ID TAUD_ECOLI Reviewed; 283 AA. AC P37610; P77797; Q2MC57; Q47540; DT 01-OCT-1994, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 3. DT 04-NOV-2026, entry version 186. DE RecName: Full=Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9287300}; DE EC=1.14.11.17 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; DE AltName: Full=2-aminoethanesulfonate dioxygenase; DE AltName: Full=Sulfate starvation-induced protein 3; DE Short=SSI3; GN Name=tauD; Synonyms=ssiD, yaiG; OrderedLocusNames=b0368, JW0360; OS Escherichia coli (strain K12). OC Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; OC Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia. OX NCBI_TaxID=83333; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], INDUCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND RP PATHWAY. RC STRAIN=K12; RX PubMed=8808933; DOI=10.1128/jb.178.18.5438-5446.1996; RA van der Ploeg J.R., Weiss M.A., Saller E., Nashimoto H., Saito N., RA Kertesz M.A., Leisinger T.; RT "Identification of sulfate starvation-regulated genes in Escherichia coli: RT a gene cluster involved in the utilization of taurine as a sulfur source."; RL J. Bacteriol. 178:5438-5446(1996). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076; RA Chung E., Allen E., Araujo R., Aparicio A.M., Davis K., Duncan M., RA Federspiel N., Hyman R., Kalman S., Komp C., Kurdi O., Lew H., Lin D., RA Namath A., Oefner P., Roberts D., Schramm S., Davis R.W.; RT "Sequence of minutes 4-25 of Escherichia coli."; RL Submitted (JAN-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076; RX PubMed=9278503; DOI=10.1126/science.277.5331.1453; RA Blattner F.R., Plunkett G. III, Bloch C.A., Perna N.T., Burland V., RA Riley M., Collado-Vides J., Glasner J.D., Rode C.K., Mayhew G.F., RA Gregor J., Davis N.W., Kirkpatrick H.A., Goeden M.A., Rose D.J., Mau B., RA Shao Y.; RT "The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12."; RL Science 277:1453-1462(1997). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911; RX PubMed=16738553; DOI=10.1038/msb4100049; RA Hayashi K., Morooka N., Yamamoto Y., Fujita K., Isono K., Choi S., RA Ohtsubo E., Baba T., Wanner B.L., Mori H., Horiuchi T.; RT "Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 RT and W3110."; RL Mol. Syst. Biol. 2:E1-E5(2006). RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 237-283. RC STRAIN=K12; RX PubMed=2656410; DOI=10.1016/0378-1119(89)90394-6; RA Li J.-M., Russell C.S., Cosloy S.D.; RT "The structure of the Escherichia coli hemB gene."; RL Gene 75:177-184(1989). RN [6] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-11; 42-46 AND 59-63, AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS RP SPECTROMETRY. RC STRAIN=K12 / MC4100 / ATCC 35695 / DSM 6574; RX PubMed=8774726; DOI=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0773u.x; RA Quadroni M., Staudenmann W., Kertesz M.A., James P.; RT "Analysis of global responses by protein and peptide fingerprinting of RT proteins isolated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Application to RT the sulfate-starvation response of Escherichia coli."; RL Eur. J. Biochem. 239:773-781(1996). RN [7] RP IDENTIFICATION. RX PubMed=7984428; DOI=10.1093/nar/22.22.4756; RA Borodovsky M., Rudd K.E., Koonin E.V.; RT "Intrinsic and extrinsic approaches for detecting genes in a bacterial RT genome."; RL Nucleic Acids Res. 22:4756-4767(1994). RN [8] RP FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY, COFACTOR, RP BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, ACTIVITY REGULATION, SUBUNIT, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=9287300; DOI=10.1074/jbc.272.37.23031; RA Eichhorn E., van der Ploeg J.R., Kertesz M.A., Leisinger T.; RT "Characterization of alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase from RT Escherichia coli."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 272:23031-23036(1997). RN [9] RP BIOTECHNOLOGY. RC STRAIN=K12; RX PubMed=22595347; DOI=10.1016/j.ab.2012.04.030; RA Matsuda M., Asano Y.; RT "A simple assay of taurine concentrations in food and biological samples RT using taurine dioxygenase."; RL Anal. Biochem. 427:121-123(2012). RN [10] RP SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=22221834; DOI=10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08473.x; RA Knauer S.H., Hartl-Spiegelhauer O., Schwarzinger S., Hanzelmann P., RA Dobbek H.; RT "The Fe(II)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenases from RT Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli are tetramers."; RL FEBS J. 279:816-831(2012). RN [11] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY IN COMPLEX WITH IRON; 2-OXOGLUTARATE AND TAURINE, RP CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, COFACTOR, SUBUNIT, AND HYDROXYLATION AT TRP-128; RP TRP-240 AND TRP-248. RX PubMed=11955067; DOI=10.1021/bi016014e; RA Elkins J.M., Ryle M.J., Clifton I.J., Dunning Hotopp J.C., Lloyd J.S., RA Burzlaff N.I., Baldwin J.E., Hausinger R.P., Roach P.L.; RT "X-ray crystal structure of Escherichia coli taurine/alpha-ketoglutarate RT dioxygenase complexed to ferrous iron and substrates."; RL Biochemistry 41:5185-5192(2002). RN [12] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY IN COMPLEX WITH IRON; 2-OXOGLUTARATE AND TAURINE, RP CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, COFACTOR, AND SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=12741810; DOI=10.1021/bi0341096; RA O'Brien J.R., Schuller D.J., Yang V.S., Dillard B.D., Lanzilotta W.N.; RT "Substrate-induced conformational changes in Escherichia coli RT taurine/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase and insight into the oligomeric RT structure."; RL Biochemistry 42:5547-5554(2003). CC -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylation of CC taurine yielding sulfite and aminoacetaldehyde after decomposition of CC an unstable intermediate (PubMed:9287300). Is required for the CC utilization of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonate) as an alternative CC sulfur source for growth in the absence of sulfate (PubMed:8808933). To CC a lesser extent, pentanesulfonate, 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonate and CC 1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolineethanesulfonate are also desulfonated by this CC enzyme in vitro; however, desulfonation by TauD of organosulfonates CC other than taurine seem to be of little or no importance for sulfur CC metabolism in vivo (PubMed:9287300). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8808933, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=taurine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = aminoacetaldehyde + sulfite + CC succinate + CO2 + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15909, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:16810, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:17359, ChEBI:CHEBI:30031, ChEBI:CHEBI:58213, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:507393; EC=1.14.11.17; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300, ECO:0000305|PubMed:8808933}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15910; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:8808933}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Fe(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29033; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Note=Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810}; CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Activated by ascorbate and inhibited by divalent CC metal ions such as zinc, copper and cobalt. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}. CC -!- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: CC Kinetic parameters: CC KM=55 uM for taurine (at pH 6.9) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC KM=11 uM for 2-oxoglutarate (at pH 6.9) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC KM=1490 uM for butanesulfonate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC KM=590 uM for pentanesulfonate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC KM=1510 uM for hexanesulfonate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC KM=145 uM for 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC KM=485 uM for 1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolineethanesulfonate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Vmax=4.1 umol/min/mg enzyme with taurine as substrate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Vmax=1.3 umol/min/mg enzyme with butanesulfonate as substrate (at pH CC 6.9) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Vmax=1.9 umol/min/mg enzyme with pentanesulfonate as substrate (at pH CC 6.9) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Vmax=2.2 umol/min/mg enzyme with hexanesulfonate as substrate (at pH CC 6.9) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Vmax=2 umol/min/mg enzyme with 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonate as CC substrate (at pH 6.9) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC Vmax=3.8 umol/min/mg enzyme with CC 1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolineethanesulfonate as substrate (at pH 6.9) CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC pH dependence: CC Optimum pH is 6.9. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}; CC -!- PATHWAY: Organosulfur degradation; taurine degradation via aerobic CC pathway; aminoacetaldehyde and sulfite from taurine: step 1/1. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8808933}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer (PubMed:11955067, PubMed:12741810, PubMed:9287300). CC Was later shown to be a homotetramer arranged as a dimer of two dimers CC (PubMed:22221834). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22221834, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}. CC -!- INDUCTION: Is only expressed during growth in the absence of sulfate or CC cysteine. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8808933, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9287300}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Disruption of this gene leads to a loss of the CC ability to utilize taurine as a source of sulfur, but does not affect CC the utilization of a range of other aliphatic sulfonates as sulfur CC sources. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8808933}. CC -!- BIOTECHNOLOGY: Taurine dioxygenase can be used for enzymatic CC determination of taurine concentration in food quality control, CC biological research, and medical diagnosis. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22595347}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TfdA dioxygenase family. {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION: CC Sequence=M24488; Type=Frameshift; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; D85613; BAA12841.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; U73857; AAB18091.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; U00096; AAC73471.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AP009048; BAE76149.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M24488; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA. DR PIR; S78607; H64764. DR RefSeq; NP_414902.1; NC_000913.3. DR RefSeq; WP_000004027.1; NZ_CP009789.1. DR PDB; 1GQW; X-ray; 3.00 A; A/B=1-283. DR PDB; 1GY9; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/B=1-283. DR PDB; 1OS7; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/B/C/D=1-283. DR PDB; 1OTJ; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/B/C/D=1-283. DR PDB; 6EDH; X-ray; 1.73 A; A/B=1-283. DR SMR; P37610; -. DR BioGRID; 4259830; 18. DR ComplexPortal; CPX-2120; Taurine dioxygenase complex, tetrameric. DR ComplexPortal; CPX-3190; Taurine dioxygenase complex, dimeric. DR DIP; DIP-10966N; -. DR IntAct; P37610; 4. DR STRING; 511145.b0368; -. DR DrugBank; DB01956; Taurine. DR PaxDb; 511145-b0368; -. DR EnsemblBacteria; AAC73471; AAC73471; b0368. DR GeneID; 945021; -. DR KEGG; ecj:JW0360; -. DR KEGG; eco:b0368; -. DR PATRIC; fig|1411691.4.peg.1911; -. DR EchoBASE; EB2322; -. DR eggNOG; COG2175; Bacteria. DR HOGENOM; CLU_036005_2_1_6; -. DR InParanoid; P37610; -. DR OMA; AAMKYNY; -. DR OrthoDB; 581608at2; -. DR PhylomeDB; P37610; -. DR BioCyc; EcoCyc:MONOMER0-147; -. DR BioCyc; MetaCyc:MONOMER0-147; -. DR BRENDA; 1.14.11.17; 2026. DR SABIO-RK; P37610; -. DR UniPathway; UPA00336; UER00542. DR EvolutionaryTrace; P37610; -. DR PRO; PR:P37610; -. DR AbasyAtlas; P37610; -. DR FunFam; 3.60.130.10:FF:000002; Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.60.130.10; Clavaminate synthase-like; 1. DR InterPro; IPR051323; AtsK-like. DR InterPro; IPR042098; GlaH-like_sf. DR InterPro; IPR003819; TauD/TfdA-like. DR PANTHER; PTHR30468; ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE-DEPENDENT SULFONATE DIOXYGENASE; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR30468:SF1; ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE-DEPENDENT SULFONATE DIOXYGENASE; 1. DR Pfam; PF02668; TauD; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF51197; Clavaminate synthase-like; 1. DR NCBIfam; NF007104; tauD; 1. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:EcoliWiki. DR GO; GO:1990205; C:taurine dioxygenase complex; IDA:EcoCyc. DR GO; GO:0008198; F:ferrous iron binding; IDA:EcoCyc. DR GO; GO:0042802; F:identical protein binding; IPI:EcoCyc. DR GO; GO:0000908; F:taurine dioxygenase activity; IDA:EcoliWiki. DR GO; GO:0051289; P:protein homotetramerization; IPI:EcoCyc. DR GO; GO:0006790; P:sulfur compound metabolic process; IMP:EcoliWiki. DR GO; GO:0019529; P:taurine catabolic process; IDA:ComplexPortal. DR Proteomes; UP000000625; Chromosome. DR AlphaFoldDB; P37610; -. DR FunCoup; P37610; 519. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Dioxygenase; Direct protein sequencing; Hydroxylation; Iron; KW Metal-binding; Oxidoreductase; Reference proteome; Vitamin C. FT INIT_MET 1 FT /note="Removed" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:8774726" FT CHAIN 2..283 FT /note="Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase" FT /id="PRO_0000194016" FT BINDING 70 FT /ligand="taurine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:507393" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 73 FT /ligand="taurine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:507393" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 95 FT /ligand="taurine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:507393" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 99 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_note="catalytic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 101 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_note="catalytic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 102 FT /ligand="taurine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:507393" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 126 FT /ligand="2-oxoglutarate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:16810" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 255 FT /ligand="2-oxoglutarate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:16810" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 255 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_note="catalytic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 266 FT /ligand="2-oxoglutarate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:16810" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 270 FT /ligand="2-oxoglutarate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:16810" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT BINDING 270 FT /ligand="taurine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:507393" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12741810" FT MOD_RES 128 FT /note="3-hydroxytryptophan; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067" FT MOD_RES 240 FT /note="3-hydroxytryptophan; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067" FT MOD_RES 248 FT /note="3-hydroxytryptophan; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11955067" FT STRAND 6..14 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 16..20 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 23..25 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 29..42 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 43..47 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 54..62 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 71..73 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 79..88 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT TURN 101..104 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 105..107 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 110..118 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 126..130 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 131..136 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 140..146 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 150..153 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 155..158 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 161..164 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 168..180 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 184..191 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT TURN 193..195 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 198..200 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT TURN 204..206 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 207..210 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 215..228 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT HELIX 232..234 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 235..238 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 245..249 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 252..257 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" FT STRAND 266..273 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6EDH" SQ SEQUENCE 283 AA; 32410 MW; 7ADEB0CDC9CEEB57 CRC64; MSERLSITPL GPYIGAQISG ADLTRPLSDN QFEQLYHAVL RHQVVFLRDQ AITPQQQRAL AQRFGELHIH PVYPHAEGVD EIIVLDTHND NPPDNDNWHT DVTFIETPPA GAILAAKELP STGGDTLWTS GIAAYEALSV PFRQLLSGLR AEHDFRKSFP EYKYRKTEEE HQRWREAVAK NPPLLHPVVR THPVSGKQAL FVNEGFTTRI VDVSEKESEA LLSFLFAHIT KPEFQVRWRW QPNDIAIWDN RVTQHYANAD YLPQRRIMHR ATILGDKPFY RAG //