VARIANT 6 FT /note="R -> C (in MODY10; dbSNP:rs121908278)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063721" FT VARIANT 6 FT /note="R -> H (in MODY10; dbSNP:rs121908259)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20226046" FT /id="VAR_063722" FT VARIANT 24 FT /note="A -> D (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356663)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063723" FT VARIANT 29 FT /note="H -> D (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs121908272)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063724" FT VARIANT 32 FT /note="G -> R (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356664)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063725" FT VARIANT 32 FT /note="G -> S (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356664)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063726" FT VARIANT 34 FT /note="H -> D (in HPRI; Providence; dbSNP:rs121918101)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:3470784" FT /id="VAR_003971" FT VARIANT 35 FT /note="L -> P (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs121908273)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063727" FT VARIANT 43 FT /note="C -> G (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356666)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063728" FT VARIANT 46 FT /note="R -> Q (in MODY10; reduces binding affinity to INSR; FT reduces biological activity; reduces folding properties; FT dbSNP:rs121908260)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18192540, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20226046, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25423173" FT /id="VAR_063729" FT VARIANT 47 FT /note="G -> V (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356667)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063730" FT VARIANT 48 FT /note="F -> C (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356668)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063731" FT VARIANT 48 FT /note="F -> S (in HPRI; Los-Angeles; dbSNP:rs80356668)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:6312455, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:6424111, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8421693" FT /id="VAR_003972" FT VARIANT 49 FT /note="F -> L (in Chicago; dbSNP:rs148685531)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:6424111" FT /id="VAR_003973" FT VARIANT 55 FT /note="R -> C (in T1D2; dbSNP:rs121908261)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18192540" FT /id="VAR_063732" FT VARIANT 68 FT /note="L -> M (in dbSNP:rs121908279)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063733" FT VARIANT 84 FT /note="G -> R (in PNDM4; uncertain significance; FT dbSNP:rs121908274)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063734" FT VARIANT 89 FT /note="R -> C (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356669)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063735" FT VARIANT 89 FT /note="R -> H (in HPRI; impairs post-translational FT cleavage; dbSNP:rs28933985)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:2196279, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:4019786" FT /id="VAR_003974" FT VARIANT 89 FT /note="R -> L (in HPRI; Kyoto; dbSNP:rs28933985)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1601997" FT /id="VAR_003975" FT VARIANT 90 FT /note="G -> C (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356670)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063736" FT VARIANT 92 FT /note="V -> L (in Wakayama; dbSNP:rs121918102)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:3537011" FT /id="VAR_003976" FT VARIANT 96 FT /note="C -> S (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356671)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063737" FT VARIANT 96 FT /note="C -> Y (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356671)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063738" FT VARIANT 101 FT /note="S -> C (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs121908276)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063739" FT VARIANT 103 FT /note="Y -> C (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs121908277)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063740" FT VARIANT 108 FT /note="Y -> C (in PNDM4; dbSNP:rs80356672)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17855560, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18162506" FT /id="VAR_063741" FT HELIX 25..27 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8HSK" FT HELIX 28..31 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1AIY" FT HELIX 33..43 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3W7Y" FT HELIX 44..46 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3W7Y" FT STRAND 48..50 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3W7Y" FT STRAND 56..58 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EFE" FT TURN 59..66 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1T0C" FT STRAND 74..76 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1T0C" FT HELIX 79..81 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1T0C" FT TURN 84..86 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1T0C" FT HELIX 91..97 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3W7Y" FT STRAND 98..101 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4EFX" FT HELIX 102..106 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3W7Y" FT TURN 107..109 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1HIQ" SQ SEQUENCE 110 AA; 11981 MW; C2C3B23B85E520E5 CRC64; MALWMRLLPL LALLALWGPD PAAAFVNQHL CGSHLVEALY LVCGERGFFY TPKTRREAED LQVGQVELGG GPGAGSLQPL ALEGSLQKRG IVEQCCTSIC SLYQLENYCN //