{"entryType":"UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)","primaryAccession":"O22130","uniProtkbId":"AHL22_ARATH","entryAudit":{"firstPublicDate":"2015-03-04","lastAnnotationUpdateDate":"2026-09-02","lastSequenceUpdateDate":"1998-01-01","entryVersion":150,"sequenceVersion":1},"annotationScore":5.0,"organism":{"scientificName":"Arabidopsis thaliana","commonName":"Mouse-ear cress","taxonId":3702,"lineage":["Eukaryota","Viridiplantae","Streptophyta","Embryophyta","Tracheophyta","Spermatophyta","Magnoliopsida","eudicotyledons","Gunneridae","Pentapetalae","rosids","malvids","Brassicales","Brassicaceae","Camelineae","Arabidopsis"]},"proteinExistence":"1: Evidence at protein level","proteinDescription":{"recommendedName":{"fullName":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000312","source":"EMBL","id":"FAA00293.1"}],"value":"AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 22"}}},"genes":[{"geneName":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000303","source":"PubMed","id":"15604740"}],"value":"AHL22"},"orderedLocusNames":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000312","source":"Araport","id":"AT2G45430"}],"value":"At2g45430"}],"orfNames":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000312","source":"EMBL","id":"AAB82621.1"}],"value":"F4L23.6"}]}],"comments":[{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}],"value":"Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs). Binds an AT-rich DNA sequences in the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) promoter (PubMed:22442143). Acts redundantly with AHL18, AHL27 and AHL29 in the regulation of flowering and regulation of the hypocotyl elongation. Plays a role in both photo- and skotomorphogenesis (PubMed:19517252). Acts as a chromatin remodeling factor that modifies the architecture of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) chromatin by modulating both H3 acetylation and methylation leading to the regulation of FT expression during flowering induction (PubMed:22442143)"}],"commentType":"FUNCTION"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}],"value":"Homodimer. Interacts with HDA1/HDA19, HDA6 and HDA9"}],"commentType":"SUBUNIT"},{"commentType":"SUBCELLULAR LOCATION","subcellularLocations":[{"location":{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"},{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}],"value":"Nucleus","id":"SL-0191"}}]},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"}],"value":"Expressed at the hypocotyl-root transition zone and the root hair zone. Also detected in the inflorescence"}],"commentType":"TISSUE SPECIFICITY"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}],"value":"Highly expressed in earlier growth stages in hypocotyls, roots and the vascular bundles of the leaves. Detected later in the vascular bundles of the basal leaves aera"}],"commentType":"DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"24218605"}],"value":"The PPC domain mediates interactions between AHL proteins"}],"commentType":"DOMAIN"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"}],"value":"Slightly longer hypocotyls"}],"commentType":"DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE"},{"texts":[{"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000269","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"}],"value":"Overexpression of AHL22 results in delayed flowering and inhibition of hypocotyl growth"}],"commentType":"MISCELLANEOUS"}],"features":[{"type":"Chain","location":{"start":{"value":1,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":317,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 22","featureId":"PRO_0000432040"},{"type":"Domain","location":{"start":{"value":113,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":253,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"PPC","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000255","source":"PROSITE-ProRule","id":"PRU01078"}]},{"type":"DNA binding","location":{"start":{"value":89,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":101,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"A.T hook","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000305"}]},{"type":"Region","location":{"start":{"value":22,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":41,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Disordered","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Region","location":{"start":{"value":48,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":106,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Disordered","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Region","location":{"start":{"value":258,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":285,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Disordered","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":26,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":35,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Low complexity","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":48,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":64,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Basic and acidic residues","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":72,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":84,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Gly residues","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]},{"type":"Compositional bias","location":{"start":{"value":270,"modifier":"EXACT"},"end":{"value":282,"modifier":"EXACT"}},"description":"Low complexity","evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000256","source":"SAM","id":"MobiDB-lite"}]}],"keywords":[{"id":"KW-0238","category":"Molecular function","name":"DNA-binding"},{"id":"KW-0287","category":"Biological process","name":"Flowering"},{"id":"KW-0539","category":"Cellular component","name":"Nucleus"},{"id":"KW-1185","category":"Technical term","name":"Reference proteome"},{"id":"KW-0804","category":"Biological process","name":"Transcription"},{"id":"KW-0805","category":"Biological process","name":"Transcription regulation"}],"references":[{"referenceNumber":1,"citation":{"id":"10617197","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Lin X.","Kaul S.","Rounsley S.D.","Shea T.P.","Benito M.-I.","Town C.D.","Fujii C.Y.","Mason T.M.","Bowman C.L.","Barnstead M.E.","Feldblyum T.V.","Buell C.R.","Ketchum K.A.","Lee J.J.","Ronning C.M.","Koo H.L.","Moffat K.S.","Cronin L.A.","Shen M.","Pai G.","Van Aken S.","Umayam L.","Tallon L.J.","Gill J.E.","Adams M.D.","Carrera A.J.","Creasy T.H.","Goodman H.M.","Somerville C.R.","Copenhaver G.P.","Preuss D.","Nierman W.C.","White O.","Eisen J.A.","Salzberg S.L.","Fraser C.M.","Venter J.C."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"10617197"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1038/45471"}],"title":"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.","publicationDate":"1999","journal":"Nature","firstPage":"761","lastPage":"768","volume":"402"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"cv. Columbia","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":2,"citation":{"id":"27862469","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Cheng C.Y.","Krishnakumar V.","Chan A.P.","Thibaud-Nissen F.","Schobel S.","Town C.D."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"27862469"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1111/tpj.13415"}],"title":"Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference genome.","publicationDate":"2017","journal":"Plant J.","firstPage":"789","lastPage":"804","volume":"89"},"referencePositions":["GENOME REANNOTATION"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"cv. Columbia","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":3,"citation":{"id":"CI-CI4AM1G71UC0S","citationType":"submission","authoringGroup":["The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR)"],"title":"Community-consensus reference genome of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0.","publicationDate":"FEB-2026","submissionDatabase":"EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases"},"referencePositions":["GENOME REANNOTATION"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"cv. Columbia","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":4,"citation":{"id":"CI-3MIFP64LCL7A1","citationType":"submission","authors":["Kim C.J.","Chen H.","Cheuk R.F.","Shinn P.","Ecker J.R."],"title":"Arabidopsis ORF clones.","publicationDate":"NOV-2004","submissionDatabase":"EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"cv. Columbia","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":5,"citation":{"id":"CI-3F9411UNT5URU","citationType":"submission","authors":["Fujita M.","Mizukado S.","Seki M.","Shinozaki K.","Mitsuda N.","Takiguchi Y.","Takagi M."],"title":"ORF cloning and analysis of Arabidopsis transcription factor genes.","publicationDate":"MAR-2009","submissionDatabase":"EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases"},"referencePositions":["NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]"]},{"referenceNumber":6,"citation":{"id":"15604740","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Fujimoto S.","Matsunaga S.","Yonemura M.","Uchiyama S.","Azuma T.","Fukui K."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"15604740"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1007/s11103-004-3249-5"}],"title":"Identification of a novel plant MAR DNA binding protein localized on chromosomal surfaces.","publicationDate":"2004","journal":"Plant Mol. Biol.","firstPage":"225","lastPage":"239","volume":"56"},"referencePositions":["IDENTIFICATION","GENE FAMILY","NOMENCLATURE"],"referenceComments":[{"value":"cv. Columbia","type":"STRAIN"}]},{"referenceNumber":7,"citation":{"id":"19517252","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Xiao C.","Chen F.","Yu X.","Lin C.","Fu Y.F."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"19517252"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1007/s11103-009-9507-9"}],"title":"Over-expression of an AT-hook gene, AHL22, delays flowering and inhibits the elongation of the hypocotyl in Arabidopsis thaliana.","publicationDate":"2009","journal":"Plant Mol. Biol.","firstPage":"39","lastPage":"50","volume":"71"},"referencePositions":["FUNCTION","DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE","TISSUE SPECIFICITY","SUBCELLULAR LOCATION"]},{"referenceNumber":8,"citation":{"id":"22442143","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Yun J.","Kim Y.S.","Jung J.H.","Seo P.J.","Park C.M."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"22442143"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1074/jbc.m111.318477"}],"title":"The AT-hook motif-containing protein AHL22 regulates flowering initiation by modifying FLOWERING LOCUS T chromatin in Arabidopsis.","publicationDate":"2012","journal":"J. Biol. Chem.","firstPage":"15307","lastPage":"15316","volume":"287"},"referencePositions":["FUNCTION","DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE","SUBCELLULAR LOCATION","INTERACTION WITH HDA1/HDA19; HDA6 AND HDA9","SUBUNIT"]},{"referenceNumber":9,"citation":{"id":"24218605","citationType":"journal article","authors":["Zhao J.","Favero D.S.","Peng H.","Neff M.M."],"citationCrossReferences":[{"database":"PubMed","id":"24218605"},{"database":"DOI","id":"10.1073/pnas.1219277110"}],"title":"Arabidopsis thaliana AHL family modulates hypocotyl growth redundantly by interacting with each other via the PPC/DUF296 domain.","publicationDate":"2013","journal":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.","firstPage":"E4688","lastPage":"E4697","volume":"110"},"referencePositions":["GENE FAMILY","DOMAIN PPC"]}],"uniProtKBCrossReferences":[{"database":"EMBL","id":"AC002387","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"AAB82621.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"CP002685","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"AEC10552.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"OZ408684","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"CAO7038830.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"Genomic_DNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"BT014980","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"AAT70431.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"mRNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"BT020250","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"AAV74244.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"mRNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"AB493592","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"BAH30430.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"mRNA"}]},{"database":"EMBL","id":"BR000358","properties":[{"key":"ProteinId","value":"FAA00293.1"},{"key":"Status","value":"-"},{"key":"MoleculeType","value":"mRNA"}]},{"database":"PIR","id":"D84890","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"D84890"}]},{"database":"RefSeq","id":"NP_182067.1","properties":[{"key":"NucleotideSequenceId","value":"NM_130105.4"}]},{"database":"AlphaFoldDB","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"SMR","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"FunCoup","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"Number of interactors","value":"195"}]},{"database":"STRING","id":"3702.O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"iPTMnet","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PaxDb","id":"3702-O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"ProteomicsDB","id":"244923","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"GeneID","id":"819151","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"KEGG","id":"ath:AT2G45430","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"Araport","id":"AT2G45430","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"TAIR","id":"AT2G45430","properties":[{"key":"GeneName","value":"AHL22"}]},{"database":"eggNOG","id":"ENOG502QRBV","properties":[{"key":"ToxonomicScope","value":"Eukaryota"}]},{"database":"HOGENOM","id":"CLU_039808_2_1_1","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"InParanoid","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"OMA","id":"QIMGTDP","properties":[{"key":"Fingerprint","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PhylomeDB","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"PRO","id":"PR:O22130","properties":[{"key":"Description","value":"-"}]},{"database":"Proteomes","id":"UP000006548","properties":[{"key":"Component","value":"Chromosome 2"}]},{"database":"ExpressionAtlas","id":"O22130","properties":[{"key":"ExpressionPatterns","value":"baseline and differential"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0005634","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"C:nucleus"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IDA:UniProtKB"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000314","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0042826","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"F:histone deacetylase binding"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IPI:UniProtKB"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000353","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0003680","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"F:minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IDA:UniProtKB"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000314","source":"PubMed","id":"22442143"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0009640","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:photomorphogenesis"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IMP:TAIR"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000315","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0009647","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:skotomorphogenesis"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IMP:TAIR"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000315","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"}]},{"database":"GO","id":"GO:0010228","properties":[{"key":"GoTerm","value":"P:vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem"},{"key":"GoEvidenceType","value":"IMP:TAIR"}],"evidences":[{"evidenceCode":"ECO:0000315","source":"PubMed","id":"19517252"}]},{"database":"CDD","id":"cd11378","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"DUF296"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"FunFam","id":"3.30.1330.80:FF:000001","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Gene3D","id":"3.30.1330.80","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"Hypothetical protein, similar to alpha- acetolactate decarboxylase, domain 2"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR014476","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"AHL15-29"}]},{"database":"InterPro","id":"IPR005175","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"PPC_dom"}]},{"database":"PANTHER","id":"PTHR31100","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR-LOCALIZED PROTEIN 15"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PANTHER","id":"PTHR31100:SF2","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR-LOCALIZED PROTEIN 18-RELATED"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"Pfam","id":"PF03479","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"PCC"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PIRSF","id":"PIRSF016021","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"ESCAROLA"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"SUPFAM","id":"SSF117856","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"AF0104/ALDC/Ptd012-like"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]},{"database":"PROSITE","id":"PS51742","properties":[{"key":"EntryName","value":"PPC"},{"key":"MatchStatus","value":"1"}]}],"sequence":{"value":"MDQVSRSLPPPFLSRDLHLHPHHQFQHQQQQQQQNHGHDIDQHRIGGLKRDRDADIDPNEHSSAGKDQSTPGSGGESGGGGGGDNHITRRPRGRPAGSKNKPKPPIIITRDSANALKSHVMEVANGCDVMESVTVFARRRQRGICVLSGNGAVTNVTIRQPASVPGGGSSVVNLHGRFEILSLSGSFLPPPAPPAASGLTIYLAGGQGQVVGGSVVGPLMASGPVVIMAASFGNAAYERLPLEEDDQEEQTAGAVANNIDGNATMGGGTQTQTQTQQQQQQQLMQDPTSFIQGLPPNLMNSVQLPAEAYWGTPRPSF","length":317,"molWeight":33519,"crc64":"3A3677B991AE25F0","md5":"E4C208A33D7CBEFC077DE6A0A2FC5648"},"extraAttributes":{"countByCommentType":{"FUNCTION":1,"SUBUNIT":1,"SUBCELLULAR LOCATION":1,"TISSUE SPECIFICITY":1,"DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE":1,"DOMAIN":1,"DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE":1,"MISCELLANEOUS":1},"countByFeatureType":{"Chain":1,"Domain":1,"DNA binding":1,"Region":3,"Compositional bias":4},"uniParcId":"UPI000009FD75"}}