ID MUTS2_BACSU Reviewed; 785 AA. AC P94545; DT 15-DEC-1998, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-JUL-1997, sequence version 2. DT 02-SEP-2026, entry version 161. DE RecName: Full=Putative endonuclease MutS2 {ECO:0000305}; DE AltName: Full=Ribosome-associated protein quality control-upstream factor {ECO:0000303|PubMed:35264791}; DE Short=RQC-upstream factor {ECO:0000303|PubMed:35264791}; DE Short=RqcU {ECO:0000303|PubMed:35264791}; DE EC=3.6.4.- {ECO:0000305|PubMed:35264791, ECO:0000305|PubMed:38177497}; GN Name=mutSB {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9384377}; GN Synonyms=mutS2, rqcU {ECO:0000303|PubMed:35264791}, yshD GN {ECO:0000303|PubMed:8969504}; OrderedLocusNames=BSU28580; OS Bacillus subtilis (strain 168). OC Bacteria; Bacillati; Bacillota; Bacilli; Caryophanales; Bacillaceae; OC Bacillus. OX NCBI_TaxID=224308; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=8969504; DOI=10.1099/13500872-142-11-3067; RA Wipat A., Carter N., Brignell C.S., Guy J.B., Piper K., Sanders J., RA Emmerson P.T., Harwood C.R.; RT "The dnaB-pheA (256 degrees-240 degrees) region of the Bacillus subtilis RT chromosome containing genes responsible for stress responses, the RT utilization of plant cell walls and primary metabolism."; RL Microbiology 142:3067-3078(1996). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=9384377; DOI=10.1038/36786; RA Kunst F., Ogasawara N., Moszer I., Albertini A.M., Alloni G., Azevedo V., RA Bertero M.G., Bessieres P., Bolotin A., Borchert S., Borriss R., RA Boursier L., Brans A., Braun M., Brignell S.C., Bron S., Brouillet S., RA Bruschi C.V., Caldwell B., Capuano V., Carter N.M., Choi S.-K., RA Codani J.-J., Connerton I.F., Cummings N.J., Daniel R.A., Denizot F., RA Devine K.M., Duesterhoeft A., Ehrlich S.D., Emmerson P.T., Entian K.-D., RA Errington J., Fabret C., Ferrari E., Foulger D., Fritz C., Fujita M., RA Fujita Y., Fuma S., Galizzi A., Galleron N., Ghim S.-Y., Glaser P., RA Goffeau A., Golightly E.J., Grandi G., Guiseppi G., Guy B.J., Haga K., RA Haiech J., Harwood C.R., Henaut A., Hilbert H., Holsappel S., Hosono S., RA Hullo M.-F., Itaya M., Jones L.-M., Joris B., Karamata D., Kasahara Y., RA Klaerr-Blanchard M., Klein C., Kobayashi Y., Koetter P., Koningstein G., RA Krogh S., Kumano M., Kurita K., Lapidus A., Lardinois S., Lauber J., RA Lazarevic V., Lee S.-M., Levine A., Liu H., Masuda S., Mauel C., RA Medigue C., Medina N., Mellado R.P., Mizuno M., Moestl D., Nakai S., RA Noback M., Noone D., O'Reilly M., Ogawa K., Ogiwara A., Oudega B., RA Park S.-H., Parro V., Pohl T.M., Portetelle D., Porwollik S., RA Prescott A.M., Presecan E., Pujic P., Purnelle B., Rapoport G., Rey M., RA Reynolds S., Rieger M., Rivolta C., Rocha E., Roche B., Rose M., Sadaie Y., RA Sato T., Scanlan E., Schleich S., Schroeter R., Scoffone F., Sekiguchi J., RA Sekowska A., Seror S.J., Serror P., Shin B.-S., Soldo B., Sorokin A., RA Tacconi E., Takagi T., Takahashi H., Takemaru K., Takeuchi M., RA Tamakoshi A., Tanaka T., Terpstra P., Tognoni A., Tosato V., Uchiyama S., RA Vandenbol M., Vannier F., Vassarotti A., Viari A., Wambutt R., Wedler E., RA Wedler H., Weitzenegger T., Winters P., Wipat A., Yamamoto H., Yamane K., RA Yasumoto K., Yata K., Yoshida K., Yoshikawa H.-F., Zumstein E., RA Yoshikawa H., Danchin A.; RT "The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus RT subtilis."; RL Nature 390:249-256(1997). RN [3] RP NO FUNCTION IN MISMATCH REPAIR, INDUCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=11254128; DOI=10.1007/s004380000370; RA Rossolillo P., Albertini A.M.; RT "Functional analysis of the Bacillus subtilis yshD gene, a mutS RT paralogue."; RL Mol. Gen. Genet. 264:809-818(2001). RN [4] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INDUCTION, DOMAIN, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND RP MUTAGENESIS OF 636-LYS--LYS-785. RX PubMed=27799325; DOI=10.1128/jb.00682-16; RA Burby P.E., Simmons L.A.; RT "MutS2 Promotes Homologous Recombination in Bacillus subtilis."; RL J. Bacteriol. 199:0-0(2017). RN [5] RP FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, ATPASE ACTIVITY, SUBUNIT, DOMAIN, DISRUPTION RP PHENOTYPE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-416; 668-GLN--LYS-673; 702-LYS--LYS-785; RP 711-ASP--ARG-713 AND HIS-743. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=38177497; DOI=10.1038/s44318-023-00010-3; RA Park E.N., Mackens-Kiani T., Berhane R., Esser H., Erdenebat C., RA Burroughs A.M., Berninghausen O., Aravind L., Beckmann R., Green R., RA Buskirk A.R.; RT "B. subtilis MutS2 splits stalled ribosomes into subunits without mRNA RT cleavage."; RL EMBO J. 43:484-506(2024). RN [6] {ECO:0007744|PDB:7QV3} RP STRUCTURE BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (5.14 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH 70S RP RIBOSOME, FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, ATPASE ACTIVITY, SUBUNIT, DOMAIN, RP DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-340; LYS-341; GLU-416; RP 702-LYS--LYS-785 AND ASP-711. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=35264791; DOI=10.1038/s41586-022-04487-6; RA Cerullo F., Filbeck S., Patil P.R., Hung H.C., Xu H., Vornberger J., RA Hofer F.W., Schmitt J., Kramer G., Bukau B., Hofmann K., Pfeffer S., RA Joazeiro C.A.P.; RT "Bacterial ribosome collision sensing by a MutS DNA repair ATPase RT paralogue."; RL Nature 603:509-514(2022). CC -!- FUNCTION: Acts as a ribosome collision sensor splitting the ribosome CC into its 2 subunits (PubMed:35264791). Detects stalled/collided disomes CC (pairs of ribosomes where the leading ribosome is stalled and a second CC ribosome has collided with it) which it binds and splits, by an ATP- CC hydrolysis driven conformational change (PubMed:35264791, CC PubMed:38177497). Does not seem to have endoribonuclease activity (in CC the context of ribosome stalling) (PubMed:38177497). Acts upstream of CC the ribosome quality control system (RQC), a ribosome-associated CC complex that mediates the extraction of incompletely synthesized CC nascent chains from stalled ribosomes and their subsequent degradation, CC probably generates substrates for RQC (Probable) (PubMed:35264791, CC PubMed:38177497). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497, ECO:0000305|PubMed:35264791, CC ECO:0000305|PubMed:38177497}. CC -!- FUNCTION: Does not seem to be involved in mismatch repair or in the CC prevention of interspecific recombination during DNA transformation CC (PubMed:11254128). Might be involved in homologous recombination CC (Probable) (PubMed:27799325). Putative endonuclease that may be CC involved in the suppression of homologous recombination and may CC therefore have a key role in the control of bacterial genetic diversity CC (By similarity). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00092, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11254128, ECO:0000305|PubMed:27799325}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Binds to ribosomes as a homodimer (PubMed:35264791, CC PubMed:38177497). Binds to stalled/collided disomes, association is CC greater in (ribosome-targeted) antibiotic-treated cells (with increased CC stalling at specific mRNA sites) (PubMed:35264791, PubMed:38177497). CC The clamp domain of one monomer binds the A-site finger, the 23S rRNA CC of the central protuberance and ribosomal protein uL5 of the leading CC (stalled) ribosome, while the other monomer binds in a gap between the CC ribosomal central protuberance and the L1 stalk of the leading ribosome CC (PubMed:35264791). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00092, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791, ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325}. Note=A CC GFP-MutS2 fusion protein is diffuse over all the cell, no particular CC localization is seen (PubMed:27799325). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325}. CC -!- INDUCTION: Constitutively transcribed in rich and minimal media, CC highest transcripts occur in stationary phase in minimal media CC (PubMed:11254128). In rich medium protein is expressed at a constant CC level during all growth stages (at protein level) (PubMed:27799325). CC Probably part of the polX-mutS2-yshE operon (Probable) CC (PubMed:11254128). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11254128, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325, ECO:0000305|PubMed:11254128}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The KOW and Smr domain are required for mitomycin C resistance CC (PubMed:27799325). The ATPase and clamp domain (approximately residues CC 1-586) form a tweezer that holds the lead (stalled) ribosome CC (PubMed:35264791). The long coiled-coil domain binds along the disome CC interface, coordinated by interactions with helix 39 of the 16S rRNA of CC both ribosomes (PubMed:35264791). Deletion of the Smr domain (residues CC 702-785), which might have nuclease activity, has litle impact on CC ribosome rescue in vitro, but the strain is less competitive against CC wild-type in vivo (PubMed:35264791). In another cryo-EM structure only CC the KOW and Smr regions are visible in association with stalled disomes CC (PubMed:38177497). In this study the Smr domain interacts with uS7 and CC uS11 of the leading (stalled) ribosome, with uS3 on the collided CC ribosome, while the KOW regions contact uS10 in both ribosomal subunits CC (PubMed:38177497). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791, ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Not essential, it can be deleted CC (PubMed:11254128, PubMed:27799325, PubMed:35264791, PubMed:38177497). CC No change in spontaneous mutation rate; does not genetically interact CC with mutS or mutL (PubMed:11254128, PubMed:27799325). About 10-fold CC increased sensitivity to mitomycin C (MMC) (PubMed:27799325). Decreased CC transformation efficiency of both chromosomal (5-fold decrease) and CC plasmid DNA; a double mutS2-recU deletion strain has a 57-fold decrease CC in chromosomal DNA transformation efficicency (PubMed:27799325). CC Hypersensitive to antibiotics that target the ribosome; erythromycin, CC chloramphencicol and tetracycline, but not to beta-lactam antibiotics CC (PubMed:38177497, PubMed:35264791). Double mutSB-rqcH, mutSB-ssrA and CC triple mutSB-rqcH-ssrA deletions are even more sensitive to CC erythromycin (PubMed:35264791). Decreases alanine-tailing by 80%; Ala- CC tailing by RqcH (which targets aberrant nascent chains for degradation) CC requires splitting of the 30S and 50S subunits of stalled ribosomes CC (PubMed:35264791, PubMed:38177497). Decreased rescue of stalled CC ribosomes (PubMed:38177497). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11254128, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497}. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The ssrA gene (for tmRNA) encodes the SsrA tag added to CC nascent proteins in stalled ribosomes by trans-translation, which CC targets the nascent protein for degradation. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. MutS2 CC subfamily. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00092}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; Z75208; CAA99569.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AL009126; CAB14818.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR PIR; D69985; D69985. DR RefSeq; NP_390736.1; NC_000964.3. DR RefSeq; WP_003229541.1; NC_000964.3. DR PDB; 7QV3; EM; 5.14 A; v/w=1-785. DR PDB; 8QPP; EM; 3.40 A; W=1-785. DR PDB; 8R55; EM; 3.57 A; z=1-785. DR AlphaFoldDB; P94545; -. DR EMDB; EMD-14159; -. DR SMR; P94545; -. DR FunCoup; P94545; 149. DR STRING; 224308.BSU28580; -. DR PaxDb; 224308-BSU28580; -. DR EnsemblBacteria; CAB14818; CAB14818; BSU_28580. DR GeneID; 937447; -. DR KEGG; bsu:BSU28580; -. DR PATRIC; fig|224308.179.peg.3105; -. DR eggNOG; COG1193; Bacteria. DR InParanoid; P94545; -. DR OrthoDB; 9808166at2; -. DR PhylomeDB; P94545; -. DR BioCyc; BSUB:BSU28580-MONOMER; -. DR Proteomes; UP000001570; Chromosome. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; EXP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule. DR GO; GO:0016887; F:ATP hydrolysis activity; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0140664; F:ATP-dependent DNA damage sensor activity; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0030983; F:mismatched DNA binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0043023; F:ribosomal large subunit binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0019843; F:rRNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006298; P:mismatch repair; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0045910; P:negative regulation of DNA recombination; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0072344; P:rescue of stalled cytosolic ribosome; IDA:UniProtKB. DR CDD; cd03280; ABC_MutS2; 1. DR CDD; cd06503; ATP-synt_Fo_b; 1. DR FunFam; 3.30.1370.110:FF:000013; Endonuclease MutS2; 1. DR FunFam; 3.40.50.300:FF:000830; Endonuclease MutS2; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.30.1370.110; -; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.40.50.300; P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases; 1. DR HAMAP; MF_00092; MutS2; 1. DR InterPro; IPR000432; DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_C. DR InterPro; IPR007696; DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_core. DR InterPro; IPR036187; DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_sf. DR InterPro; IPR046893; MSSS. DR InterPro; IPR045076; MutS. DR InterPro; IPR005747; MutS2. DR InterPro; IPR027417; P-loop_NTPase. DR InterPro; IPR002625; Smr_dom. DR InterPro; IPR036063; Smr_dom_sf. DR NCBIfam; TIGR01069; mutS2; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR48466:SF2; OS10G0509000 PROTEIN; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR48466; OS10G0509000 PROTEIN-RELATED; 1. DR Pfam; PF20297; MSSS; 1. DR Pfam; PF00488; MutS_V; 1. DR Pfam; PF01713; Smr; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF005814; MutS_YshD; 1. DR SMART; SM00534; MUTSac; 1. DR SMART; SM00533; MUTSd; 1. DR SMART; SM00463; SMR; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF48334; DNA repair protein MutS, domain III; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF52540; P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF160443; SMR domain-like; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00486; DNA_MISMATCH_REPAIR_2; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50828; SMR; 1. DR PDBsum; 7QV3; -. DR PDBsum; 8QPP; -. DR PDBsum; 8R55; -. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; ATP-binding; Coiled coil; Cytoplasm; DNA-binding; Hydrolase; KW Nucleotide-binding; Reference proteome; RNA-binding; rRNA-binding. FT CHAIN 1..785 FT /note="Putative endonuclease MutS2" FT /id="PRO_0000115217" FT DOMAIN 710..785 FT /note="Smr" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00092" FT REGION 636..785 FT /note="Partially complements a deletion for mitomycin C FT (MMC) resistance and for chromosomal DNA transformation" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325" FT REGION 641..681 FT /note="KOW region" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:35264791, FT ECO:0000305|PubMed:38177497" FT COILED 513..586 FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:35264791" FT BINDING 335..342 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00092" FT MUTAGEN 340 FT /note="G->R: Prevents disome splitting." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791" FT MUTAGEN 341 FT /note="K->A: Probably binds less ATP, more associated with FT polysomes than disomes or trisomes, does not restore FT alanine-tailing, does not restore erythromycin sensitivity, FT outcompeted by wild-type strain in vivo." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791" FT MUTAGEN 416 FT /note="E->A: Probably decreased ATP hydrolysis, more FT associated with polysomes than disomes or trisomes, does FT not restore alanine-tailing, does not restore erythromycin FT sensitivity, prevents disome splitting." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497" FT MUTAGEN 636..785 FT /note="Missing: Does not complement sensitivity to MMC, nor FT chromosomal DNA transformation." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:27799325" FT MUTAGEN 668..673 FT /note="QIGILK->AIGAAA: Decreased binding to FT stalled/collided disomes." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497" FT MUTAGEN 702..785 FT /note="Missing: Slightly reduced ability to restore FT erythromycin resistance in vivo, outcompeted by wild-type FT strain in vivo. Dramatically decreased binding to FT stalled/collided disomes." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497" FT MUTAGEN 711..713 FT /note="DLR->ALA: Dramatically decreased binding to FT stalled/collided disomes, no change in disome splitting in FT vitro." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497" FT MUTAGEN 711 FT /note="D->A: Slightly reduced ability to restore FT erythromycin resistance in vivo, outcompeted by wild-type FT strain in vivo." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:35264791" FT MUTAGEN 743 FT /note="H->A: Dramatically decreased binding to FT stalled/collided disomes." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:38177497" FT STRAND 708..711 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT HELIX 717..730 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT TURN 731..733 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT STRAND 737..742 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT HELIX 751..760 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT STRAND 762..769 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT HELIX 772..774 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT HELIX 776..778 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" FT STRAND 779..784 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:8QPP" SQ SEQUENCE 785 AA; 87417 MW; 20D14CDB931167C2 CRC64; MQQKVLSALE FHKVKEQVIG HAASSLGKEM LLELKPSASI DEIKKQLDEV DEASDIIRLR GQAPFGGLVD IRGALRRAEI GSVLSPSEFT EISGLLYAVK QMKHFITQMA EDGVDIPLIH QHAEQLITLS DLERDINSCI DDHGEVLDHA SETLRGIRTQ LRTLESRVRD RLESMLRSSS ASKMLSDTIV TIRNDRFVIP VKQEYRSSYG GIVHDTSSSG ATLFIEPQAI VDMNNSLQQA KVKEKQEIER ILRVLTEKTA EYTEELFLDL QVLQTLDFIF AKARYAKAVK ATKPIMNDTG FIRLKKARHP LLPPDQVVAN DIELGRDFST IVITGPNTGG KTVTLKTLGL LTLMAQSGLH IPADEGSEAA VFEHVFADIG DEQSIEQSLS TFSSHMVNIV GILEQVNENS LVLFDELGAG TDPQEGAALA MSILDDVHRT NARVLATTHY PELKAYGYNR EGVMNASVEF DIETLSPTYK LLIGVPGRSN AFEISKRLGL PDHIIGQAKS EMTAEHNEVD TMIASLEQSK KRAEEELSET ESIRKEAEKL HKELQQQIIE LNSKKDKMLE EAEQQAAEKV KAAMKEAEDI IHELRTIKEE HKSFKDHELI NAKKRLEGAM PAFEKSKKPE KPKTQKRDFK PGDEVKVLTF GQKGTLLEKT GGNEWNVQIG ILKMKVKEKD LEFIKSAPEP KKEKMITAVK GKDYHVSLEL DLRGERYENA LSRVEKYLDD AVLAGYPRVS IIHGKGTGAL RKGVQDLLKN HRSVKSSRFG EAGEGGSGVT VVELK //