ID P2C57_ARATH Reviewed; 388 AA. AC P49599; Q3E9V3; Q3E9V4; Q9M0J6; Q9STP6; DT 01-FEB-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 24-JAN-2001, sequence version 2. DT 02-SEP-2026, entry version 184. DE RecName: Full=Protein phosphatase 2C 57 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:19021904}; DE Short=AtPP2C57 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:19021904}; DE EC=3.1.3.16 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20126264}; DE AltName: Full=Protein phosphatase 2C PPH1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15130549}; DE Short=PP2C PPH1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15130549}; DE AltName: Full=Thylakoid-associated phosphatase of 38 kDa {ECO:0000303|PubMed:20126264}; GN Name=PPH1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15130549}; GN Synonyms=PP2C57 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:19021904}, TAP38 GN {ECO:0000303|PubMed:20126264}; GN OrderedLocusNames=At4g27800 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT4G27800}; GN ORFNames=T27E11.40 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAB43968.1}; OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress). OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis. OX NCBI_TaxID=3702; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134; RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T., RA Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B., RA Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M., RA de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M., RA Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D., RA Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J., RA Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., RA Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., RA Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., RA Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M., RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P., RA Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S., RA Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., RA Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J., RA Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., RA Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., RA Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., RA Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., RA Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E., RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S., RA Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R., RA Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., RA Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., RA Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., RA Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., RA Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., RA de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., RA Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., RA Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., RA Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., RA Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K., RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W., RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H., RA Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B., RA Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J., RA Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K., RA O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N., RA Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A., RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.; RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Nature 402:769-777(1999). RN [2] RP GENOME REANNOTATION. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415; RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S., RA Town C.D.; RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference RT genome."; RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017). RN [3] RP GENOME REANNOTATION. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RG The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR); RT "Community-consensus reference genome of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0."; RL Submitted (FEB-2026) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305; RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L., RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., RA Ecker J.R.; RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis RT genome."; RL Science 302:842-846(2003). RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-365 (ISOFORM 1). RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=7569999; DOI=10.1126/science.270.5235.467; RA Schena M., Shalon D., Davis R.W., Brown P.O.; RT "Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary RT DNA microarray."; RL Science 270:467-470(1995). RN [6] RP GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE. RX PubMed=15130549; DOI=10.1016/j.tplants.2004.03.007; RA Schweighofer A., Hirt H., Meskiene I.; RT "Plant PP2C phosphatases: emerging functions in stress signaling."; RL Trends Plant Sci. 9:236-243(2004). RN [7] RP GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE. RX PubMed=19021904; DOI=10.1186/1471-2164-9-550; RA Xue T., Wang D., Zhang S., Ehlting J., Ni F., Jacab S., Zheng C., Zhong Y.; RT "Genome-wide and expression analysis of protein phosphatase 2C in rice and RT Arabidopsis."; RL BMC Genomics 9:550-550(2008). RN [8] RP FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY. RX PubMed=20126264; DOI=10.1371/journal.pbio.1000288; RA Pribil M., Pesaresi P., Hertle A., Barbato R., Leister D.; RT "Role of plastid protein phosphatase TAP38 in LHCII dephosphorylation and RT thylakoid electron flow."; RL PLoS Biol. 8:e1000288-e1000288(2010). RN [9] RP FUNCTION, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RX PubMed=20176943; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0913810107; RA Shapiguzov A., Ingelsson B., Samol I., Andres C., Kessler F., Rochaix J.D., RA Vener A.V., Goldschmidt-Clermont M.; RT "The PPH1 phosphatase is specifically involved in LHCII dephosphorylation RT and state transitions in Arabidopsis."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107:4782-4787(2010). RN [10] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.60 ANGSTROMS) OF 59-351 IN COMPLEX WITH MANGANESE RP IONS. RX PubMed=25888588; DOI=10.1105/tpc.15.00102; RA Wei X., Guo J., Li M., Liu Z.; RT "Structural mechanism underlying the specific recognition between the RT Arabidopsis state-transition phosphatase TAP38/PPH1 and phosphorylated RT light-harvesting complex protein Lhcb1."; RL Plant Cell 27:1113-1127(2015). CC -!- FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Protein phosphatase specifically required for CC efficient dephosphorylation of the light-harvesting complex II outer CC antennae (LCHII) and transition from state 2 to state 1 CC (PubMed:20126264, PubMed:20176943). State transition plays a central CC role in response to environmental changes and allows to adjust to CC changing light conditions via the redistribution of light excitation CC energy between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) in a short CC time by relocating LHCII proteins (Probable). Mainly responsible for CC the dephosphorylation of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 but not of the photosystem II CC core proteins (PubMed:20176943). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20126264, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20176943, ECO:0000305}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] + H2O = L-seryl-[protein] + CC phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:20629, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9863, Rhea:RHEA- CC COMP:11604, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:29999, ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:83421; EC=3.1.3.16; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20126264}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:20630; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20126264}; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] + H2O = L-threonyl-[protein] + CC phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:47004, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11060, Rhea:RHEA- CC COMP:11605, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:30013, ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:61977; EC=3.1.3.16; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20126264}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:47005; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20126264}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588}; CC Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29035; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588}; CC Note=Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588}; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Membrane {ECO:0000255}; Single-pass CC membrane protein {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Plastid, chloroplast stroma CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20176943}. Note=Associates with the stroma lamellae CC of the thylakoid membranes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20176943}. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3; CC Name=1; CC IsoId=P49599-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC Name=2; CC IsoId=P49599-2; Sequence=VSP_034837, VSP_034838; CC Name=3; CC IsoId=P49599-3; Sequence=VSP_034835, VSP_034836; CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PP2C family. {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION: CC Sequence=AAA92889.1; Type=Frameshift; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC Sequence=CAB43968.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; AL078579; CAB43968.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AL161571; CAB81429.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE85393.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE85394.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE85395.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; OZ408686; CAO7048983.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AY080875; AAL87346.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY114060; AAM45108.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; U34803; AAA92889.1; ALT_FRAME; mRNA. DR PIR; C85323; C85323. DR PIR; T09019; T09019. DR RefSeq; NP_194509.1; NM_118918.5. [P49599-1] DR RefSeq; NP_849459.1; NM_179128.2. [P49599-2] DR RefSeq; NP_849460.1; NM_179129.1. [P49599-3] DR PDB; 4YZG; X-ray; 1.60 A; A/B=59-351. DR PDB; 4YZH; X-ray; 2.00 A; A=59-351. DR AlphaFoldDB; P49599; -. DR SMR; P49599; -. DR FunCoup; P49599; 932. DR STRING; 3702.P49599; -. DR PaxDb; 3702-P49599; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 248723; -. [P49599-1] DR GeneID; 828893; -. DR KEGG; ath:AT4G27800; -. DR Araport; AT4G27800; -. DR TAIR; AT4G27800; TAP38. DR eggNOG; KOG0698; Eukaryota. DR HOGENOM; CLU_013173_1_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; P49599; -. DR OMA; WCHASAA; -. DR PhylomeDB; P49599; -. DR EvolutionaryTrace; P49599; -. DR PRO; PR:P49599; -. DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4. DR GO; GO:0009507; C:chloroplast; HDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009570; C:chloroplast stroma; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; HDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0005730; C:nucleolus; HDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; HDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009579; C:thylakoid; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0000287; F:magnesium ion binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030145; F:manganese ion binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0016791; F:phosphatase activity; IDA:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0004722; F:protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity; EXP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0016311; P:dephosphorylation; IMP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0009767; P:photosynthetic electron transport chain; IMP:TAIR. DR GO; GO:0080005; P:photosystem stoichiometry adjustment; IMP:TAIR. DR CDD; cd00143; PP2Cc; 1. DR FunFam; 3.60.40.10:FF:000049; Protein phosphatase 2C 57; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.60.40.10; PPM-type phosphatase domain; 1. DR InterPro; IPR015655; PP2C. DR InterPro; IPR000222; PP2C_BS. DR InterPro; IPR036457; PPM-type-like_dom_sf. DR InterPro; IPR001932; PPM-type_phosphatase-like_dom. DR PANTHER; PTHR13832:SF589; [PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE [ACETYL-TRANSFERRING]]-PHOSPHATASE 2, MITOCHONDRIAL; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR13832; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2C; 1. DR Pfam; PF00481; PP2C; 1. DR SMART; SM00332; PP2Cc; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF81606; PP2C-like; 1. DR PROSITE; PS01032; PPM_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51746; PPM_2; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Alternative splicing; Chloroplast; Hydrolase; Magnesium; KW Manganese; Membrane; Metal-binding; Plastid; Protein phosphatase; KW Reference proteome; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix. FT CHAIN 1..388 FT /note="Protein phosphatase 2C 57" FT /id="PRO_0000057768" FT TRANSMEM 363..383 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DOMAIN 59..348 FT /note="PPM-type phosphatase" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01082" FT BINDING 93 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:4YZG" FT BINDING 93 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:4YZG" FT BINDING 94 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:4YZG" FT BINDING 296 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:4YZG" FT BINDING 339 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25888588, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:4YZG" FT VAR_SEQ 323..326 FT /note="LACE -> ATCL (in isoform 3)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT /id="VSP_034835" FT VAR_SEQ 327..388 FT /note="Missing (in isoform 3)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT /id="VSP_034836" FT VAR_SEQ 334..335 FT /note="DR -> VK (in isoform 2)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT /id="VSP_034837" FT VAR_SEQ 336..388 FT /note="Missing (in isoform 2)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT /id="VSP_034838" FT CONFLICT 1..4 FT /note="MALL -> SNSS (in Ref. 5; AAA92889)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 69..70 FT /note="RD -> QY (in Ref. 5; AAA92889)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 271 FT /note="D -> N (in Ref. 5; AAA92889)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 353 FT /note="W -> C (in Ref. 5; AAA92889)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT STRAND 59..65 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 69..71 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 74..81 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT TURN 82..85 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 86..98 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 99..115 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 119..123 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 127..151 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 160..169 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 172..180 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 182..187 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 190..193 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 202..204 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 205..216 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT TURN 227..229 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 239..241 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT TURN 242..244 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 245..254 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 260..264 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 272..274 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 278..283 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 288..294 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 296..299 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 304..318 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT HELIX 321..334 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" FT STRAND 341..347 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4YZG" SQ SEQUENCE 388 AA; 42719 MW; 496ECCC786AEB802 CRC64; MALLRPHLHR FHSNTLRHSA YPSADAGGGL VVYPTYGRHR CSAIAIDAPS SLTGVTPIRW GYTSVQGFRD EMEDDIVIRS DAVDSFSYAA VFDGHAGSSS VKFLREELYK ECVGALQAGS LLNGGDFAAI KEALIKAFES VDRNLLKWLE ANGDEEDESG STATVMIIRN DVSFIAHIGD SCAVLSRSGQ IEELTDYHRP YGSSRAAIQE VKRVKEAGGW IVNGRICGDI AVSRAFGDIR FKTKKNDMLK KGVDEGRWSE KFVSRIEFKG DMVVATPDIF QVPLTSDVEF IILASDGLWD YMKSSDVVSY VRDQLRKHGN VQLACESLAQ VALDRRSQDN ISIIIADLGR TEWKNLPAQR QNVVVELVQA ATTIGLVTVG IWMSSHLS //