ID TPA1_YEAST Reviewed; 644 AA. AC P40032; D3DLV1; DT 01-FEB-1995, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-FEB-1995, sequence version 1. DT 02-SEP-2026, entry version 178. DE RecName: Full=Prolyl 3,4-dihydroxylase TPA1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16809762}; DE EC=1.14.11.- {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24550462}; DE AltName: Full=Termination and polyadenylation protein 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16809762}; DE AltName: Full=uS12 prolyl 3,4-dihydroxylase {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25728928}; GN Name=TPA1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16809762}; GN OrderedLocusNames=YER049W {ECO:0000312|SGD:S000000851}; OS Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast). OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; OC Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces. OX NCBI_TaxID=559292; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=ATCC 204508 / S288c; RX PubMed=9169868; DOI=10.1038/387s078; RA Dietrich F.S., Mulligan J.T., Hennessy K.M., Yelton M.A., Allen E., RA Araujo R., Aviles E., Berno A., Brennan T., Carpenter J., Chen E., RA Cherry J.M., Chung E., Duncan M., Guzman E., Hartzell G., Hunicke-Smith S., RA Hyman R.W., Kayser A., Komp C., Lashkari D., Lew H., Lin D., Mosedale D., RA Nakahara K., Namath A., Norgren R., Oefner P., Oh C., Petel F.X., RA Roberts D., Sehl P., Schramm S., Shogren T., Smith V., Taylor P., Wei Y., RA Botstein D., Davis R.W.; RT "The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome V."; RL Nature 387:78-81(1997). RN [2] RP GENOME REANNOTATION. RC STRAIN=ATCC 204508 / S288c; RX PubMed=24374639; DOI=10.1534/g3.113.008995; RA Engel S.R., Dietrich F.S., Fisk D.G., Binkley G., Balakrishnan R., RA Costanzo M.C., Dwight S.S., Hitz B.C., Karra K., Nash R.S., Weng S., RA Wong E.D., Lloyd P., Skrzypek M.S., Miyasato S.R., Simison M., Cherry J.M.; RT "The reference genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Then and now."; RL G3 (Bethesda) 4:389-398(2014). RN [3] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=14562095; DOI=10.1038/nature02026; RA Huh W.-K., Falvo J.V., Gerke L.C., Carroll A.S., Howson R.W., RA Weissman J.S., O'Shea E.K.; RT "Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast."; RL Nature 425:686-691(2003). RN [4] RP LEVEL OF PROTEIN EXPRESSION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=14562106; DOI=10.1038/nature02046; RA Ghaemmaghami S., Huh W.-K., Bower K., Howson R.W., Belle A., Dephoure N., RA O'Shea E.K., Weissman J.S.; RT "Global analysis of protein expression in yeast."; RL Nature 425:737-741(2003). RN [5] RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH PAB1; SUP1 AND SUP35. RX PubMed=16809762; DOI=10.1128/mcb.02448-05; RA Keeling K.M., Salas-Marco J., Osherovich L.Z., Bedwell D.M.; RT "Tpa1p is part of an mRNP complex that influences translation termination, RT mRNA deadenylation, and mRNA turnover in Saccharomyces cerevisiae."; RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:5237-5248(2006). RN [6] RP PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-607, AND IDENTIFICATION BY RP MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=18407956; DOI=10.1074/mcp.m700468-mcp200; RA Albuquerque C.P., Smolka M.B., Payne S.H., Bafna V., Eng J., Zhou H.; RT "A multidimensional chromatography technology for in-depth phosphoproteome RT analysis."; RL Mol. Cell. Proteomics 7:1389-1396(2008). RN [7] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND INTERACTION WITH FRK1. RX PubMed=20489023; DOI=10.1126/science.1176495; RA Breitkreutz A., Choi H., Sharom J.R., Boucher L., Neduva V., Larsen B., RA Lin Z.Y., Breitkreutz B.J., Stark C., Liu G., Ahn J., Dewar-Darch D., RA Reguly T., Tang X., Almeida R., Qin Z.S., Pawson T., Gingras A.C., RA Nesvizhskii A.I., Tyers M.; RT "A global protein kinase and phosphatase interaction network in yeast."; RL Science 328:1043-1046(2010). RN [8] RP FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, AND MUTAGENESIS OF 159-ASP--HIS-161. RX PubMed=24550462; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1311750111; RA Loenarz C., Sekirnik R., Thalhammer A., Ge W., Spivakovsky E., RA Mackeen M.M., McDonough M.A., Cockman M.E., Kessler B.M., Ratcliffe P.J., RA Wolf A., Schofield C.J.; RT "Hydroxylation of the eukaryotic ribosomal decoding center affects RT translational accuracy."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111:4019-4024(2014). RN [9] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.80 ANGSTROMS) OF 1-644, FUNCTION, DISRUPTION RP PHENOTYPE, SUBUNIT, MUTAGENESIS OF 159-ASP--HIS-161, AND INTERACTION WITH RP ETT1. RX PubMed=20630870; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m110.106864; RA Henri J., Rispal D., Bayart E., van Tilbeurgh H., Seraphin B., Graille M.; RT "Structural and functional insights into Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tpa1, a RT putative prolylhydroxylase influencing translation termination and RT transcription."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 285:30767-30778(2010). RN [10] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.77 ANGSTROMS) OF 21-644 IN COMPLEX WITH IRON AND RP 2-OXOGLUTARATE, AND SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=20040577; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkp1151; RA Kim H.S., Kim H.L., Kim K.H., Kim D.J., Lee S.J., Yoon J.Y., Yoon H.J., RA Lee H.Y., Park S.B., Kim S.J., Lee J.Y., Suh S.W.; RT "Crystal structure of Tpa1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a component of RT the messenger ribonucleoprotein complex."; RL Nucleic Acids Res. 38:2099-2110(2010). RN [11] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.90 ANGSTROMS) OF 21-644 IN COMPLEX WITH RP INHIBITORS, AND SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=25728928; DOI=10.1016/j.str.2015.01.014; RA Horita S., Scotti J.S., Thinnes C., Mottaghi-Taromsari Y.S., Thalhammer A., RA Ge W., Aik W., Loenarz C., Schofield C.J., McDonough M.A.; RT "Structure of the ribosomal oxygenase OGFOD1 provides insights into the RT regio- and stereoselectivity of prolyl hydroxylases."; RL Structure 23:639-652(2015). CC -!- FUNCTION: Prolyl 3,4-dihydroxylase that catalyzes 3,4-dihydroxylation CC of 'Pro-64' of small ribosomal subunit uS12 (RPS23A and RPS23B), CC thereby regulating protein translation termination efficiency. Part of CC a messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complex at the 3'-UTR of mRNAs. It CC associates specifically with components of the translation termination CC complex and is involved in both translation termination and in CC regulation of normal mRNA decay through translation termination-coupled CC poly(A) shortening. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16809762, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20630870, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24550462}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=[ribosomal protein uS12]-L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = CC [ribosomal protein uS12]-(3S)-3-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2; CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54156, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13816, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13818, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:16810, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:30031, ChEBI:CHEBI:50342, ChEBI:CHEBI:85428; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:24550462, ECO:0000305|PubMed:25728928}; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=[ribosomal protein uS12]-(3S)-3-hydroxy-L-proline + 2- CC oxoglutarate + O2 = [ribosomal protein uS12]-(3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-L- CC proline + succinate + CO2; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54160, Rhea:RHEA- CC COMP:13817, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13818, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:16810, ChEBI:CHEBI:30031, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:85428, ChEBI:CHEBI:138052; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:24550462, ECO:0000305|PubMed:25728928}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Fe(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29033; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577}; CC Note=Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=L-ascorbate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:38290; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer and homodimer (PubMed:20040577, PubMed:20630870). CC Interacts with FRK1, eRF1 (SUP1), eRF3 (SUP35) and polyadenylate- CC binding protein PAB1. Interacts with ETT1 (PubMed:16809762, CC PubMed:20489023). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16809762, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20489023, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20630870}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14562095}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Decrease of translation termination efficacy and CC an increase in mRNAs half-lives and longer mRNA poly(A) tails. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20630870}. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Present with 8910 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14562106}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TPA1 family. {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; U18796; AAB64584.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BK006939; DAA07705.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR PIR; S50552; S50552. DR RefSeq; NP_010969.1; NM_001178940.1. DR PDB; 3KT1; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=21-644. DR PDB; 3KT4; X-ray; 2.73 A; A=21-644. DR PDB; 3KT7; X-ray; 1.77 A; A=21-644. DR PDB; 3MGU; X-ray; 2.80 A; A=1-644. DR PDB; 4NHK; X-ray; 1.90 A; A=21-644. DR PDB; 4NHL; X-ray; 2.84 A; A=21-644. DR PDB; 4NHM; X-ray; 1.90 A; A=21-644. DR AlphaFoldDB; P40032; -. DR SMR; P40032; -. DR BioGRID; 36788; 117. DR DIP; DIP-2878N; -. DR FunCoup; P40032; 491. DR IntAct; P40032; 7. DR MINT; P40032; -. DR STRING; 4932.YER049W; -. DR iPTMnet; P40032; -. DR PaxDb; 4932-YER049W; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P40032; -. DR EnsemblFungi; YER049W_mRNA; YER049W; YER049W. DR GeneID; 856775; -. DR KEGG; sce:YER049W; -. DR AGR; SGD:S000000851; -. DR SGD; S000000851; TPA1. DR VEuPathDB; FungiDB:YER049W; -. DR eggNOG; KOG3844; Eukaryota. DR HOGENOM; CLU_017005_0_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; P40032; -. DR OMA; GWYHIPQ; -. DR OrthoDB; 430522at2759; -. DR BioCyc; YEAST:G3O-30228-MONOMER; -. DR Reactome; R-SCE-9629569; Protein hydroxylation. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 856775; 0 hits in 10 CRISPR screens. DR EvolutionaryTrace; P40032; -. DR PRO; PR:P40032; -. DR Proteomes; UP000002311; Chromosome V. DR RNAct; P40032; protein. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; HDA:SGD. DR GO; GO:0008198; F:ferrous iron binding; IMP:SGD. DR GO; GO:0031418; F:L-ascorbic acid binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0031543; F:peptidyl-proline dioxygenase activity; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0008143; F:poly(A) binding; IDA:SGD. DR GO; GO:0000288; P:nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay; IMP:SGD. DR GO; GO:0018188; P:peptidyl-proline di-hydroxylation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006450; P:regulation of translational fidelity; IMP:SGD. DR GO; GO:0006449; P:regulation of translational termination; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006415; P:translational termination; IMP:SGD. DR FunFam; 2.60.120.620:FF:000014; Prolyl 3,4-dihydroxylase TPA1; 1. DR FunFam; 3.60.130.20:FF:000002; Prolyl 3,4-dihydroxylase TPA1; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.60.130.20; Oxoglutarate/iron-dependent oxygenase, C-terminal degradation domain; 1. DR Gene3D; 2.60.120.620; q2cbj1_9rhob like domain; 1. DR InterPro; IPR005123; Oxoglu/Fe-dep_dioxygenase_dom. DR InterPro; IPR019601; Oxoglutarate/Fe-dep_Oase_C. DR InterPro; IPR006620; Pro_4_hyd_alph. DR InterPro; IPR043044; TPA1/Ofd1_C. DR InterPro; IPR039558; TPA1/OFD1_N. DR InterPro; IPR051842; uS12_prolyl_hydroxylase. DR PANTHER; PTHR12117; HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE COMPLEX; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR12117:SF0; PROLYL 3-HYDROXYLASE OGFOD1; 1. DR Pfam; PF13661; 2OG-FeII_Oxy_4; 1. DR Pfam; PF10637; Ofd1_CTDD; 1. DR SMART; SM00702; P4Hc; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51471; FE2OG_OXY; 1. DR PDBsum; 3KT1; -. DR PDBsum; 3KT4; -. DR PDBsum; 3KT7; -. DR PDBsum; 3MGU; -. DR PDBsum; 4NHK; -. DR PDBsum; 4NHL; -. DR PDBsum; 4NHM; -. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Dioxygenase; Iron; Metal-binding; Nucleus; Oxidoreductase; KW Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Vitamin C. FT CHAIN 1..644 FT /note="Prolyl 3,4-dihydroxylase TPA1" FT /id="PRO_0000206670" FT DOMAIN 141..247 FT /note="Fe2OG dioxygenase" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805" FT BINDING 159 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25728928" FT BINDING 161 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25728928" FT BINDING 173 FT /ligand="2-oxoglutarate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:16810" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577" FT BINDING 227 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25728928" FT BINDING 238 FT /ligand="2-oxoglutarate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:16810" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20040577" FT MOD_RES 607 FT /note="Phosphoserine" FT /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:18407956" FT MUTAGEN 159..161 FT /note="HDD->ADN,ADA: Loss of function." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20630870, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:24550462" FT MUTAGEN 159 FT /note="H->A: Loss of function." FT HELIX 27..29 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 32..35 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 37..48 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 51..53 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 56..60 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 64..77 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 81..84 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 86..92 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 111..120 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 123..133 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 139..142 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3MGU" FT STRAND 145..150 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 155..159 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 166..173 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 180..182 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NHK" FT HELIX 183..185 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 189..191 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 194..196 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 205..208 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 214..219 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT TURN 222..224 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 227..229 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 238..246 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 247..249 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 252..254 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NHK" FT HELIX 259..268 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 269..277 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT4" FT HELIX 278..282 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 294..304 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 332..338 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT TURN 339..341 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 344..346 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 349..362 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 363..369 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 373..389 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 391..393 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 396..398 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT TURN 409..411 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 415..417 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 419..421 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT1" FT HELIX 428..436 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 439..441 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3MGU" FT HELIX 443..457 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT TURN 461..463 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 466..479 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 481..491 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 492..495 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 497..505 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT TURN 507..509 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 521..523 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 527..540 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT TURN 546..550 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 555..558 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 588..592 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 596..604 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT STRAND 609..612 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" FT HELIX 613..616 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NHL" FT STRAND 623..634 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:3KT7" SQ SEQUENCE 644 AA; 74041 MW; 1273410E75479A46 CRC64; MKRKTAEVKG EKERNSKQIS LEEDKIKGMF NPKIWDKTFQ DGLKKEIEDS QPYNWGTIHE LVNDDLLRAV RKEIETEIHF TKKETDIYRV NQSGDLANLS GLDWDDLSRL PNLFKLRQIL YSKQYRDFFG YVTKAGKLSG SKTDMSINTY TKGCHLLTHD DVIGSRRISF ILYLPDPDRK WKSHYGGGLR LFPSILPNVP HSDPSAKLVP QFNQIAFFKV LPGFSFHDVE EVKVDKHRLS IQGWYHIPQV GEEGYIPGEE EAWVRNNTST LAQIESNVLE DFEFPKDERN ILSFHEVKHF EKMLKGDAGA KTDNTPKESM TSVISDSVKL SEAEFTYLSQ YISPEHLSSK GIEKLQKQFV ENSSLQIESF LNDDKSELLK KVIKQKELEQ ECPYHSKDVK APWKTAIPPH KARYLYIDGK EYRNFQTEAD ILEALNNNDL PNFQFTKDAI KIISDASGNS RENNFDAELA LIDLAVFHKS TIFKKYLALL TSLCPVSEQI LIRRFRPGMD FTLATKCRFN ELLKSNPDII DAVLEGTLCL TPSAGWESGE LGGYELYMMD DDEDNKQYLK EDVEDASVYR ADDSGDSVLI NDPPAWNTFN LVLRDESVLE FVKYVSWSAK SSRWDVKMKW DVKSCDEDGQ EDEA //